The MIPAS/Envisat climatology (2002–2012) of polar stratospheric cloud volume density profiles

Höpfner, Michael; Deshler, Terry; Pitts, Mıchael; Poole, L. R.; Spang, Reinhold; Stiller, G. P.; Clarmann, T. von

doi:10.5194/amt-11-5901-2018

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Most recently, Höpfner et al. (2018) found that for coincident PSC scenes classified as predominantly (>50%) STS by CALIOP, there was good agreement between the magnitudes and vertical profile shapes of CALIOP and MIPAS particle VD. Here, we extend the results of Höpfner et al.…”

Section: Psc Spatial and Temporal Distributions And Compositionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Generally favorable comparisons between MIPAS and earlier (Version 1) CALIOP PSC composition results were found by Höpfner et al (2009) using the 2-CR method (Section 2.1.1.2) and more recently by Spang et al (2016) using a new Bayesian classifier approach. Most recently, Höpfner et al (2018) found that for coincident PSC scenes classified as predominantly (>50%) STS by CALIOP, there was good agreement between the magnitudes and vertical profile shapes of CALIOP and MIPAS particle VD. Here, we extend the results of Höpfner et al (2009) by comparing the CALIOP v2 and MIPAS Bayesian PSC composition classifications for the 2006-2011 overlap period using more stringent coincidence criteria (<1 h in time and <100 km in radial distance from the MIPAS tangent point) and further restricting the comparison to homogeneous CALIOP scenes, defined by the criteria that more than 50% of the CALIOP individual 5-km measurement samples within the MIPAS FOV are PSCs and more than 75% of those samples are classified as a single CALIOP composition.…”

Section: Caliop Versus Mipasmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Figure4gshows altitude profiles of PSC particle VD with a vertical resolution of around 3 km retrieved from the MIPAS observations(Höpfner et al, 2018). Profiles of minimum/maximum and mean PSC VD are available for each MIPAS limb-scan.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Polar Stratospheric Clouds: Satellite Observations, Processes, and Role in Ozone Depletion

Tritscher

Pitts

Poole

et al. 2021

Reviews of Geophysics

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Polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) play important roles in stratospheric ozone depletion during winter and spring at high latitudes (e.g., the Antarctic ozone hole). PSC particles provide sites for heterogeneous reactions that convert stable chlorine reservoir species to radicals that destroy ozone catalytically. PSCs also prolong ozone depletion by delaying chlorine deactivation through the removal of gas-phase HNO 3 and H 2 O by sedimentation of large nitric acid trihydrate (NAT) and ice particles. Contemporary observations by the spaceborne instruments Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS), Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS), and Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) have provided an unprecedented polar vortex-wide climatological view of PSC occurrence and composition in both hemispheres. These data have spurred advances in our understanding of PSC formation and related dynamical processes, especially the firm evidence of widespread heterogeneous nucleation of both NAT and ice PSC particles, perhaps on nuclei of meteoritic origin. Heterogeneous chlorine activation appears to be well understood. Reaction coefficients on/in liquid droplets have been measured accurately, and while uncertainties remain for reactions on solid NAT and ice particles, they are considered relatively unimportant since under most conditions chlorine activation occurs on/in liquid droplets. There have been notable advances in the ability of chemical transport and chemistry-climate models to reproduce PSC temporal/spatial distributions and composition observed from space. Continued spaceborne PSC observations will facilitate further improvements in the representation of PSC processes in global models and enable more accurate projections of the evolution of polar ozone and the global ozone layer as climate changes.Plain Language Summary Polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) occur during winter and early spring in the polar stratosphere, when temperatures are low enough to enable cloud formation despite the extremely dry conditions. Ground-based PSC sightings date back to the late 19th century, but they were little more than a scientific curiosity until the discovery of the Antarctic ozone hole in 1985. Soon thereafter, it was shown that PSCs play a crucial role in converting stable halogen (mainly chlorine) species of anthropogenic origin into reactive gases that rapidly destroy ozone. Considerable progress was made over the next two decades in quantifying these processes through laboratory studies, field campaigns, and limited spaceborne observations. We are now reaping the benefits of new PSC observations over the entire polar regions from three complementary 21st century spaceborne instruments. This study reviews these instruments and highlights new findings on PSC occurrence and composition. These datasets have also triggered advances in understanding how PSCs form and the influence of atmospheric dynamics, as well as improvements in how detailed cloud processes are approximated in global models. Thi...

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Section: Psc Spatial and Temporal Distributions And Compositionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Caliop Versus Mipasmentioning

confidence: 96%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Polar Stratospheric Clouds: Satellite Observations, Processes, and Role in Ozone Depletion

Tritscher

Pitts

Poole

et al. 2021

Reviews of Geophysics

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“…Both effects can be observed at the MIPAS spectral resolution (Spang et al, 2004;Greenhough et al, 2005;Höpfner et al, 2006). Spectral signatures of polar stratospheric clouds can also be observed in MIPAS spectra (Höpfner et al, 2018). This means that, while on one hand cloud information can be extracted from MIPAS measurements, on the other hand cloud radiative effects can mask the spectral features of the target gases, strongly affecting their retrieval.…”

Section: Improved Cloud-filteringmentioning

confidence: 98%

Level 2 processor and auxiliary data for ESA Version 8 final full mission analysis of MIPAS measurements on ENVISAT

Raspollini

Arnone

Barbara

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Abstract. High quality long-term data sets of altitude-resolved measurements of the atmospheric composition are important because they can be used both to study the evolution of the atmosphere and as a benchmark for future missions. For the final ESA reprocessing of MIPAS (Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding) on ENVISAT (ENViromental SATellite) data, numerous improvements were implemented in the level 2 (L2) processor Optimised Retrieval Model (ORM) version 8.22 (V8) and its auxiliary data. The implemented changes involve all aspects of the processing chain, from the modelling of the measurements with the handling of the horizontal inhomogeneities along the line of sight to the use of the Optimal Estimation for retrieving the minor species, from a more sensitive approach to detect the spectra affected by clouds to a refined method for identifying low quality products. Improvements in the modelling of the measurements were obtained also with an update of the used spectroscopic data and of the databases providing the a priori knowledge of the atmosphere. The HITRAN_mipas_pf4.45 spectroscopic database was finalised with new spectroscopic data verified with MIPAS measurements themselves, while recently measured cross-sections were used for the heavy molecules. The so-called IG2 data set, containing the climatology used by MIPAS L2 processor to generate the initial guess and interfering species profiles when the retrieved profiles from previous scans are not available, was improved taking into account the diurnal variation of the profiles defined using climatologies from both measurements and models. Horizontal gradients were generated using ECMWF ERA-Interim data closest in time and space to the MIPAS data. Further improvements in the L2 V8 products derived from the use of the L1b V8 products, which were upgraded to reduce the instrumental temporal drift and to handle the abrupt changes in the calibration gain. The improvements introduced into the ORM V8 L2 processor and its upgraded auxiliary data, together with the use of the L1b V8 products, lead to the generation of the MIPAS L2 V8 products that are characterised by an increased accuracy, better temporal stability, and a greater number of retrieved species.

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“…Various climatologies of PSCs based on satellite measurements were published in the last years (Spang et al, 2018;Höpfner et al, 2018;Pitts et al, 2018). The application of machine learning for the detection of PSCs from satellite measurements has been discussed recently (Sedona et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mountain-wave induced polar stratospheric clouds and their representation in the global chemistry model ICON-ART

Weimer¹,

Schröter²,

Hoffmann³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. Polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) are a driver for ozone depletion in the lower polar stratosphere. They provide surfaces for heterogeneous reactions activating chlorine and bromine reservoir species during the polar night. PSCs are represented in current global chemistry-climate models, but one process is still a challenge: the representation of PSCs formed locally in conjunction with unresolved mountain waves. In this study, we present simulations with the ICOsahedral Nonhydrostatic modelling framework (ICON) with its extension for Aerosols and Reactive Trace gases (ART) that include local grid refinements (nesting) with two-way interaction. Here, the nesting is set up around the Antarctic Peninsula which is a well-known hot spot for the generation of mountain waves in the southern hemisphere. We compare our model results with satellite measurements from the Cloud-Aerosol LIdar with Orthogonal Polarisation (CALIOP) and the Atmospheric InfraRed Sounder (AIRS). We study a mountain wave event that took place from 19 to 29 July 2008 and find similar structures of PSCs as well as a fairly realistic development of the mountain wave in the Antarctic Peninsula nest. We compare a global simulation without nesting with the nested configuration to show the benefit. Although the mountain waves cannot be resolved adequately in the used global resolution (about 160 km), their effect from the nested regions (about 80 and 40 km) on the global domain is represented. Thus, we show in this study that by using the two-way nesting technique the gap between directly resolved mountain-wave induced PSCs and their representation and effect on chemistry in coarse global resolutions can be bridged by the ICON-ART model.

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The MIPAS/Envisat climatology (2002–2012) of polar stratospheric cloud volume density profiles

Cited by 7 publications

References 61 publications

Polar Stratospheric Clouds: Satellite Observations, Processes, and Role in Ozone Depletion

Polar Stratospheric Clouds: Satellite Observations, Processes, and Role in Ozone Depletion

Level 2 processor and auxiliary data for ESA Version 8 final full mission analysis of MIPAS measurements on ENVISAT

Mountain-wave induced polar stratospheric clouds and their representation in the global chemistry model ICON-ART

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