The Membranome and Membrane Heredity in Development and Evolution

Cavalier‐Smith, Thomas

doi:10.1201/9780203508930.ch15

Cited by 70 publications

(34 citation statements)

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“…In each case protein self-complementarity must enable each to recognize and insert itself: the basic principle of membrane heredity (Cavalier-Smith 2000, 2004b, just as nucleotide complementarity is of nucleic acid inheritance. Since these membrane-identity determinants are encoded by DNA, DNA heredity is also essential for membrane heredity.…”

Section: Broader Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Origin of the five macromolecular complexes responsible for import (Endo et al 2003;Wiedemann et al 2004a;Habib et al 2005), with about 50 different proteins, is the most fundamental aspect of mitochondrial origins still wanting satisfactory explanation. Here I explain the evolutionary origin of mitochondrial protein-targeting machinery, building on recent discoveries of how components are themselves targeted (Endo et al 2003;Pfanner et al 2004;Wiedemann et al 2004a;Habib et al 2005) and principles of membrane heredity (Cavalier-Smith 2000, 2004b. The origin of mitochondria involved acquisition of a foreign genome and, more importantly, a foreign membranome (Cavalier-Smith 2004b; the negibacterial envelope: Cavalier -Smith 1983), from which evolved two novel genetic membranes, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here I explain the evolutionary origin of mitochondrial protein-targeting machinery, building on recent discoveries of how components are themselves targeted (Endo et al 2003;Pfanner et al 2004;Wiedemann et al 2004a;Habib et al 2005) and principles of membrane heredity (Cavalier-Smith 2000, 2004b. The origin of mitochondria involved acquisition of a foreign genome and, more importantly, a foreign membranome (Cavalier-Smith 2004b; the negibacterial envelope: Cavalier -Smith 1983), from which evolved two novel genetic membranes, i.e. membranes arising by growth and division of membranes of the same type (Cavalier-Smith 2004b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The origin of mitochondria involved acquisition of a foreign genome and, more importantly, a foreign membranome (Cavalier-Smith 2004b; the negibacterial envelope: Cavalier -Smith 1983), from which evolved two novel genetic membranes, i.e. membranes arising by growth and division of membranes of the same type (Cavalier-Smith 2004b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Origin of mitochondria by intracellular enslavement of a photosynthetic purple bacterium

2006

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Mitochondria originated by permanent enslavement of purple non-sulphur bacteria. These endosymbionts became organelles through the origin of complex protein-import machinery and insertion into their inner membranes of protein carriers for extracting energy for the host. A chicken-and-egg problem exists: selective advantages for evolving import machinery were absent until inner membrane carriers were present, but this very machinery is now required for carrier insertion. I argue here that this problem was probably circumvented by conversion of the symbiont protein-export machinery into protein-import machinery, in three phases. I suggest that the first carrier entered the periplasmic space via pre-existing b-barrel proteins in the bacterial outer membrane that later became Tom40, and inserted into the inner membrane probably helped by a pre-existing inner membrane protein, thereby immediately providing the protoeukaryote host with photosynthesate. This would have created a powerful selective advantage for evolving more efficient carrier import by inserting Tom70 receptors. Massive gene transfer to the nucleus inevitably occurred by mutation pressure. Finally, pressure from harmful, non-selected gene transfer to the nucleus probably caused evolution of the presequence mechanism, and photosynthesis was lost.

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Section: Broader Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Origin of mitochondria by intracellular enslavement of a photosynthetic purple bacterium

2006

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“…On that interpretation the single surface membrane in posibacteria, archaebacteria and eukaryotes is a derived evolutionary condition that arose by losing the OM (figure 1). That the first cells were double-enveloped negibacteria and that their OM was lost only once in the history of life are not new ideas (Blobel 1980;Cavalier-Smith 1987a,b, 1991a, 2001, 2002a, 2004a, but is increasingly favoured by these new polarizations of major evolutionary transitions and new evidence for monophyly of Posibacteria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell evolution and Earth history: stasis and revolution

Cavalier‐Smith

2006

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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This synthesis has three main parts. The first discusses the overall tree of life and nature of the last common ancestor (cenancestor). I emphasize key steps in cellular evolution important for ordering and timing the major evolutionary innovations in the history of the biosphere, explaining especially the origins of the eukaryote cell and of bacterial flagella and cell envelope novelties. Second, I map the tree onto the fossil record and discuss dates of key events and their biogeochemical impact. Finally, I present a broad synthesis, discussing evidence for a three-phase history of life. The first phase began perhaps ca 3.5 Gyr ago, when the origin of cells and anoxic photosynthesis generated the arguably most primitive prokaryote phylum, Chlorobacteria (ZChloroflexi), the first negibacteria with cells bounded by two acyl ester phospholipid membranes. After this 'chlorobacterial age' of benthic anaerobic evolution protected from UV radiation by mineral grains, two momentous quantum evolutionary episodes of cellular innovation and microbial radiation dramatically transformed the Earth's surface: the glycobacterial revolution initiated an oxygenic 'age of cyanobacteria' and, as the ozone layer grew, the rise of plankton; immensely later, probably as recently as ca 0.9 Gyr ago, the neomuran revolution ushered in the 'age of eukaryotes', Archaebacteria (arguably the youngest bacterial phylum), and morphological complexity. Diversification of glycobacteria ca 2.8 Gyr ago, predominantly inhabiting stratified benthic mats, I suggest caused serial depletion of 13 C by ribulose 1,5-bis-phosphate caboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) to yield ultralight late Archaean organic carbon formerly attributed to methanogenesis plus methanotrophy. The late origin of archaebacterial methanogenesis ca 720 Myr ago perhaps triggered snowball Earth episodes by slight global warming increasing weathering and reducing CO 2 levels, to yield runaway cooling; the origin of anaerobic methane oxidation ca 570 Myr ago reduced methane flux at source, stabilizing Phanerozoic climates. I argue that the major cellular innovations exhibit a pattern of quantum evolution followed by very rapid radiation and then substantial stasis, as described by Simpson. They yielded organisms that are a mosaic of extremely conservative and radically novel features, as characterized by De Beer's phrase 'mosaic evolution'. Evolution is not evenly paced and there are no real molecular clocks.

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The developmental construction of heredity

Jablonka

2007

Developmental Psychobiology

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Through his empirical and theoretical work, Gottlieb advanced a sophisticated and integrated view of development, which he saw as a probabilistic process of construction involving bidirectional interactions between structures and functions, and the phenotypic accommodation of the organism to changing environmental conditions. Gottlieb developed these ideas within a broad framework that went beyond the lifecycle of the individual. From his perspective as a developmental psychologist, he contributed to a way of thinking about evolutionary processes that stresses the importance and primacy of the modifications that occur during development. Through their long-term effects on physiology and behavior, environmentally induced, developmental modifications may contribute to the reconstruction of an animal's developmental and ecological niches, and therefore affect the conditions in which it and its offspring are selected. Gottlieb stressed in particular the effects of prenatal and early postnatal conditions on the development of behavior, and their long-term effects on the individual and its descendants. In this essay, I consider how the development-oriented focus that was central to Gottlieb's perspective affects evolutionary theorizing, and, more specifically, I discuss the special status of behaviorally driven evolution. ß 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 49: 808-817, 2007.

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The Membranome and Membrane Heredity in Development and Evolution

Cited by 70 publications

References 0 publications

Origin of mitochondria by intracellular enslavement of a photosynthetic purple bacterium

Origin of mitochondria by intracellular enslavement of a photosynthetic purple bacterium

Cell evolution and Earth history: stasis and revolution

The developmental construction of heredity

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