The microbiome and its pharmacological targets: therapeutic avenues in cardiometabolic diseases

Neves, Ana Luísa; Chilloux, Julien; Sarafian, Magali; Rahim, Mohd Badrin Hanizam Abdul; Boulangé, Claire; Dumas, Marc

doi:10.1016/j.coph.2015.09.013

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Among the significantly increased organic acids, lactate [33], 3-phenyllactate [34], indole-3-lactate [35], β-hydroxybutyrate [36], and γ-aminobutyrate [37] are well-known scavengers of reactive oxygen species with high antioxidative activity. In addition, lactate [38], indole-3-lactate [39], β-hydroxybutyrate [40], γ-aminobutyrate [41, 42], and glycerol [43], which were found to have significantly increased after fermentation, in this study, are known to be antiinflammatory substances. Moreover, health benefits of fermented vegetables may not be limited to the antioxidative and antiinflammatory activities explored in this study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Metabolite profile changes and increased antioxidative and antiinflammatory activities of mixed vegetables after fermentation by Lactobacillus plantarum

Kim

Choi²,

Park³

et al. 2019

PLoS ONE

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Fermented vegetables have emerged as prebiotics with various health benefits. However, the possible mechanisms behind their health benefits are unclear. To relate the metabolite profile changes in fermented mixed vegetables with associated health benefits of fermented vegetables, we analyzed the metabolite profiles of mixed vegetables, before and after fermentation by Lactobacillus plantarum , using gas chromatography/time-of-flight–mass spectrometry (GC/TOF–MS). To analyze health benefits of fermented vegetables, antioxidative and antiinflammatory activities were measured using RAW 264.7 cells. Among 78 metabolites identified by GC/TOF–MS in this study, those significantly increased after fermentation include antioxidative and/or antiinflammatory agents such as lactate, 3-phennyllactate, indole-3-lactate, β-hydroxybutyrate, γ-aminobutyrate, and glycerol. These metabolites may have been either newly synthesized or depolymerized from high molecular weight polymers from vegetables during fermentation. This is the first metabolomics study to relate metabolite profile changes with increased health benefits of fermented vegetables.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Metabolite profile changes and increased antioxidative and antiinflammatory activities of mixed vegetables after fermentation by Lactobacillus plantarum

Kim

Choi²,

Park³

et al. 2019

PLoS ONE

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“…The gut microbiota produce active signaling molecules that interact with the metabolism of the host . The short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are produced by fermentation of dietary fibers by gut bacteria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The additional effects of a probiotic mix on abdominal adiposity and antioxidant Status: A double‐blind, randomized trial

Gomes

Sousa

Botelho

et al. 2016

Obesity

108

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Objective: To investigate whether a probiotic mix has additional effects when compared with an isolated dietary intervention on the body composition, lipid profile, endotoxemia, inflammation, and antioxidant profile. Methods: Women who had excess weight or obesity were recruited to a randomized, double-blind trial and received a probiotic mix (Lactobacillus acidophilus and casei; Lactococcus lactis; Bifidobacterium bifidum and lactis; 2 3 10 10 colony-forming units/day) (n 5 21) or placebo (n 5 22) for 8 weeks. Both groups received a dietary prescription. Body composition was assessed by anthropometry and dualenergy X-ray absorptiometry. The lipid profile, lipid accumulation product, plasma fatty acids, lipopolysaccharide, interleukin-6, interleukin-10, tumor necrosis factor-a, adiponectin, and the antioxidant enzymes activities were analyzed. Results: In comparison with the dietary intervention group, the dietary intervention 1 probiotic mix group showed a greater reduction in the waist circumference (23.40% vs. 25.48%, P 5 0.03), waist-height ratio (23.27% vs. 25.00%, P 5 0.02), conicity index (22.43% vs. 24.09% P 5 0.03), and plasma polyunsaturated fatty acids (5.65% vs. 218.63%, P 5 0.04) and an increase in the activity of glutathione peroxidase (216.67% vs. 15.62%, P < 0.01). Conclusions: Supplementation of a probiotic mix reduced abdominal adiposity and increased antioxidant enzyme activity in a more effective way than an isolated dietary intervention.

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“…However, a more recent study had contrasting results, with GPR41 knockout mice showing increased amounts of body fat and decreased energy expenditure in comparison with wild-type mice [ 39 ]. GPR43 activation is also thought to reduce fat accumulation and regulate energy metabolism by suppressing insulin sensitivity in adipose tissues and increasing insulin sensitivity in liver and muscle [ 9 , 11 ]. The gut microbiota also regulates the adaptive immune system in the gut and maintains colonic health in mice through the SCFA-dependent activation of GPR43 [ 40 ].…”

Section: Interactions Between Gut Microbes and Host Metabolism In Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the gut microbiota on inflammation, obesity, and metabolic disease

Boulangé¹,

et al. 2016

Self Cite

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The human gut harbors more than 100 trillion microbial cells, which have an essential role in human metabolic regulation via their symbiotic interactions with the host. Altered gut microbial ecosystems have been associated with increased metabolic and immune disorders in animals and humans. Molecular interactions linking the gut microbiota with host energy metabolism, lipid accumulation, and immunity have also been identified. However, the exact mechanisms that link specific variations in the composition of the gut microbiota with the development of obesity and metabolic diseases in humans remain obscure owing to the complex etiology of these pathologies. In this review, we discuss current knowledge about the mechanistic interactions between the gut microbiota, host energy metabolism, and the host immune system in the context of obesity and metabolic disease, with a focus on the importance of the axis that links gut microbes and host metabolic inflammation. Finally, we discuss therapeutic approaches aimed at reshaping the gut microbial ecosystem to regulate obesity and related pathologies, as well as the challenges that remain in this area.

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The microbiome and its pharmacological targets: therapeutic avenues in cardiometabolic diseases

Cited by 23 publications

References 66 publications

Metabolite profile changes and increased antioxidative and antiinflammatory activities of mixed vegetables after fermentation by Lactobacillus plantarum

Metabolite profile changes and increased antioxidative and antiinflammatory activities of mixed vegetables after fermentation by Lactobacillus plantarum

The additional effects of a probiotic mix on abdominal adiposity and antioxidant Status: A double‐blind, randomized trial

Impact of the gut microbiota on inflammation, obesity, and metabolic disease

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