The miRNA-targeted transcriptome of porcine alveolar macrophages upon infection with Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus

Abstract

Host miRNAs are known to modulate the cell response to virus infections. We characterized the miRNA-targeted transcriptome of porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) at early times after infection with a subtype 1.1 strain of PRRSV (Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus). We performed the immunoprecipitation of RISC (RNA-induced Silencing Complex) followed by microarray analysis of the RISC-bound miRNA targets (RIP-Chip) to evaluate the relative enrichment or depletion of expressed genes in RISC. The miRNA-mediated regulation occurred early after PRRSV infection and decreased fast (1,241 and 141 RISC-bound genes at 7 h and 10 h post-infection, respectively); it affected several cell functions with evidence of miRNA buffering of upregulated interferon-related genes. Eight miRNAs were highly enriched in RISC of both control and infected cells with no evidence of differential expression. Although miR-335-5p was the miRNA with most predicted targets among enriched RISC-bound genes, no effects on surface markers, cytokine expression and PRRSV replication were detected upon miR-335-5p mimics of primary PAMs. Our results do not point to specific miRNA-driven mechanisms regulating the early response to infection with this PRRSV 1.1 strain and indicate that the miRNome expressed by steady-state PAMs reacts promptly to counterbalance PRRSV infection by a pervasive modulation of host functions.

Micro RNA-based regulation of genomics and transcriptomics of inflammatory cytokines in COVID-19

“…miR-335-5p had the most predicted targets in the response against the Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) of alveolar macrophages. Contrastingly, no effects on the cytokine expression was observed in this study (Dhorne-Pollet et al . 2019).…”

Oral Epithelial Cells Distinguish betweenCandidaSpecies with High or Low Pathogenic Potential through MicroRNA Regulation

“…Out of the remaining 17 differentially expressed miRNAs, miR-20a and hsa-let-7 have been reported to regulate antifungal responses, although only in Paracoccidioides brasiliensis (56). miR-16 and miR-4677 have been linked to antibacterial host responses (57,58), while miR-3074, miR-335, miR-34b, miR-4485, and miR-1246 have been associated with antiviral immune responses in various in vitro models (59)(60)(61)(62)(63). The remaining nine identified miRNA species have not yet been associated with microbe-induced inflammatory responses.…”

Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms for PRRSV Pathogenesis and Host Response to Infection

“…A total of 288 miRNAs were identified in the pig endometrium (Hong et al, 2019). Studies have been conducted to determine the host cell-PRRSV interaction networks, and numerous species of miRNAs appear to be altered (Calcatera et al, 2018;Dhorne-Pollet et al, 2019;Hicks et al, 2013;Li et al, 2018;Zhang et al, 2019a), suggesting that host miRNAs indeed modulate PRRSV replication, either positively or negatively. miR-181, miR-23, miR-30c, and miR-24-3p are reported to play important roles in PRRSV replication and in modulating host antiviral responses, while other such as miR-204, miR-221, and miR-219 need more study to understand for their functions .…”