The Missing Story of Women in Public Relations

Toth, Elizabeth L.; Grunig, Larissa A.

doi:10.1207/s1532754xjprr0503_01

Cited by 66 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The public relations profession has undergone a significant demographic change in the last 20 years. It is estimated that nearly 60% or more of the public relations workforce is women (Lukovitz, 1989;Toth & Grunig, 1993), and this is likely to increase due to the fact that the vast majority of students enrolled in public relations classes are women (Becker, 1991;Cline, 1989).…”

Section: The Experiences Of Women In a Publicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This debate has led researchers to investigate the effects and consequences of the feminization of public relations while trying to identify and label the roles and functions women perform in public relations (Broom & Dozier, 1986;Cline et al, 1986;Dozier, 1983;Dozier, 1992;Toth & Cline, 1989;Toth & Grunig, 1993). Toth and Grunig (1993) argue that the majority of public relations research has focused on the examination of two previously identified roles in public relations -the managerial and the technical (Dozier, 1983;Dozier, 1992). There can be little doubt that such research has been successful in charting the roles women perform and the discrimination that they face as a consequence in public relations.…”

Section: The Experiences Of Women In a Publicmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Experiences of Women in a Public Relations Firm: A Phenomenological Explication

Krider

Ross

1997

Journal of Business Communication

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This paper uses the phenomenological method to explicate the experiences of women in a public relations firm. Seven women from a major midwestern public relations firm were interviewed to gain a deeper understanding of the experience of being a woman in public relations during the feminization of the profession. From the interviews, four initial clusters emerged: perceptions of public relations work prior to entering the field, realities of the nature of the work, language as a shaper of reality, and conflicting roles. These clusters were further reduced to create two thematic clusters: the struggle with the changing role of women in society and the experience of being a woman in public relations. It was found that the essence of the experience of being a woman in public relations is in the negotiation and reconciliation of the ascribed roles and achieved roles. Women enter the workplace being, first, a woman, and, second, a daughter. In these roles, expectations and accepted behaviors are already formed, however, the added dimension of the work environment creates another role leading to internal conflict when defining the experience of being a woman in public relations. Although the roles appear to be unique and mutually exclusive, they are tightly woven together to create the essence of the experience of being a woman in public relations.

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Section: The Experiences Of Women In a Publicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Experiences Of Women In a Publicmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Experiences of Women in a Public Relations Firm: A Phenomenological Explication

Krider

Ross

1997

Journal of Business Communication

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“…The findings of this study support prior research [27] that position at work, work experiences, and age can affect practitioners' roles. However, the finding that gender differences do not affect the pattern of practitioner roles contradicts the previous research (e.g., [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. This may be attributed to the situation in Korean public relations firms in which females represent an overwhelming majority [38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Some roles research has focused on the significance of gender (e.g., [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]), emphasizing both the tendency for women to be relegated to technical roles as well as the barriers they have faced in assuming more prominent managerial roles in public relations. A disparity between male and female practitioners in terms of salary and status has also been revealed.…”

Section: Job Roles Of Public Relations Practitionersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The interviewees covered a wide range of personal and professional backgrounds; job titles, levels of experience, age, gender, and academic degrees were considered in addressing the research topic. Prior research has shown that these characteristics are associated with public relations practitioners' roles [17,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]35,38]. The researchers approached individuals from these personal and professional backgrounds to analyze individual perceptions and to capture patterns that emerge across interviewees.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Core Elements for Organizational Sustainability in Global Markets: Korean Public Relations Practitioners’ Perceptions of Their Job Roles

JiYeon

Park

2017

Sustainability

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For the purpose of enhancing organizational sustainability in global markets, organizational public relations practitioners in international firms take roles to respond toward the global public. This study explores practitioners' perceptions of their job roles in global public relations firms and identifies the elements that support those roles. To address these concerns, a qualitative method, specifically an in-depth interview, was conducted because it endeavors to reveal and understand what lies deep within the complexity of a little-known phenomenon. As the specific public of this research, Korean practitioners were selected, since the public relations industry in Korea has been influenced by globalization, and diverse global public relations firms have branches in Korea. Analysis of in-depth interviews suggests a typology of three newly defined roles for Korean practitioners: strategic counselor/manager role, non-strategic technician role, and business manager role for practitioners' own firms. It also identifies nine elements affecting public relations practitioners' roles. The important and powerful elements were chiefly attributed to culturally specific influences. This study provides critical clues for enhancing both entrepreneurial sustainability in global markets and the professionalism of public relations. Finally, public relations practitioners will be better able to make optimal decisions regarding their client organizations' adopted strategy.

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Practitioner/Communicator Roles

Tsetsura¹

2018

The International Encyclopedia of Strategic Communication

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This entry profiles the concept of practitioner/communicator role. Research on roles in the field of public relations and strategic communication is conducted on different continents and in different countries around the world. As the research spans across several decades, this entry examines how understanding of the concept and typologies of practitioner roles have changed through the years, in different locations. Various roles that practitioners perform in organizations can impact not only the organization, but also general communication practices and the profession itself.

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The Missing Story of Women in Public Relations

Cited by 66 publications

References 11 publications

The Experiences of Women in a Public Relations Firm: A Phenomenological Explication

The Experiences of Women in a Public Relations Firm: A Phenomenological Explication

Core Elements for Organizational Sustainability in Global Markets: Korean Public Relations Practitioners’ Perceptions of Their Job Roles

Practitioner/Communicator Roles

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