The Movements of the Colon of Rats and Guinea Pigs

Hukuhara, Takehiko; Neya, Toshiaki

doi:10.2170/jjphysiol.18.551

Cited by 51 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…There are differences in the morphology (Christensen et al, 1984) and density (Hukuhara & Neya, 1968) of the myenteric plexus and in its sensitivities to drugs (Fink & Friedman, 1960) in the proximal and distal portions of rat colon. The contents of the intestinal lumen are dehydrated in the proximal colon and pellets of faeces are mainly formed in the distal colon (Ferre & Ruckebusch, 1985).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in control of descending inhibition in the proximal and distal regions of rat colon

Hata

Kataoka

Takeuchi

et al. 1990

British J Pharmacology

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Descending inhibition in the proximal and distal portions of rat colon was studied separately, in vitro. In the proximal colon, localized distension with a small balloon caused three types of response (contraction; relaxation; relaxation, then contraction) of the circular muscle on the anal side of the distended region. Distension caused descending relaxation of circular muscle in all segments of the proximal colon, although for this prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) was necessary in some segments to increase muscle tone. Atropine and guanethidine did not inhibit this descending relaxation, but tetrodotoxin did. Hexamethonium inhibited the descending relaxation in 14 of 17 preparations of proximal colon tested, but not in the others. In the distal colon, distension consistently caused an increase in the tone of the circular muscles. Descending relaxation was observed only after development of higher tone. Atropine and guanethidine did not inhibit the relaxation, but tetrodotoxin did. Hexamethonium did not inhibit the descending relaxation in most of the preparations of distal colon examined. AF64A, an inhibitor of choline uptake, inhibited the response mediated by cholinergic neurones in vitro to electrical transmural stimulation of the longitudinal muscle of proximal colon. Treatment of colonic preparations with AF64A in vitro resulted in inhibition of descending relaxation in those of proximal, but not those of distal, colon. The participation of intrinsic cholinergic neurones in the descending neuronal pathway is strongly suggested by the results in the proximal colon, but less so in the distal colon. The tone and spontaneous contractile activity of colonic circular muscles are discussed in relation to their neuronal control.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in control of descending inhibition in the proximal and distal regions of rat colon

Hata

Kataoka

Takeuchi

et al. 1990

British J Pharmacology

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“…In the guinea-pig, a group of ICC-SMP with a dense distribution in the flexure region at the boundary between proximal and distal divisions of colon produces regular periodic activity of 10-12 cycle per min in the circular smooth muscle (Kobayashi et al, 1995;Nahar et al, 1996). The region in which these ICC-SMP are distributed is suggested to be the pacemaker area from which the peristaltic and antiperistaltic activities of the distal and proximal regions of colon arise respectively (Hukuhara and Neya, 1968).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of spontaneous contractions and their modulation by transmural nerve stimulation in circular smooth muscle isolated from the pacemaker area in the flexure region of the guinea-pig colon

Fujimoto

Shigemasa

Suzuki

2010

J. Smooth Muscle Res.

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The properties of spontaneous contractions and their modulation by transmural nerve stimulation (TNS) were investigated in circular smooth muscle preparations isolated from the "pacemaker area" in the flexure region of the guinea-pig colon. Four types of preparation were made; mucosal layer removed preparations, mucosal and submucosal layer removed preparations (submucosal layer removed preparations), longitudinal muscle removed preparations, and preparations with all layers attached (intact preparations). Intact and mucosal layer removed preparations periodically generated two types of phasic contractions; large contractions at a low frequency (about 2 times per min) and small contractions at a higher frequency (about 13 times per min). Submucosal layer removed preparations only produced large contractions, while longitudinal muscle removed preparations only produced small contractions. Both the amplitude and frequency of the large contractions were significantly inhibited by atropine, but were not markedly modulated by N ω -nitro-L-arginine (L-NA) in either intact, mucosal layer removed or submucosal layer removed preparations. Small contractions were not significantly modulated by atropine or L-NA in any type of preparation. In both intact and mucosal layer removed preparations, TNS (1 Hz frequency, for 2-3 min) increased the amplitude and/or frequency of large contractions, but caused no significant change in small contractions. TNS also increased the amplitude and/or frequency of large contractions in submucosal layer removed preparations, but did not significantly modulate small contractions in longitudinal muscle removed preparations. Exogenously applied acetylcholine (>10 -7 M) enhanced, while sodium nitroprusside (>10 -8 M) inhibited, the amplitude and frequency of both types of contraction, in a concentration-dependent manner. The results suggest that the large contractions were elicited by interstitial cells distributed in the myenteric layer (ICC-MP), while the small contractions were elicited by ICC distributed in the submuscular plexus layer (ICC-SMP). Intramural nerves mainly modulated the activity of ICC-MP, while neural regulation of ICC-SMP was weak.

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“…It has been studied by Langley & Magnus (1905), Currie & Henderson (1926), Lembeck (1958), Lee (1960), Hukuhara, Nakayama & Nanba (1961), Hukuhara & Neya (1968), and MacKenna & McKirdy (1969).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A pharmacological analysis of the peristaltic reflex in the isolated colon of the guinea‐pig or cat

Crema

Frigo

Lecchini

1970

British J Pharmacology

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Summary1. The peristaltic reflex in the colon was elicited by a localized intraluminal stimulus. The contractile response of the longitudinal coat, which consists of two phases, begins before the start of propulsion. Although the contractions of the longitudinal and circular musculature are usually associated, they may be independent of each other. In particular, the longitudinal contraction does not seem to be necessary for propulsion.

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The Movements of the Colon of Rats and Guinea Pigs

Cited by 51 publications

References 22 publications

Differences in control of descending inhibition in the proximal and distal regions of rat colon

Differences in control of descending inhibition in the proximal and distal regions of rat colon

Properties of spontaneous contractions and their modulation by transmural nerve stimulation in circular smooth muscle isolated from the pacemaker area in the flexure region of the guinea-pig colon

A pharmacological analysis of the peristaltic reflex in the isolated colon of the guinea‐pig or cat

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