The median cleft of the lower lip and mandible and its surgical correction in a donkey

Farmand, M; Stohler, T.

doi:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1990.tb04274.x

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Congenital defects have been described in donkeys including choanal atresia and laryngeal deformity (Barton and Ohnesorge 2009), defects of the lower lip and mandible (Farmand and Stohler 1990) and bifid tongue and mandibular cleft in mules (Bouayad et al 2006). The author has seen an adult donkey with a minor cleft of the palate, showing some nasal return of food but otherwise in good condition.…”

Section: Conditions Of the Upper Respiratory Tractmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Respiratory disease in the donkey

Thiemann

2011

Equine Veterinary Education

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Summary The donkey suffers from a similar range of respiratory diseases as the horse; however, there are a number of subtle variations, knowledge of which can influence the success of treatment. As an animal adapted to a semi‐arid terrain, there are variations in physiology, anatomy and disease susceptibility. The nonathletic nature of the donkey means that delayed presentation is common with many diseases and, while there may be enhanced resistance to some transboundary and parasitic diseases, there may be equal or increased severity of illness to some endemic diseases, e.g. equine influenza. Donkeys frequently live to geriatric ages and the clinician should be aware of the increased risk of conditions such as tracheal collapse, fibrosing pneumonia and neoplasia in this age group. As with any condition that causes stress and inappetance, respiratory disease in the donkey may be complicated by hyperlipaemia and good nursing care is an essential component of treatment.

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Section: Conditions Of the Upper Respiratory Tractmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conditions Of the Upper Respiratory Tractmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory disease in the donkey

Thiemann

2011

Equine Veterinary Education

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“…Only one previous report of a bifid mandible in a living animal exists in the veterinary literature, and this was by Farmand and Stohler (1990), who described a bifid mandible and its surgical correction in a donkey foal. The only other report in the veterinary literature describes the anomaly in museum specimens of a sparrow, a kakadu and also a donkey (Millard 1977).…”

Section: Bifid Tongue and Mandibular Cleft In Three Mule Foalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clefting (bifurcation) of the tongue with a cleft mandible is an extremely rare congenital defect in any species (Lu and others 1998), and there is only one other report of the condition in a donkey foal (Farmand and Stohler 1990). Experimental studies have been performed to investigate the embryological basis for fusion and have been summarised by Goodacre and Wallace (1990).…”

Section: Bifid Tongue and Mandibular Cleft In Three Mule Foalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bifid tongue and mandibular cleft in three mule foals

Rifaï¹,

Bouayad

Kay³

et al. 2006

Veterinary Record

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“…Histologically and anatomically, donkeys' and horses' teeth are similar [69]. Congenital deformities of the upper alimentary tract have been described in donkeys and mules, including bifid tongue, and cleft of the mandible, lip, or palate [70,71]. Donkeys are prone to sialoliths although the cause is unclear [72].…”

Section: Dental Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Donkey Internal Medicine—Part I: Metabolic, Endocrine, and Alimentary Tract Disturbances

Mendoza

Toribio

Pérez-Écija

2018

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science

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a b s t r a c tMetabolic and endocrine disturbances are common in donkeys. This species has an inherent ability to thrive with limited and poor-quality roughage. Donkeys are extremely efficient in energy storage and mobilization, which predisposes to hyperlipemia, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. The prevalence of dyslipidemias is higher in donkeys than other equids, which is more evident under stressful conditions. Diagnosis of endocrine and metabolic disorders in donkeys should be based on species-specific information considering that differences in a multitude of variables compared with horses have been demonstrated. Protocols to assess endocrine disorders (e.g., pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction, metabolic syndrome, and thyroid illness) are unavailable, and extrapolation from horse data can be misleading. Treatment guidelines for these conditions in donkeys are currently not reported. On the other hand, the typical stoic and hardy behavior of donkeys can hinder prompt diagnosis of gastrointestinal problems, specifically colic, which is commonly caused by dental issues in this species. Moreover, subclinical gastric ulcer syndrome appears to be a common pathology in this species, especially in working donkeys.

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The median cleft of the lower lip and mandible and its surgical correction in a donkey

Cited by 9 publications

References 6 publications

Respiratory disease in the donkey

Respiratory disease in the donkey

Bifid tongue and mandibular cleft in three mule foals

Donkey Internal Medicine—Part I: Metabolic, Endocrine, and Alimentary Tract Disturbances

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