The Metabolic Syndrome, Insulin Resistance, and Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Patients

Abstract

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been developed in the last three decades. Discover an effective solution is necessary to manage and prevent this disease. Physical activity and exercise training is an effective way for metabolic syndrome risk factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. However, there are some uncertainties in effects of Circuit Resistance Training (CRT) program on patients T2DM. The purpose of this study is to investigation the effect of 8 weeks of Circuit resistance training (CRT) on metabolic syndrome and body composition in women over age 50 with T2DM.Twenty women over 50 years old with diabetes Referred to diabetes Center of 17 Shahrivar hospital in Amol and they were divided randomly into two groups; Circuit resistance (n=10) and Control (n=10). Resistance training consisted of 10 stations for 8 weeks and 3 sessions per week (Intensity 60-80% 1RM). Levels of Lipid profile and body composition before and after eight weeks training in both groups were measured. Statistical analysis of the data was carried out by SPSS (v. 22).Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) levels (P=0.021), Triglycerides (0.010), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (0.042), significant decreased in CRT. Also after 8 weeks circuit resistance training, BMI (P= 0.003), WHR (P=0.004) and body fat present (0.019) significant decreased in CRT.According to our results, CRT was an effective approach to improve the Anthropometrics, FBS, lipid profile in women over age 50 with diabetes mellitus type 2. Moreover, CRT did have influence on LDL level.

The metabolic syndrome in elderly individuals is associated with greater muscular, but not elastic arterial stiffness, independent of low-grade inflammation, endothelial dysfunction or insulin resistance—The Hoorn Study

“…[24][25][26] This could potentially be explained by the observations that women with the MetS had stiffer arteries, 7,11,27 greater left ventricular mass and greater impairment of left ventricular function, 51,52 as compared with their male counterparts. In our study, however, no clear difference existed between men and women with regard to arterial stiffness, despite a single significant interaction term between the MetS and sex for the femoral compliance coefficient.…”

“…5,[18][19][20] This raises the question whether IR, lowgrade inflammation or ED mediate the association between the MetS and arterial stiffness. 7,[21][22][23] Finally, several studies 13,[24][25][26] suggest that the association with CVD in the MetS may be stronger in women than in men, thus raising the question whether the impact of the MetS on arterial stiffness is also stronger in women than in men. 7,11,27 In view of these considerations, the purpose of this study was: (1) to examine in a population-based cohort of elderly individuals the association(s) between the MetS and arterial stiffness of both elastic and muscular arteries; (2) to examine whether any such associations were mediated by low-grade inflammation, IR or ED; and (3) to examine whether any association between the MetS and arterial stiffness is stronger in women than in men.…”

Síndrome Metabólica, seus fenótipos e resistência à insulina pelo HOMA-RI

“…Quando comparamos sujeitos com e sem SM, tal como definida pelo NCEP-ATPIII (4), que não requer medida direta da RI, os valores de HOMA-RI foram significativamente maiores entre os indivíduos portadores da síndrome, achado também referido por outros autores (17)(18)(19)(20).…”

“…(20), com um salto de maior significância entre indivíduos com dois e com três componentes isolados (p = 0,023).…”

“…Dispersões elevadas, entre 50,0% e 90,6%, são referidas em vários trabalhos publicados, envolvendo uma diversidade de métodos, alguns deles com número amostral bem maior que o nosso (20,(25)(26)(27).…”