The microbiome of otitis media with effusion in Indigenous Australian children

Jervis-Bardy, Joshua; Rogers, Geraint B.; Morris, Peter S.; Smith‐Vaughan, Heidi; Nosworthy, Elizabeth; Leong, Lex E. X.; Smith, Renee J.; Weyrich, Laura S.; Haan, Jacques De; Carney, A. Simon; Leach, Amanda J.; O’Leary, Stephen; Marsh, Robyn L.

doi:10.1016/j.ijporl.2015.07.013

Cited by 48 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…This study is novel for several reasons: (A) Most microbiome studies for (non-chronic) otitis media used nasopharyngeal and adenoid samples rather than middle ear fluid or swabs, and differences in microbial profiles according to sample source within the head and neck is known [8, 9]. (B) Previously middle ear microbiome studies were performed for chronic otitis media using a single sample and on 11 indigenous Australian children with effusive otitis media [10, 11]. (C) Comparison of microbiome findings according to human host genotype has only been done for a few diseases (e.g., cystic fibrosis, inflammatory bowel disease), but not otitis media [12, 13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Middle ear microbiome differences in indigenous Filipinos with chronic otitis media due to a duplication in the A2ML1 gene

et al. 2016

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BackgroundPreviously rare A2ML1 variants were identified to confer otitis media susceptibility in an indigenous Filipino community and in otitis-prone US children. The goal of this study is to describe differences in the middle ear microbiome between carriers and non-carriers of an A2ML1 duplication variant that increases risk for chronic otitis media among indigenous Filipinos with poor health care access.MethodsEar swabs were obtained from 16 indigenous Filipino individuals with chronic otitis media, of whom 11 carry the A2ML1 duplication variant. Ear swabs were submitted for 16S rRNA gene sequencing.ResultsGenotype-based differences in microbial richness, structure, and composition were identified, but were not statistically significant. Taxonomic analysis revealed that the relative abundance of the phyla Fusobacteria and Bacteroidetes, and genus Fusobacterium were nominally increased in carriers compared to non-carriers, but were non-significant after correction for multiple testing. We also detected rare bacteria including Oligella that was reported only once in the middle ear.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that A2ML1-related otitis media susceptibility may be mediated by changes in the middle ear microbiome. Knowledge of middle ear microbial profiles according to genetic background can be potentially useful for therapeutic and prophylactic interventions for otitis media and can guide public health interventions towards decreasing otitis media prevalence within the indigenous Filipino community.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40249-016-0189-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Middle ear microbiome differences in indigenous Filipinos with chronic otitis media due to a duplication in the A2ML1 gene

et al. 2016

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“…Bacterial community profiles obtained using culture and molecular-based techniques were compared, with the latter in particular providing novel insights into the microbiota of CSOM patients. While previous studies have described the microbiota of otitis media with effusion (31,32), there is limited information on the microbiota associated with CSOM (33).…”

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confidence: 99%

Molecular Microbiological Profile of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media

et al. 2016

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bChronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) presents with purulent otorrhea (ear discharge), is characterized by chronic inflammation of the middle ear and mastoid cavity, and contributes to a significant disease burden worldwide. Current antibiotic therapy is guided by swab culture results. In the absence of detailed molecular microbiology studies of CSOM patients, our current understanding of the microbiota of CSOM (and indeed of the healthy ear) remains incomplete. In this prospective study, 24 patients with CSOM were recruited, along with 22 healthy controls. Culture-based techniques and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing were used to profile the bacterial community for each patient. Comparisons between patients with and without cholesteatoma in the middle ear and mastoid cavity were also made. A major finding was that the middle ear of many healthy controls was not sterile, which is contradictory to the results of previous studies. However, sequencing data showed that Staphylococcus aureus, along with a range of other Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms, were present in all subgroups of CSOM and healthy controls. Large interpatient variability in the microbiota was observed within each subgroup of CSOM and controls, and there was no bacterial community "signature" which was characteristic of either health or disease. Comparisons of the culture results with the molecular data show that culture-based techniques underestimate the diversity of bacteria found within the ear. This study reports the first detailed examination of bacterial profiles of the ear in healthy controls and patients with CSOM.

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“…The pathogen reservoir hypothesis is also supported by another study in which 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed on middle ear fluid swabs, nasopharyngeal swabs and adenoid specimens from 11 indigenous children in Australia 21. It was observed that despite significant differences between the middle ear fluid, nasopharyngeal and adenoid microbiomes, H. influenzae , Streptococcus sp and Moraxella catarrhalis operational taxonomic units were common to all sample types 21.…”

Section: S Rrna Gene-based Pyrosequencingmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…It was observed that despite significant differences between the middle ear fluid, nasopharyngeal and adenoid microbiomes, H. influenzae , Streptococcus sp and Moraxella catarrhalis operational taxonomic units were common to all sample types 21. While these data support the pathogen reservoir hypothesis in regard to the adenoids, they also suggest that other environmental pressures distinguish these anatomical spaces.…”

Section: S Rrna Gene-based Pyrosequencingmentioning

confidence: 85%

Adenotonsillar microbiome: an update

Johnston

Douglas

2018

Postgraduate Medical Journal

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Pathogenic bacteria associated with the adenoids and tonsils cause much morbidity in the paediatric population. Hyperplasia of the adenoids is associated with otitis media with effusion and hyperplasia of the palatine tonsils is associated with both recurrent tonsillitis and obstructive sleep apnoea. Most current knowledge of the microbiology of the upper airways has been derived from culture-based studies, which usually reflect only a small fraction of the bacteria present on the mucosal surface. Culture-independent molecular surveys based on 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing are now being employed to determine the microbiota on the surface and within the tissue of adenoids and palatine tonsils. This review describes the new techniques applied in determining the microbiome and summarises the results of studies employing these techniques.

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The microbiome of otitis media with effusion in Indigenous Australian children

Cited by 48 publications

References 44 publications

Middle ear microbiome differences in indigenous Filipinos with chronic otitis media due to a duplication in the A2ML1 gene

Middle ear microbiome differences in indigenous Filipinos with chronic otitis media due to a duplication in the A2ML1 gene

Molecular Microbiological Profile of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media

Adenotonsillar microbiome: an update

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