The MASCOT Magnetometer

Herčík, David; Auster, H. U.; Blum, Jürgen; Fornaçon, K.‐H.; Fujimoto, M.; Gebauer, Kathrin; Güttler, C.; Hillenmaier, O.; Hördt, Andreas; Liebert, Evelyn; Matsuoka, A.; Nomura, Reiko; Richter, Ingo; Stoll, B.; Weiss, B. P.; Glaßmeier, Karl‐Heinz

doi:10.1007/s11214-016-0236-5

Cited by 45 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Therefore, an extensive campaign was carried out in order to characterize the interference from the MAS-COT flight system and its subunits. The campaign description as well as other detailed information about the instrument can be found in Herčík et al (2017).…”

Section: Instrumentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The MASCOT spacecraft is not magnetically clean and causes also a magnetic DC offset at the magnetometer sensor position. The magnetic cleanliness characterization on ground with results and comparison to in-flight characteristics is given in Herčík et al (2017). The offset caused by the separate MASCOT lander can be seen in Figure 4 approximately as the average value, where the data are shown in a coordinate system with minimum variance on the z axis.…”

Section: Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The MASCOT lander provided in situ observations of the surface morphology, surface temperature, and magnetic field. The MASCOT payload comprises a camera (CAM) (Jaumann et al, 2017), a radiometer (MARA) (Grott et al, 2017), an infrared spectrometer (MicrOmega) (Bibring et al, 2017), and a magnetometer (MasMag) (Herčík et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnetic Properties of Asteroid (162173) Ryugu

et al. 2020

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Observations of the magnetization state of asteroids indicate diverse properties. Values between 1.9 × 10 −6 Am 2 /kg (Eros) and 10 −2 Am 2 /kg (Braille) have been reported. A more detailed understanding of asteroidal magnetic properties allows far-reaching conclusions of the magnetization mechanism as well as the strength of the magnetic field of the solar system regions the asteroid formed in. The Hayabusa2 mission with its lander Mobile Asteroid Surface Scout is equipped with a magnetometer experiment, MasMag. MasMag is a state-of-the-art three-axis fluxgate magnetometer, successfully operated also on Philae, the Rosetta mission lander. MasMag has enabled, after Eros for the second time ever, to determine the magnetic field of an asteroid during descent and on-surface operations. The new observations show that Ryugu, a low-albedo C-type asteroid, has no detectable global magnetization, and any local magnetization is either small (< 10 −6 Am 2 /kg) or on very small (subcentimeter) scales. This implies, for example, that energetic solar wind particles could reach and alter the surface unimpeded by strong asteroidal magnetic fields, such as minimagnetospheres in case of the Moon.Plain Language Summary Magnetic measurements in space near and on solar system bodies such as asteroids can provide important information about their formation history and their material properties. Hayabusa2, a Japanese mission, visited asteroid Ryugu, a type of asteroid (carbon rich) not visited before. Ryugu is a rubble pile, that is, an agglomeration of rocks and boulders. It is not expected to have any global magnetic field, but it can be magnetized on smaller scales (boulders or pebbles). Hayabusa2 carried therefore a small lander called Mobile Asteroid Surface Scout equipped also with an instrument for magnetic field measurement (magnetometer). In this study, we present observations from the magnetometer that were collected during Mobile Asteroid Surface Scout's descent and landing on the surface of Ryugu. The magnetic measurements show that Ryugu is not magnetized on boulder (greater than centimeter) scales. This gives us indication on its origin and evolution. In particular, it shows that Ryugu and the bodies it was created from did not possess any magnetic field generation mechanism and that they were not created in an environment with strong background magnetic field. The results are important inputs for theories about the solar system evolution that work with magnetic field as one of the drivers for dust accretion and planetary formation.

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Section: Instrumentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnetic Properties of Asteroid (162173) Ryugu

et al. 2020

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“…It carries the near-IR soil microscope, MicrOmega, (MMEGA), [129] a high dynamic range black-and-white camera with night-time multicolour illumination (CAM), [126] a 6-channel thermal IR radiometer (MARA), [127] and a fluxgate magnetometer (MAG). [128] The Flight Model (FM, Fig.16) was delivered to JAXA mid-June 2014. It was launched aboard the HAYABUSA2 space probe on December 3 rd , 2014, and appeared in good health at its first activation 2 weeks later.…”

Section: Mascot -A Constraints Envelope Come Alivementioning

confidence: 99%

Small spacecraft in small solar system body applications

Grundmann¹,

Meb²,

Biele

et al. 2017

2017 IEEE Aerospace Conference

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In the wake of the successful PHILAE landing on comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko and the launch of the first Mobile Asteroid Surface Scout, MASCOT, aboard the HAYABUSA2 space probe to asteroid (162173) Ryugu, small spacecraft in applications related to small solar system bodies have become a topic of increasing interest. Their unique combination of efficient capabilities, resource-friendly design and inherent robustness makes them attractive as a mission element at the frontiers of exploration of the solar system by larger spacecraft as well as stand-alone low-cost approaches to open up the solar system for a broader range of interests.The operators' requirements for cutting-edge missions compatible with available launch capabilities impose significant constraints in resources, timelines, timeliness, mass and size. To create spacecraft feasible within these constraints, the mission design teams need to accept a broad range of equipment maturity levels from fresh concepts to off-the-shelf units. The resulting Constraints-Driven Engineering (CDE) environment has led to new methods which transcend traditional evenly-paced and sequential development. We evolved and extended Concurrent Design and Engineering (CD/CE) methods originally incepted for intitial studies into Concurrent Assembly, Integration and Verification (CAIV). It is applied in all phases in most of our projects to achieve convergence of asynchronous subsystem maturity timelines and to match parallel tracks of integration and test campaigns. When facing such a challenge, Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) supports design trades and constant configuration evolution due to unforeseen changes. Proactive change and schedule acceleration has resulted from systemlevel CD/CE optimization across interface boundaries by MBSE-aided CAIV.We discuss advantages and constraints of small spacecraft for planetary science and applications, focusing on emerging areas of activity such as planetary defence, on the background of our projects. These include the comet lander PHILAE flown aboard

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“…With a total mass of ∼10 kg and a volume of about 0.3 × 0.3 × 0.2 m 3 , MASCOT carries four scientific instruments, for a total mass of 3 kg: a camera CAM , this issue), a magnetometer MAG (Hercik et al 2016, this issue), a radiometer MARA (Grott et al 2016, this issue), and MicrOmega, an hyperspectral microscope designed, developed support. MASCOT, as a system, has been developed by DLR in Bremen, in cooperation with CNES.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The MicrOmega Investigation Onboard Hayabusa2

et al. 2017

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MicrOmega is a near-IR hyperspectral microscope designed to characterize in situ the texture and composition of the surface materials of the Hayabusa2 target asteroid. MicrOmega is implemented within the MASCOT lander (Ho et al. in Space Sci. Rev., 2016, this issue, doi:10.1007/s11214-016-0251-6). The spectral range (0.99-3.65 µm) and the spectral sampling (20 cm −1 ) of MicrOmega have been chosen to allow the identification of most potential constituent minerals, ices and organics, within each 25 µm pixel of the 3.2 × 3.2 mm 2 FOV. Such an unprecedented characterization will (1) enable the identification of most major and minor phases, including the potential organic phases, and ascribe their mineralogical context, as a critical set of clues to decipher the origin and evolution of this primitive body, and (2) provide the ground truth for the orbital measurements as well as a reference for the analyses later performed on returned samples.

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The MASCOT Magnetometer

Cited by 45 publications

References 34 publications

Magnetic Properties of Asteroid (162173) Ryugu

Magnetic Properties of Asteroid (162173) Ryugu

Small spacecraft in small solar system body applications

The MicrOmega Investigation Onboard Hayabusa2

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