The Metagenomic Analysis of Potential Pathogenic Emerging Bacteria in Fleas

Rombot, Dina V.; Semuel, Mokosuli Yermia

doi:10.3923/pjbs.2021.1084.1090

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…gambiae to act as a biological bacterial vector through injected saliva consistent with previous reports of Rickettsia felis in An. gambiae ( Dieme et al, 2015 ) and in common with several other blood feeding arthropods such as ticks, lice and fleas ( Victoria and Yermia Sem, 2021 ). Indeed, given the established role of Serratia in multidrug-resistant bacterial infections ( Iguchi et al, 2014 ) and the mosquito to mammalian transfer of Serratia shown here, the possible role of mosquitoes as a source of such infections seems worthy of further investigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anopheline mosquito saliva contains bacteria that are transferred to a mammalian host through blood feeding

Accoti,

Damiani,

Nunzi

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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IntroductionMalaria transmission occurs when Plasmodium sporozoites are transferred from the salivary glands of anopheline mosquitoes to a human host through the injection of saliva. The need for better understanding, as well as novel modes of inhibiting, this key event in transmission has driven intense study of the protein and miRNA content of saliva. Until now the possibility that mosquito saliva may also contain bacteria has remained an open question despite the well documented presence of a rich microbiome in salivary glands.MethodsUsing both 16S rRNA sequencing and MALDI-TOF approaches, we characterized the composition of the saliva microbiome of An. gambiae and An. stephensi mosquitoes which respectively represent two of the most important vectors for the major malaria-causing parasites P. falciparum and P. vivax.ResultsTo eliminate the possible detection of non-mosquito-derived bacteria, we used a transgenic, fluorescent strain of one of the identified bacteria, Serratiamarcescens, to infect mosquitoes and detect its presence in mosquito salivary glands as well as its transfer to, and colonization of, mammalian host tissues following a mosquito bite. We also showed that Plasmodium infection modified the mosquito microbiota, increasing the presence of Serratia while diminishing the presence of Elizabethkingia and that both P. berghei and Serratia were transferred to, and colonized mammalian tissues.DiscussionThese data thus document the presence of bacteria in mosquito saliva, their transfer to, and growth in a mammalian host as well as possible interactions with Plasmodium transmission. Together they raise the possible role of mosquitoes as vectors of bacterial infection and the utility of commensal mosquito bacteria for the development of transmission-blocking strategies within a mammalian host.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anopheline mosquito saliva contains bacteria that are transferred to a mammalian host through blood feeding

Accoti,

Damiani,

Nunzi

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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“…3,10 Firmicutes are abundant as larvae and considered early colonizers, but as they mature into adults, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes take over. 15 Enterobacter, Providence, Pseudomonas, Lactococcus, Klebsiella, Bacillus, and Acinetobacter were among the bacteria isolated from the guts of housefly larvae. 14 ,16 In this study, no bacteria were found that had similar species to the group of bacteria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16S rRNA gene amplification was carried out using primers: 16sA (5'CGC CTG TTT AAC AAA AAC AT 3') (Foward), 16sB2 (5'TTT AAT CCA ACA TCG AGG 3') (Reverse). 15 PCR amplification was performed with 2x MyTaq HS Red Mis Bioline PCR components 25µl; 10 pmol primer consists: 1µl forward primer, 1µl reverse primer, 2µl DNA template, and 21µl ddH 2 O. On the other hand, the PCR conditions used 35x cycles with Denaturation at 94 (°C for 60 seconds), annealing at 50 (°C for 30 seconds), extension at 72 (°C for 30 seconds), and final extension at 72 (°C for 70 seconds).…”

Section: Extraction Pcr and Sequencingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Forest Isolates (H.T.). 0.8% agarose gel Loaded DNA ladder per lane: 0.2 g Sample volume loaded per lane: 1µL for each 100 bp DNA Ladder (bp): 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 1500 100 bp DNA Ladder (ng/0.2ug):16,16,14,16, 34,12, 11,16,16, 20, 29 The DNA ladder cannot be used to compare the sizes of nonlinear DNA samples, such as plasmid DNA smallest was in the bacteria from the hospital (Table2).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Bacterial Species Associate on the Body Surface of Musca domestica L from Various Habitats based on 16S rRNA Sequencing

Rombot¹,

Mokosuli²,

Kanan³

2023

J. Pure Appl. Microbiol.

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This study aims to identify bacteria isolated from the body surface of house flies from various habitats using 16S rRNA molecular barcodes. Houseflies were isolated from forests, hospitals, traditional markets, modern markets and landfills. 25 house flies isolated in each habitat. House flies were preserved in sterile bags. Bacterial isolation was carried out using nutrient agar media in 100 mm Petri dishes. The isolates obtained were pure cultured until a single isolate was obtained. Single isolates were extracted using Geneaid’s Presto TM Mini gDNA Bacteria Kit. The extracted bacterial total DNA was used as a template for amplification using primer 16s rRNA gene by PCR method. Nucleotide sequencing uses Singapore’s First BASE sequencing service. The results showed that single-house fly isolates from the Fish Auction (P.L.) showed a 99.11% similarity with Sphingobacterium faecium [CP094931.1]. Traditional market bacterial isolates (P.T.) showed 97% similarity with Pseudochrobactrum sp. XF203. Hospital bacterial isolates (R.S.) showed 99.11% similarity with S. faecium [CP094931.1]. Bacterial isolates from residential areas (PM) showed 99% similarity with Brucella abortus RB51-AHVLA. Bacterial isolates from the forest (H.T.) showed 94% similarity with Bacillus paralicheniformis [CP043501.1]. There are associated bacteria that are used as biotechnology agents. Exploration of bacteria and even microbes associated with M. domestica is still extensive to be studied in the future.

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