The Metabolic Properties of the Fission Products and Actinide Elements

Hamilton, Joseph G.

doi:10.2172/978859

Cited by 7 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 1 publication

(1 reference statement)

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“…The Gd dose-response curves for male and female quail 18 hr after injection are shown in Figure 1. For male quail, the liver content of 153 Gd increased with increasing doses of Gd to a plateau for .15 and 1.5 Mmol Gd/100 g. The mean accumulation per liver for doses of .15 and 1.5 Mmol/100 g was 62.5%, thus approximating the 40 to 80% accumulations of various lanthanides as reported for the livers of rats (Hamilton, 1948;Durbin et al, 1956;Magnusson, 1963;Oberdisse et al, 1979) and mice (Laszlo et al, 1952). (The 15 Mmol/100 g group for the males consisted of the 3 survivors of 14 male quail given this dose level, so a firm comparison with other groups was not possible.)…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 52%

“…144 Ce has been used in many studies, for example, as an in vivo label in mammalian tissues (Hamilton, 1948;Durbin et ah, 1956) and as a feed-stuff label in rumen studies (review: Kotb and Luckey, 1972). The emission characteristics of 144 Ce/ I44 Pr would provide for ready quantities in studies of several months duration where samples were also labeled with 153 Gd.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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153Gadolinium as a Useful Radiolanthanide for Long-Term Labeling of Tissues in Japanese Quail

et al. 1981

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153Gadolinium (153Gd), with gamma energies of 97 keV (30%) and 103 keV (20%), and a nuclear-life of 242 days and with no primary charged particles, was selected as the radiolanthanide for labeling proteins and tissues in Japanese quail. Ranges of dose-responses 18 hr after giving Gd (153Gd labeled) were: males, livers 24.4% for .00015 mumol/100 g to 63.8% for .15 mumol/100 g; laying females, livers 6.5% for .00015 mumol/100 g to 72.7% for 15 mumol/100 g and growing oocytes 83.2% for .00015 mumol/100 g to 6.4% for 15 mumol/100 g. Accumulation of .015 mumol/100 g doses of 153Gd in tissues common to both sexes were greater in males than in females at 1, 6, and 18 hr. The exception was the pancreas, where for all three sampling times the percentages for females were twice those for males. Comparison of 153Gd with 140lanthanum (140La) showed 18-hr levels of 27%/g liver in males and 1.6%/g liver and 11.8%/g growing oocyte in females for both nuclides. Double-labeling with 153Gd and 144cerium (144Ce) showed that a near-toxic dose of La (15 mumol/100 g) caused a marked decrease in labeling of growing oocytes (e.g., largest oocyte, La-treated females, Gd 14.6%, Ce 6.1%; controls Gd 42.2%, Ce 35.5%) and a marked increase in labeling of livers (La-treated, Gd 51.2%, Ce 43.3%; controls; Gd 7.62%, Ce 4.75%).

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

153Gadolinium as a Useful Radiolanthanide for Long-Term Labeling of Tissues in Japanese Quail

et al. 1981

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“…Autunite, Ca(U0 2 ) 2 (P0 4 ) 2 • 10-12H 2 O (CRC Handbook, 1978, could be such an ingredient. In view of the effectiveness of the gastrointestinal tract as a natural barrier to the absorption of U into the internal environment (Hamilton 1948), no harmful or undesirable effects are expected or attributed to the presence of this U in these animal feeds, neither for the animals, nor for the people handling the feeds, nor for the people eating food products such as eggs and meat. The hazard, if such exists, may be for persons processing the phosphate rock (Boothe, 1977;Lardinoye et al, 1982).…”

Section: -Uranium VImentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Uranium and thorium deposit in various avian and mammalian tissues (Hamilton, 1948;Prister, 1969;Hamilton, 1972), particularly bone. Uranium is deposited in the eggs of hens (Welford and Baird, 1967;Prister, 1969;Hamilton, 1972), geese (Rezanov, 1969), and fish (Till et al, 1976).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Uranium is deposited in the eggs of hens (Welford and Baird, 1967;Prister, 1969;Hamilton, 1972), geese (Rezanov, 1969), and fish (Till et al, 1976). The accumulation of actinides in tissues is of interest, because although less than 1% of ingested actinide may be absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract (Hamilton, 1948;Sullivan, 1980;Poston, 1982), a considerable accumulation may occur over the lifetime of an animal living in an area where uranium is found (Hamilton, 1972). In the present study, comparisons of the distributions of intravenously administered U(III), U(VI), Th(IV), and Gd(III) ions among the oocytes and other tissues of Japanese quail and among the components of eggs laid, are made.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Comparison of the Distributions of the Actinides Uranium and Thorium with the Lanthanide Gadolinium in the Tissues and Eggs of Japanese Quail: Concentrations of Uranium in Feeds and Foods

1984

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Japanese quail were given UCl3 , UO2 (NO3)2, Th(NO3)4, or GdCl3 ( 153Gd -labeled) intravenously in aqueous solution. Distribution of Th among the tissues was as for Gd; distributions of U(III) and U(VI) were markedly different. For example, 18 hr after a 1.5 mumol/100 g dose, accumulations in females were: growing oocytes, U(III) 2.0%, U(VI) 2.4%, Th 27.7%, Gd 44.7%; leg bones, U(III) 12.5%, U(VI) 14.1%, Th 1.2%, Gd 1.4%; liver, U(III) 1.1%, U(VI) 1.1%, Th 44.0%, Gd 40.2%. Whole body losses by 18 hr were: females, U 24%, Th 14%, Gd 4%; males, U 72%, Th 23%, Gd 1%. Cumulative depositions in yolks of eggs laid over 8 days were: U(III) 1.9%, U(VI) 1.7%, Th 57.3%, Gd 46.8%. The distribution of U in quail may be atypical of actinides . Concentrations of U in various feeds, foods, and mineral supplements ranged from 169 micrograms/g in a phosphate fertilizer for farm use to below the lower detectable limit of .01 microgram/g in many foods intended for human use. Two batches of the game bird laying ration supplied to the quail colony contained 3.05 and 4.42 micrograms U/g. Body burdens of 3.5 micrograms U/bird for noninjected quail were attributed to the U content of this feed.

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