The microstructure of the stratum corneum lipid barrier: Mid-infrared spectroscopic studies of hydrated ceramide:palmitic acid:cholesterol model systems

Garidel, Patrick; Fölting, Bettina; Schaller, Ingrid; Kerth, Andreas

doi:10.1016/j.bpc.2010.03.008

Cited by 88 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…CS has fatty acids such as oleic acid, linoleic acid, and palmitic acid, which have anti-inflammatory effects, potentiates wound healing, and is a moisturizer. 40,41 Therefore, it is very useful as a cosmeceutical.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coriander Leaf Extract Exerts Antioxidant Activity and Protects Against UVB-Induced Photoaging of Skin by Regulation of Procollagen Type I and MMP-1 Expression

Hwang

Lee

Park

et al. 2014

Journal of Medicinal Food

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Ultraviolet (UV) radiation causes photodamage to the skin, which, in turn, leads to depletion of the dermal extracellular matrix and chronic alterations in skin structure. Skin wrinkles are associated with collagen synthesis and matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) activity. Coriandrum sativum L. (coriander leaf, cilantro; CS) has been used as a herbal medicine for the treatment of diabetes, hyperlipidemia, liver disease, and cancer. In this study, we examined whether CS ethanol extract (CSE) has protective effects against UVB-induced skin photoaging in normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) in vitro and in the skin of hairless mice in vivo. The main component of CSE, linolenic acid, was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. We measured the cellular levels of procollagen type I and MMP-1 using ELISA in NHDF cells after UVB irradiation. NHDF cells that were treated with CSE after UVB irradiation exhibited higher procollagen type I production and lower levels of MMP-1 than untreated cells. We found that the activity of transcription factor activator protein-1 (AP-1) was also inhibited by CSE treatment. We measured the epidermal thickness, dermal collagen fiber density, and procollagen type I and MMP-1 levels in photo-aged mouse skin in vivo using histological staining and western blot analysis. Our results showed that CSE-treated mice had thinner epidermal layers and denser dermal collagen fibers than untreated mice. On a molecular level, it was further confirmed that CSE-treated mice had lower MMP-1 levels and higher procollagen type I levels than untreated mice. Our results support the potential of C. sativum L. to prevent skin photoaging.

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Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coriander Leaf Extract Exerts Antioxidant Activity and Protects Against UVB-Induced Photoaging of Skin by Regulation of Procollagen Type I and MMP-1 Expression

Hwang

Lee

Park

et al. 2014

Journal of Medicinal Food

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“…Besides, the use of perdeuterated lipids allows the identification of the packing and miscibility of different lipids in a more complex mixture. 21 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 7 The buffer was prepared in deuterium-depleted water. Five freeze-and-thaw cycles, from 0 o C to 80 o C, were carried and the samples were incubated at 33 o C, for at least 4 weeks to ensure that the samples had reached a thermodynamically stable state.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chain Length of Free Fatty Acids Influences the Phase Behavior of Stratum Corneum Model Membranes

Ramos

Lafleur

2015

Langmuir

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The skin, the largest organ of the human body, forms a flexible interface between our internal and external environment that protects our organism from exogenous compounds as well as excessive water loss. The stratum corneum (SC), the outermost layer of mammal epidermis, is mainly responsible for the skin impermeability. The SC is formed by corneocytes embedded in a lipid matrix, which is mostly constituted of ceramides (Cer), free fatty acids (FFA), and cholesterol (Chol), organized in two coexisting crystalline lamellar phases. This arrangement of lipids is crucial to skin barrier function. The aim of this paper is to determine the impact of FFA chain length on the phase behavior of SC model lipid membranes using solid-state deuterium NMR and IR spectroscopy. We studied ternary mixtures of N-lignoceroyl-d-erythro-sphingosine (Cer24), cholesterol, and palmitic (FFA16) or lignoceric (FFA24) acid in an equimolar ratio. This proportion replicates the lipid composition found in the SC lipid matrix. Our studies revealed that the phase behavior of Cer24/FFA/Chol ternary mixtures is strongly affected by the length of the FFA. We found the formation of phase-separated crystalline lipid domains when using palmitic acid whereas the use of lignoceric acid results in a more homogeneous mixture. In addition, it was observed that mixtures with lignoceric acid form a gel phase, a very unusual feature for SC model mixtures.

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“…They are involved in many important physiological processes including apoptosis, differentiation, migration, adhesion, immune responses and cell senescence [1-6]. In the epidermis, ceramides (Cer) comprise the major constituent of sphingolipids and are known to play diverse roles in the outermost layers of the skin function such as water retention and provision of a physical barrier [7-10]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complete structural characterization of ceramides as [M−H]− ions by multiple-stage linear ion trap mass spectrometry

Hsu

2016

Biochimie

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Ceramide is a huge lipid family consisting of diversified structures including various modifications in the fatty acyl chain and the long chain base (LCB). In this contribution, negative-ion ESI linear ion-trap multiple-stage mass spectrometric method (LIT MSn) towards complete structural determination of ceramides in ten major families characterized as the [M – H]− ions is described. Multiple sets of fragment ions reflecting the fatty acyl chain and LCB were observed in the CID MS2 spectrum, while the sequential MS3 and MS4 spectra contain structural information for locating the double bond and the functional groups, permitting realization of the fragmentation processes. Thereby, differentiation of ceramide molecules varied by chain length, the LCB (sphingosine, phytosphigosine, 6-hydroxy-sphingosine), and by the modification (α-hydroxy-, β-hydroxy-, ω-hydroxy-FA) can be achieved; and many isomeric structures in the biological specimen can be revealed in detail.

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The microstructure of the stratum corneum lipid barrier: Mid-infrared spectroscopic studies of hydrated ceramide:palmitic acid:cholesterol model systems

Cited by 88 publications

References 57 publications

Coriander Leaf Extract Exerts Antioxidant Activity and Protects Against UVB-Induced Photoaging of Skin by Regulation of Procollagen Type I and MMP-1 Expression

Coriander Leaf Extract Exerts Antioxidant Activity and Protects Against UVB-Induced Photoaging of Skin by Regulation of Procollagen Type I and MMP-1 Expression

Chain Length of Free Fatty Acids Influences the Phase Behavior of Stratum Corneum Model Membranes

Complete structural characterization of ceramides as [M−H]− ions by multiple-stage linear ion trap mass spectrometry

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