The moisture-dependent flow characteristics of Canarium schweinfurthii Engler nuts

Abstract

The flow characteristics of three varieties of Canarium schweinfurthii Engler nuts (Canarium schweinfurthii short, Canarium schweinfurthii long and Canarium schweinfurthii large – CSHT<sub>LRG</sub>) relevant for the design and development of handling and storage systems was studied at three different moisture levels (10.20, 17.23 and 25.06% wet basis). The flow characteristics investigated include the normal stress, the shear stress, the initial shear stress, the coefficient and angle of the internal friction, the coefficient of mobility and the size of the discharge opening. An Instron universal machine at a cross-head speed of 25 mm·min<sup>–1</sup> was used to obtain the shear force. The results obtained showed that all the flow properties increased with an increase in the moisture content except for the coefficient of mobility. Moreover, the variety of the C. schweinfurthii nuts had a significant effect (P < 0.05) on the flow characteristics. CSHT<sub>LRG</sub> had the best ability to flow freely than the other varieties. The hopper side wall angle for all the varieties ranged from 67–70°. Round, square and triangle shapes are all acceptable for the smooth flow of C. schweinfurthii nuts.

Elaboration and Characterization of a Composite Material Based on <i>Canarium schweinfurthii</i> Engl Cores with a Polyester Matrix

“…45CT 3 composite with 45% of filler content of particle sizes between 315 and 630 µm. where I is the quadratic moment of the cross-section of the sample.…”

“…Generally after consumption of the pulp, the kernels are dumped into nature causing a pollution problem by their massive presence accompanied by their slow degradation. It should be noted that about 68% of these cores are dumped in the wild after a harvest season, due to the lack of reliable storage facilities that can ensure their availability over the years [3]. Fruit production generally experiences two flowering periods during the year, between September and March.…”

“…(2019) studied the moisture flux of these cores and results obtained showed that all the flow properties increased with an increase in the moisture content except for the coefficient of mobility [3]. The physical parameters of Canarium schweinfurthii Engl fruit decreased linearly with a decrease in moisture content [8].…”

Influence of temperature on the creep behaviour by macroindentation of Cocos nucifera shells and Canarium schweinfurthii cores (bio-shellnut wastes in Cameroon)

“…He was interested in the effect of input size and proportions on composite density and dynamic friction coefficient [39]. Standard mechanical characterization can also be carried out for parts of CS when they are in their natural state, such as strength and stiffness [32] or strength and mobility for nuts, the humidity level being an important parameter in the latter case [40].…”