“…Despite a continued focus by management in the UK and USA on the goal of employee commitment (Walton, 1985), the consensus among critical commentators has been not only that these efforts have failed to develop substantial levels of workforce commitment, but also that employees generally have seen the contrasts between employers' messages of mutuality and the short-term, hard HRM reality Accepted for Economic and Industrial Democracy Volume 31 (i), 2010 15 (Thompson, 2003;Baldry et al, 2007). Far from a willingness to accept management accounts, most employees have either deployed a resigned, often sceptical compliance, or they have attempted to mimic management's own 'rhetorics' in order to protect their positions by appearing to be 'on side' (Collinson and Collinson, 1997;Hallier, 2004).…”