The Mechanisms of Action of the Carcinogenic Nitroso and Related Compounds

Schoental, R.

doi:10.1038/bjc.1973.169

Cited by 62 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The fact that in some animal studies 1.2-dimethylhydrazine-orazoxymethane-induced carcinogenesis was en hanced by chronic ethanol feeding in the left bowel [19] or in the rectum only [13] could be due to the fact that an increased production of the ultimate carcinogen dimethyl ion by the metabolism of the procarcinogens via an enhanced activity of ADH in this segment occurs. Indeed, it has been reported that the incidence of methylazoxymethanol-induced intestinal tumors is paralleled by the ac tivity of intestinal mucosal ADH [21],…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol Dehydrogenase in the Human Colon and Rectum

et al. 1996

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Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activities were measured in rectal biopsies from 55 patients (28 males, 27 females aged 22-81 years), in colonic biopsies from 19 patients (10 males, 9 females aged 21-81 years) and in three surgical specimens. All patients had normal mucosa as determined by light microscopy. The activity of rectal ADH was comparable to gastric ADH activity and did not exhibit any significant gender effect (5.5 ± 1.1 vs. 6.7 ± 1.0 nmol/mg protein × min; nonsignificant). No significant correlation was found between age and rectal ADH activity. Compared to ADH activities in other colonic segments, rectal ADH activity was found to be significantly increased (ascending colon: 3.9 ± 0.7 nmol/mg protein × min; p < 0.05; transversal colon: 3.4 ± 1.1 nmol/mg protein × min; p < 0.05; descending colon 2.3 ± 0.4 nmol/mg protein × min; p < 0.001; rectum 6.1 ± 0.8 nmol/mg protein × min). This higher activity of ADH in the rectum could result in increased acetaldehyde levels after alcohol administration and could therefore play a role, at least in part, in the ethanol-associated rectal cocarcinogenesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol Dehydrogenase in the Human Colon and Rectum

et al. 1996

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“…The plant, commonly know as 'Yaa Nguang Chaang' in Thai, belongs to the family Boraginaceae and is used as a traditional medicine in many countries, [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] including Thailand, where it has been used as an asthma treatment and as a diuretic. 9 Several studies on the chemical constituents and biological activities of the crude extract from H. indicum have been reported, [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] but the components and biological activities of H. indicum essential oil have not been studied previously. We report here the results of the identification of H. indicum essential oil components using gas chromatography (GC-FID) as well as GC-MS analysis and its antituberculosis activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition and antituberculosis activity of the volatile oil ofHeliotropium indicum Linn. growing in Phitsanulok, Thailand

et al. 2006

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The volatile oil from the aerial parts of H. indicum was isolated by hydrodistillation and analysed by a combination of gas chromatography (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The essential oil was obtained in 0.004% yield as a light brown liquid. The major constituents of the volatile oil of H. indicum were phytol (49.1%), 1-dodecanol (6.4%) and β β β β β-linalool (3.0%). In addition, the volatile oil showed significant antituberculosis activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra in the Alamar blue assay system with an MIC of 20.8 µ µ µ µ µg/ml.

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“…56,57 The first hint came in the early 1960s from Norway, when sheep died of liver toxicity after feeding nitrite-preserved herring meal. 57,58 The effect of nitrate, nitrite, and NOCs on human health has been a recurrent issue with respect to cancer [59][60][61][62] due to unawareness of the general population exposure to NOCs, namely, diethylnitrosamine (DEN), present in foods, beverages, tobacco smoke, 57,[63][64][65] drinking water, and industrial pollution. 66,67 Endogenous synthesis of NOCs are also mentioned for being responsible for 45%-75% of total exposure.…”

Section: Experimentally Induced Liver Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal models as a tool in hepatocellular carcinoma research: A Review

2017

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Cancer is the first cause of death in developed countries and the second in developing countries. Concerning the most frequent worldwide-diagnosed cancer, primary liver cancer represents approximately 4% of all new cancer cases diagnosed globally. However, among primary liver cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma is by far the most common histological subtype. Notwithstanding the health promotion and disease prevention campaigns, more than half a million new hepatocellular carcinoma cases are reported yearly, being estimated to growth continuously until 2020. Taking this scenario under consideration and the fact that some aspects concerning hepatocellular carcinoma evolution and metastasize process are still unknown, animal models assume a crucial role to understand this disease. The animal models have also provided the opportunity to screen new therapeutic strategies. The present review was supported on research and review papers aiming the complexity and often neglected chemically induced animal models in hepatocarcinogenesis research. Despite the ongoing debate, chemically induced animal models, namely, mice and rat, can provide unique valuable information on the biotransformation mechanisms against xenobiotics and apprehend the deleterious effects on DNA and cell proteins leading to carcinogenic development. In addition, taking under consideration that no model achieves all hepatocellular carcinoma research purposes, criteria to define the "ideal" animal model, depending on the researchers' approach, are also discussed in this review.

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The Mechanisms of Action of the Carcinogenic Nitroso and Related Compounds

Cited by 62 publications

References 10 publications

Alcohol Dehydrogenase in the Human Colon and Rectum

Alcohol Dehydrogenase in the Human Colon and Rectum

Composition and antituberculosis activity of the volatile oil ofHeliotropium indicum Linn. growing in Phitsanulok, Thailand

Animal models as a tool in hepatocellular carcinoma research: A Review

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