The Microalga <i>Nannochloropsis</i> during Transition from Quiescence to Autotrophy in Response to Nitrogen Availability

Zienkiewicz, Agnieszka; Zienkiewicz, Krzysztof; Poliner, Eric; Pulman, Jane A.; Du, Zhi‐Yan; Stefano, Giovanni; Tsai, Ching‐Chih; Horn, Patrick J.; Feußner, Ivo; Farré, Eva M.; Childs, Kevin L.; Brandizzí, Federica; Benning, Christoph

doi:10.1104/pp.19.00854

Cited by 66 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 128 publications

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“…In the Stramenopila, microlipophagy-like engulfment of LDs into vacuoles was observed in Nannochloropsis oceanica, the marine oleaginous eustigmatophyte [143]. A biomolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assay indicated interaction between the major LD surface protein (LDSP) and the hallmark autophagy protein, AUTOPHAGY-RELATED8 (ATG8) [143]. Deletion of a predicted ATG8-interacting, conserved WxxI LIR motif in NoLDSP disrupted its association with ATG8 [143].…”

Section: Autophagymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A biomolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assay indicated interaction between the major LD surface protein (LDSP) and the hallmark autophagy protein, AUTOPHAGY-RELATED8 (ATG8) [143]. Deletion of a predicted ATG8-interacting, conserved WxxI LIR motif in NoLDSP disrupted its association with ATG8 [143]. The major lipid droplet protein of P. tricornutum, StLDP displays a similar hydrophobicity pattern to NoLDSP, though they differ in amino acid sequence [37].…”

Section: Autophagymentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Diatom Lipid Droplets

Leyland

Boussiba

Khozin‐Goldberg

2020

Biology

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The dynamic nutrient availability and photon flux density of diatom habitats necessitate buffering capabilities in order to maintain metabolic homeostasis. This is accomplished by the biosynthesis and turnover of storage lipids, which are sequestered in lipid droplets (LDs). LDs are an organelle conserved among eukaryotes, composed of a neutral lipid core surrounded by a polar lipid monolayer. LDs shield the intracellular environment from the accumulation of hydrophobic compounds and function as a carbon and electron sink. These functions are implemented by interconnections with other intracellular systems, including photosynthesis and autophagy. Since diatom lipid production may be a promising objective for biotechnological exploitation, a deeper understanding of LDs may offer targets for metabolic engineering. In this review, we provide an overview of diatom LD biology and biotechnological potential.

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Section: Autophagymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Autophagymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Diatom Lipid Droplets

Leyland

Boussiba

Khozin‐Goldberg

2020

Biology

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“…Microlipophagy-like degradation of LDs was observed as well in N. oceanica under NR conditions (Zienkiewicz et al, 2020). Moreover, by using a biomolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assay it was demonstrated that NoATG8 protein interacts in vivo with NoLDSP -a major LD surface protein in N. oceanica (Zienkiewicz et al, 2020). It has been proposed that this interaction might be involved in the targeting and/or fusion of LDs into the vacuole.…”

Section: Lipophagy-a New Player In the Fieldmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…LDs mobilization is an essential step during the transition of algal cells from quiescence to autotrophy in response to restored favorable growth conditions (Siaut et al, 2011;Tsai et al, 2018;Zienkiewicz et al, 2020). Thus, comparative transcriptomics between stress (N deprivation) and optimal (N resupply) growth conditions led to the identification of many putative TAG lipases highly expressed after triggering of the massive TAG degradation (Jaeger et al, 2017;Zienkiewicz et al, 2020). However, only a few of them have been functionally characterized to date ( Table 1).…”

Section: Lds Lipolysis-tag Lipases and Co-workersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After their complete formation, LDs separate from the ER membrane and localize to the cytosol ( Chapman and Ohlrogge, 2012 ; Murphy, 2012 ; Olzmann and Carvalho, 2019 ). LDs have been identified in cells of diverse organisms, including bacteria ( Zhang et al., 2017 ), yeast ( Grillitsch et al., 2011 ), algae ( Zienkiewicz et al., 2020 ), plants ( Tzen et al., 1993 ), nematodes ( O’Rourke et al., 2009 ), and mammals ( Birsoy et al., 2013 ). This indicates their highly conserved role in cellular lipid metabolism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Degradation of Lipid Droplets in Plants and Algae—Right Time, Many Paths, One Goal

Zienkiewicz

2020

Front. Plant Sci.

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In eukaryotic cells, lipids in the form of triacylglycerols (TAGs) are the major reservoir of cellular carbon and energy. These TAGs are packed into specialized organelles called lipid droplets (LDs). They can be found in most, if not all, types of cells, from bacteria to human. Recent data suggest that rather than being simple storage organelles, LDs are very dynamic structures at the center of cellular metabolism. This is also true in plants and algae, where LDs have been implicated in many processes including energy supply; membrane structure, function, trafficking; and signal transduction. Plant and algal LDs also play a vital role in human life, providing multiple sources of food and fuel. Thus, a lot of attention has been paid to metabolism and function of these organelles in recent years. This review summarizes the most recent advances on LDs degradation as a key process for TAGs release. While the initial knowledge on this process came from studies in oilseeds, the findings of the last decade revealed high complexity and specific mechanisms of LDs degradation in plants and algae. This includes identification of numerous novel proteins associated with LDs as well as a prominent role for autophagy in this process. This review outlines, systemizes, and discusses the most current data on LDs catabolism in plants and algae.

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Recent advances and fundamentals of microalgae cultivation technology

Rozenberg,

Sorokin,

Mukhambetova

et al. 2024

Biotechnology Journal

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Microalgae are considered to be a promising group of organisms for fuel production, waste processing, pharmaceutical applications, and as a source of food components. Unicellular algae are worth being considered because of their capacity to produce comparatively large amounts of lipids, proteins, and vitamins while requiring little room for growth. They can also grow on waste and fix CO2 and nitrogen compounds. However, production costs limit the industrial use of microalgae to the most profitable applications including micronutrient production and fish farming. Therefore, novel microalgae based technologies require an increase of the production efficiencies or values. Here we review the recent studies focused on getting strains with novel characteristics or cultivating techniques that improve production's robustness or efficiency and categorize these findings according to the fundamental factors that determine microalgae growth. Improvements of light and nutrient delivery, as well as other aspects of photobioreactor design, have shown the highest average increase in productivity. Other methods, such as an improvement of phosphorus or CO2 fixation and temperature adaptation have been found to be less effective. Furthermore, interactions with particular bacteria may promote the growth of microalgae, although bacterial and grazer contaminations must be managed to avoid culture failure. The competitiveness of the algal products will increase if these discoveries are applied to industrial settings.

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The Microalga Nannochloropsis during Transition from Quiescence to Autotrophy in Response to Nitrogen Availability

Cited by 66 publications

References 128 publications

A Review of Diatom Lipid Droplets

A Review of Diatom Lipid Droplets

Degradation of Lipid Droplets in Plants and Algae—Right Time, Many Paths, One Goal

Recent advances and fundamentals of microalgae cultivation technology

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