The Multi-Temporal Database of Planetary Image Data (MUTED): A web-based tool for studying dynamic Mars

Heyer, T.; Hiesinger, H.; Reiss, D.; Erkeling, G.; Bernhardt, H.; Luesebrink, D.; Jaumann, R.

doi:10.1016/j.pss.2018.04.015

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Visual datasets were identified using the MUTED webtool (Heyer et al, 2018), which provides a direct download link to the PDS Geoscience Node (http://pdsgeosciences.wustl.edu/dataserv/mars.html). CTX and HiRISE images were downloaded as a preprocessed product for direct integration into an ESRI ArcGIS project.…”

Section: Datasetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the identification of areas with both gully activity and high spatial and temporal repeat coverage of high-resolution images, we used the Multi-Temporal Database of Planetary Image Data (MUTED; Heyer et al, 2018). The web-based tool enables users to identify orbital images covering the same surface area on Mars based on user-defined spatial and temporal constraints.…”

Section: Multi-temporal Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Present-day gully activity in Sisyphi Cavi, Mars – Flow-like features and block movements

Raack

Conway

Heyer

et al. 2020

Icarus

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The continuously increasing number of multi-temporal high-resolution images from the surface of Mars offers the possibility for detailed studies of present-day surface activity. In this study we investigated all gullies in the Sisyphi Cavi region (355° E, 71° S) of the south polar region of Mars. This region is influenced by the seasonal deposition of a decimeters-thick translucent slab ice in late autumn/winter and its subsequent sublimation in spring. We mapped all gullies (n = 17.760) and measured their orientations. We also identified gullies with contemporary activity (n = 35) using multi-temporal HiRISE images for martian years (MY) 28 to 34. We observed two different kinds of activity: (1) dark flow-like features, and (2) movement of blocks. For both, sediment was transported from the source region (alcove and/or flanks of channels) down the gully. Using image data from HRSC, CTX, and HiRISE, we monitored the general defrosting of the study region. We also analyzed the maximum daytime surface temperatures of the complete study region based on TES data from MYs 24 to 26. To identify the origin and triggering mechanism of the observed activity, we used: (1) detailed topographic investigations (e.g., slope angles) of two extensively gullied slopes based on two HiRISE-DTMs, (2) identification of small scale displacements with Digital Image Correlation (DIC), and (3) orientation measurements of active gullies and comparison to non-active gullies. We found that for the active gullies studied, activity happens at the end of spring between LS ~225° and ~250°. This is consistent with the timing of final stages of defrosting in the region. At this time, some surfaces are already defrosted while others still host the seasonal slab ice cover. For the surfaces with slab ice, dark defrosting spots (and flows, if the surface is inclined) are observed on dark dunes as well as on gully aprons and in gully channels. These spots form when, triggered by basal sublimation generated overpressure, sediment entrained in CO2-gas is transported through cracks within the ice and redeposited onto the frosted surface. We compared and linked both morphologic features (dark dune spots and dark flow-like features) and concluded that these features have comparable or even the same triggering mechanisms. Based on this extensive study, the most plausible mechanism for ongoing gully activity can be divided into two steps: 1) accumulation of material within gully channels via small dry flows on top of the slab ice (comparable to dark dune spots/flows), 2) when a critical mass is reached, the sediment flows down the still frosted gully on top of the sublimating ice or as a mixture of dry material and ice in a catastrophic flow. The triggering factor for the movement of blocks remains unclear, as their timing could not be constrained with the available data. We identified headwall erosion in one gully in the study region, whereas a discrete source could not be identified for the other sites, suggesting multiple failure mechanisms could be activ...

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Section: Datasetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Multi-temporal Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Present-day gully activity in Sisyphi Cavi, Mars – Flow-like features and block movements

Raack

Conway

Heyer

et al. 2020

Icarus

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“…This discrepancy could be explained if erasure is at least partially stochastic (Aharonson et al., 2003). Individual streaks form rapidly, within days (Dundas et al., 2017; Heyer et al., 2018) and possibly much faster, and then do not evolve further other than fading slowly. Existing streaks can prevent propagation of new streaks, but overprinting does occur occasionally (Dundas, 2020b; Sullivan et al., 2001).…”

Section: Mass Wasting and Slope Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active Mars: A Dynamic World

et al. 2021

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An axiom of geology is that the present is the key to the past. Knowledge of current processes and their consequences is an essential tool for understanding history, including the ancient rock record and the associated climate. Modern Mars is cold, with a thin atmosphere, and has previously been thought to have little ongoing geomorphic activity-especially when compared with ancient Mars, which had apparent largescale, Earth-like processes, as inferred from ancient landforms. This interpretation has led much research to focus not on the present Martian environment, but rather on Mars' early conditions and climate change over time. However, in recent years, observations of ongoing surface changes have proliferated, demonstrating that Mars' landscape is actively evolving and likely has been throughout the Amazonian epoch. These observed geomorphic changes shed light on a variety of active processes, some with no terrestrial analog, and reveal present-day Mars to be a dynamic world. This in turn may mean that more of the ancient and recent Martian geologic record can be explained without dramatic climate change.This work presents a comprehensive summary and categorization of the many types of observed changes on the Martian surface. Aeolian and frost-related surface activity are discussed in more detail in a parallel review by Diniega et al. (2021), which focuses on connecting specific landforms to their formative processes; the focus herein is to provide a broad overview of known types of changes in surface morphology and albedo. Weather and seasonal frost and ice are not discussed in detail here, except where necessary to describe their effects on the surface; observations of the atmosphere were reviewed by M. D. Smith (2008) and Martínez et al. (2017), and seasonal frost is discussed in Piqueux, Kleinböhl, et al. (2015) and references therein. Weathering and other microscale or chemical processes are not discussed. Even with these exclusions, the scope of the subject is broad and we have focused on the key discoveries and constraints.Studying surface changes on Mars yields a unique look at processes within an un-Earthly environment.

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“…We performed a systematic survey of all impact craters in HiRISE images between 2006 and 2020 covering ±35° latitudes. For identification, mapping, and ejecta analysis see the methods described in the supplementary section for details (Heyer et al., 2018). This study tackles the following open questions (a) do all new boulder falls cause BFE, (b) what is the spatial distribution of BFE on Mars, (c) what is the preservation potential or fading rate of BFE, and (d) the link between BFE tracks and slope streaks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boulder Fall Ejecta: Present Day Activity on Mars

Vijayan

Harish

Kimi

et al. 2021

Geophysical Research Letters

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Boulder falls and their tracks are typically observed on Mars and the Moon using high-resolution images (McEwen et al., 2007;Robinson et al., 2010). These falls indicate recent active mass wasting processes on these bodies. Such tracks are ubiquitous on steeply sloping terrain, and where particularly abundant have been used to infer active seismicity (Bickel et al., 2019;Brown & Roberts, 2019;Taylor et al., 2013), giving insight into endogenic processes. Repeat temporal imaging has shown that boulder falls are ongoing on Mars, as first observed by the Mars Global Surveyor-Mars Orbiter Camera images from the southern hemisphere and Valles Marineris (https://www.msss.com/mars_images/moc/2005/09/20/bouldertracks/). Subsequently, several studies have used repeat temporal imaging using HiRISE to identify and study recent boulder falls (Dundas &

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The Multi-Temporal Database of Planetary Image Data (MUTED): A web-based tool for studying dynamic Mars

Cited by 15 publications

References 57 publications

Present-day gully activity in Sisyphi Cavi, Mars – Flow-like features and block movements

Present-day gully activity in Sisyphi Cavi, Mars – Flow-like features and block movements

Active Mars: A Dynamic World

Boulder Fall Ejecta: Present Day Activity on Mars

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