The Metastatic Cascade as the Basis for Liquid Biopsy Development

Eslami-S, Zahra; Cortés‐Hernández, Luis Enrique; Alix‐Panabières, Catherine

doi:10.3389/fonc.2020.01055

Cited by 36 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 87 publications

(100 reference statements)

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“…Multiphoton imaging techniques utilize long wavelengths of light pulsed from lasers to excite molecules in a limited focal plane through the simultaneous absorption of two or three photons, and have a very important role in metastasis detection. [ 66 ] The most important advantage of this method over conventional single‐photon methods is that the exploitation of a long wavelength of light provides deeper tissue penetration, resulting into more detailed evaluation through the deepness of tissue. Although multiphoton microscopy for intravital imaging offers several advantages, the rather high cost of the necessary equipment and its still limited tissue penetration push research toward alternative imaging technique, [ 67 ] such as the real‐time whole‐body fluorescent imaging.…”

Section: Common Assays For the Evaluation Of Cancer Metastasis And Angiogenesis Progressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanotechnology‐Based Strategies to Evaluate and Counteract Cancer Metastasis and Neoangiogenesis

Şen

Emanet

Ciofani

2021

Adv Healthcare Materials

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Cancer metastasis is the major cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. It represents one of the greatest challenges in cancer therapy, both because of the ability of metastatic cells to spread into different organs, and because of the consequent heterogeneity that characterizes primary and metastatic tumors. Nanomaterials can potentially be used as targeting or detection agents owing to unique chemical and physical features that allow tailored and tunable theranostic functions. This review highlights nanomaterial-based approaches in the detection and treatment of cancer metastasis, with a special focus on the evaluation of nanostructure effects on cell migration, invasion, and angiogenesis in the tumor microenvironment.

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Section: Common Assays For the Evaluation Of Cancer Metastasis And Angiogenesis Progressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanotechnology‐Based Strategies to Evaluate and Counteract Cancer Metastasis and Neoangiogenesis

Şen

Emanet

Ciofani

2021

Adv Healthcare Materials

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“… Differences between liquid biopsies and conventional tissue biopsies. Image partially created with BioRender.com and modified from Eslami-S et al [ 14 ]. …”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Technical Challenges for CTC Implementation in Breast Cancer

Ramos-Medina

López-Tarruella

Monte-Millán

et al. 2021

Cancers

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Breast cancer is the most common neoplasm in women worldwide. Tissue biopsy, currently the gold standard to obtain tumor molecular information, is invasive and might be affected by tumor heterogeneity rendering it incapable to portray the complete dynamic picture by the absence of specific genetic changes during the evolution of the disease. In contrast, liquid biopsy can provide unique opportunities for real-time monitoring of disease progression, treatment response and for studying tumor heterogeneity combining the information of DNA that tumors spread in the blood (circulating tumor DNA) with CTCs analysis. In this review, we analyze the technical and biological challenges for isolation and characterization of circulating tumor cells from breast cancer patients. Circulating tumor cell (CTC) enumeration value is included in numerous clinical studies due to the prognostic’s role of these cells. Despite this, there are so many questions pending to answer. How to manage lymphocytes background, how to distinguish the CTCs subtypes or how to work with frozen samples, are some of the issues that will discuss in this review. Based on our experience, we try to address these issues and other technical limitations that should be solved to optimize the standardization of protocols, sample extraction procedures, circulating-tumor material isolation (CTCs vs. ctDNA) and the very diverse methodologies employed, aiming to consolidate the use of CTCs in the clinic. Furthermore, we think that new approaches focusing on isolation CTCs in other body fluids such as cerebrospinal or ascitic fluid are necessary to increase the opportunities of circulating tumor cells in the practice clinic as well as to study the promising role of CTC clusters and their prognostic value in metastatic breast cancer.

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“…In order for a solid carcinoma to grow and eventually metastasize, cells of a particular tissue must first acquire features that enable aberrant survival and rapid division and then must acquire additional hallmark features that enable local movement and systemic spread throughout the body. The growth of the primary tumor and the metastatic cascade can be broken into four main categories: primary tumor growth, invasion, survival in circulation, and overt metastasis [3]. In the first step, cancer cells evade antiproliferative and apoptotic signals typical of a tissue in homeostasis [4].…”

Section: Primary Tumor Growth and Metastatic Progressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Magnetic Techniques for Investigating Cancer Progression

Libring

Enríquez

Lee

et al. 2021

Cancers

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Worldwide, there are currently around 18.1 million new cancer cases and 9.6 million cancer deaths yearly. Although cancer diagnosis and treatment has improved greatly in the past several decades, a complete understanding of the complex interactions between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment during primary tumor growth and metastatic expansion is still lacking. Several aspects of the metastatic cascade require in vitro investigation. This is because in vitro work allows for a reduced number of variables and an ability to gather real-time data of cell responses to precise stimuli, decoupling the complex environment surrounding in vivo experimentation. Breakthroughs in our understanding of cancer biology and mechanics through in vitro assays can lead to better-designed ex vivo precision medicine platforms and clinical therapeutics. Multiple techniques have been developed to imitate cancer cells in their primary or metastatic environments, such as spheroids in suspension, microfluidic systems, 3D bioprinting, and hydrogel embedding. Recently, magnetic-based in vitro platforms have been developed to improve the reproducibility of the cell geometries created, precisely move magnetized cell aggregates or fabricated scaffolding, and incorporate static or dynamic loading into the cell or its culture environment. Here, we will review the latest magnetic techniques utilized in these in vitro environments to improve our understanding of cancer cell interactions throughout the various stages of the metastatic cascade.

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The Metastatic Cascade as the Basis for Liquid Biopsy Development

Cited by 36 publications

References 87 publications

Nanotechnology‐Based Strategies to Evaluate and Counteract Cancer Metastasis and Neoangiogenesis

Nanotechnology‐Based Strategies to Evaluate and Counteract Cancer Metastasis and Neoangiogenesis

Technical Challenges for CTC Implementation in Breast Cancer

In Vitro Magnetic Techniques for Investigating Cancer Progression

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