The methanolic extract of Moringa oleifera attenuates CCl4 induced hepatonephro toxicity in the male rat.

Abstract

Carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ) causes severe injury to the body particularly the liver and the kidney. The aim of the present study was testing the probable hepatonephro protective effect of Moringa oleifera seed methanolic extract against CCl 4 toxicity in male rat. 24 male rats were divided into 4 groups (n=6); the first group (G1) was the negative control group, rats of the other three groups were injected with CCl 4 twice a week. Rats of the second group (G2) were kept without treatment as positive CCl 4 group, the third group (G3) received a daily dose of M. oleifera methanolic extract and the fourth group (G4) received a silymarin dose as a positive treated group. The HPLC analysis of M. oleifera seed methanolic extract revealed that it is rich in ascorbic and oleic acids. Rats of the CCl 4 positive control group showed an increase in kidney and liver injury markers, interleukin-6, bilirubin and lipid peroxidation, and a decrease in antioxidants activity and total protein. In addition, liver and kidney tissues showed drastic histopathological changes. Treating the CCl 4 hepatonephrotoxicity in G3 and G4 with either M. oleifera seed methanolic extract or silymarin, respectively significantly alleviated all altered biochemical and histological changes approaching the normal values. M. oleifera methanolic extract revealed more protection to liver and kidney in G3 than silymarin in G4. This protecting activity of M. oleifera seed methanolic extract against CCl 4 hepatonephrotoxicity may be ascribed to its high content of phenols and flavonoids, in addition to ascorbic acid and oleic acid.

Green coffee methanolic extract and silymarin protect against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in albino male rats

“…In the present study, CCl 4 -induced hepatic toxicity increased the inflammation and the oxidative stress as revealed by the increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) and IL-6 levels. This result is in agreement with that of Li et al [ 44 ], Al-Seeni et al [ 6 ] and Elbakry et al [ 7 ]. The overproduction of free radicals increased the level of lipid peroxidation followed by the formation of adducts with nucleic acids and cellular proteins that eventually diminished the function of hepatocytes [ 9 ].…”

“…The histopathology of the liver of the CCl 4 -induced hepatic toxicity group (G2) showed injured hepatic tissues that led to the significant elevation of these liver function parameters in serum. Also, the total protein (TP) level was reduced in the CCl 4 rats showing the pulverization in the quantity of hepatic cells, which may result in a diminished hepatic ability to synthesize proteins [ 6 , 7 , 29 ]. Whereas the administration of the green coffee methanolic extract, silymarin, or their combination significantly and advantageously improved serum levels of these liver function parameters approaching them to the negative control group levels.…”

“…The acclimatized rats were divided into five groups as follows: negative control group (G1) that received only the vehicle (olive oil), and the other four rat groups received a single dose of CCl4 (1 ml/kg bw) dissolved in olive oil (1:1 volume) in the 1st and 4th day every week of the experiment through an intraperitoneal (IP) injection [ 6 ] then they were divided into four groups as follows: untreated positive control group (G2), and three treated groups (G3, G4 and G5) with IP. The third group (G3) was treated with a daily dose of 5 ml/kg of 20% green coffee methanolic extract [ 7 ] using oral gavage, the fourth group (G4) was treated with 0.05 g/kg of silymarin [ 7 ] and the fifth group (G5) was treated with 0.05 g/kg of silymarin and 5 ml/kg of 20% green coffee methanolic extract, respectively for 30 days. All animal experiments were approved by The Ethical Committee of Mansoura University.…”

“…Carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ) is broadly used to induce liver damage in animal models for experimental purposes, since it is assorted as a hepatotoxin [ 4 – 7 ]. This chemical was successfully applied to rats [ 5 – 8 ], mice [ 9 ], and birds [ 10 ].…”

“…Many natural products have been assigned as antioxidants and they showed protective effects against CCl 4 -induced hepatotoxicity, e.g. Lycium barbarum in mice [ 5 ], olive oil and Nigella sativa oil in male rats [ 6 ] and Moringa oleifera in rats [ 7 ]. In this context, the flavonoid silymarin is broadly used in cases of hepatic diseases because of its significant antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities [ 11 , 12 ].…”