The Molecular Physiopathogenesis of Islet Amyloidosis

Bhowmick, Diti Chatterjee; Singh, Sanghamitra; Trikha, Saurabh; Jeremić, Aleksandar

doi:10.1007/164_2017_62

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 152 publications

(274 reference statements)

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“…Islet amyloidosis Until recently, islet amyloidosis, which develops from extracellular deposition of islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), was widely considered pathognomonic for type 2 diabetes [21]. Islet IAPP is a 37 amino acid polypeptide that is co-produced/co-secreted with insulin from beta cells; hypersecretion of insulin with insulin resistance may result in IAPP deposition [22]. Two recent studies report the presence of islet amyloid in people with type 1 diabetes, including a 12-year-old individual [23,24].…”

Section: The Pancreas In Type 1 Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organisation of the human pancreas in health and in diabetes

et al. 2020

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For much of the last century, our knowledge regarding the pancreas in type 1 and type 2 diabetes was largely derived from autopsy studies of individuals with these disorders or investigations utilising rodent models of either disease. While many important insights emanated from these efforts, the mode for investigation has increasingly seen change due to the availability of transplant-quality organ-donor tissues, improvements in pancreatic imaging, advances in metabolic assessments of living patients, genetic analyses, technological advances for laboratory investigation and more. As a result, many long-standing notions regarding the role for and the changes that occur in the pancreas in individuals with these disorders have come under question, while, at the same time, new issues (e.g., beta cell persistence, disease heterogeneity, exocrine contributions) have arisen. In this article, we will consider the vital role of the pancreas in human health and physiology, including discussion of its anatomical features and dual (exocrine and endocrine) functions. Specifically, we convey changes that occur in the pancreas of those with either type 1 or type 2 diabetes, with careful attention to the facets that may contribute to the pathogenesis of either disorder. Finally, we discuss the emerging unknowns with the belief that understanding the role of the pancreas in type 1 and type 2 diabetes will lead to improvements in disease diagnosis, understanding of disease heterogeneity and optimisation of treatments at a personalised level.

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Section: The Pancreas In Type 1 Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organisation of the human pancreas in health and in diabetes

et al. 2020

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“…По всем критериям IAPP наряду с инсулином участвует в регуляции обмена углеводов [16]. Известно, что инсулин действует в большей степени на мышечные клетки и адипоциты, стимулируя поглощение глюкозы, акти вируя ферменты обмена глюкозы, усиливая превращение глюкозы в гликоген, ингибируя катаболизм белков и липидов и стимулируя их синтез.…”

Section: функции Iappunclassified

“…В литературе рассматриваются и другие причины гибели клеток при амилиновом амилоидозе. В частности, предполагают, что определенную роль могут играть процессы аутофагии и другие процессы, связанные с разрушением и элиминацией белков с аномальной конформацией [16]. В этом случае приходится признавать значение внутриклеточного IAPP, склонного к агрегации.…”

Section: амилоидогенные свойства Iappunclassified

Role of pancreatic amyloidosis in pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Гудкова

Яковлевна²,

Antimonova

et al. 2019

Medical academic journal

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The occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in developed countries is currently becoming epidemic primarily due to the changes in quality of life. This disease typically makes progress for a long time, and its clinical pattern is mostly related to various micro- and macrovascular complications. In addition to said complications the pancreas itself often undergoes damage associated with amyloid formation in islets of Langerhans which results in a toxic effect on the hormone-producing islet cells. Ultimately, hormone overproduction in T2DM shifts to hormone deficiency. The crucial causative factor of the development of pancreatic amyloidosis in T2DM is а short peptide hormone, amylin (IAPP), which is cosecreted with insulin and considered to be a kind of insulin antagonist. The present review reports structure, functions and amyloidogenic properties of human IAPP. The basic concepts of molecular and cellular aspects concerning pathogenesis of pancreatic amyloidosis have been provided. Patterns of the development of pancreatic amyloid lesions and possible approaches for early diagnosis and treatment of this significant complication of T2DM have been discussed.

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“…Образование амилоида в островках Лангерганса, оказывая токсическое действие на гормонопродуцирующие островковые клетки, повреждает поджелудочную железу. В итоге, гиперпродукция гормонов при СД2 сменяется их дефицитом [12][13][14]. Гипергликемия и сама по себе может нарушать секрецию инсулина, поскольку высокие уровни глюкозы снижают чувствительность клеток и/или нарушают их функцию (глюкозотоксичность).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Amyloid formation in the Langerhans islets has a toxic effect on hormone-producing islet cells, leading to pancreatic damage. As a result, hyperproduction of hormones in T2DM is replaced by their deficiency [ 12 , 13 , 14 ]. Hyperglycemia alone can affect insulin secretion, since high glucose levels cause cell desensitization and/or dysfunction (glucose toxicity).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Pathogenic Features and Experimental Models in Rodents

Gvazava¹,

Karimova²,

Vasiliev³

et al. 2022

Acta Naturae

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most common endocrine disorder (90%) in the world; it has numerous clinical, immunological, and genetic differences from type 1 diabetes mellitus. The pathogenesis of T2DM is complex and not fully clear. To date, animal models remain the main tool by which to study the pathophysiology and therapy of T2DM. Rodents are considered the best choice among animal models, because they are characterized by a small size, short induction period, easy diabetes induction, and economic efficiency. This review summarizes data on experimental models of T2DM that are currently used, evaluates their advantages and disadvantages vis-a-vis research, and describes in detail the factors that should be taken into account when using these models. Selection of a suitable model for tackling a particular issue is not always trivial; it affects study results and their interpretation.

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The Molecular Physiopathogenesis of Islet Amyloidosis

Cited by 5 publications

References 152 publications

Organisation of the human pancreas in health and in diabetes

Organisation of the human pancreas in health and in diabetes

Role of pancreatic amyloidosis in pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Pathogenic Features and Experimental Models in Rodents

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