The management of possible fishbone ingestion

Ear, nose and throat foreign bodies: The experience of the Pediatric Hospital of Turin

“…When the physician suspects an FB injury, a careful physical examination with endoscopic evaluation must be performed, followed by radiological investigations when it is necessary, in order to assess location, dimensions and shape of the FB, extent of the damage and presence of possible complications. Auricular, nasal, oral and oropharyngeal FBs can be easily diagnosed and removed during the daily office practice, whereas other locations require more invasive diagnostic and therapeutic procedures such as oesophago‐gastroscopy and tracheo‐bronchoscopy . A little percentage of patients with auricular or pharyngeal FBs needs a surgical removal under narcosis because of the youngest age, the closeness to the tympanic membrane or the sharpness of the object.…”

Cost‐Effective Diagnosis of Ingested Foreign Bodies

“…Overall, 316 studies were screened, of which 16 1–3,6,10–21 were included in this analysis. The combined studies evaluated 10,014 patients.…”

“…Contrast esophagography deserves mention. As a technique, it has been largely abandoned because of its significant false‐positive and ‐negative rates and its potential for interference with later endoscopy 3,13 . As a result, it was not included in our cost‐effectiveness analysis.…”

“…However, a missed foreign body carries with it a significant potential for morbidity and even mortality. Traditionally, plain radiography (XR) of the neck has been used as the initial diagnostic modality, but it is notoriously unreliable 2–4 . To combat this unreliability, other modalities have been proposed, from immediate endoscopy in the setting of a negative plain film 5 to initial computed tomographic (CT) scanning 6 .…”

In Reference to Cost‐Effective Diagnosis of Ingested Foreign Bodies

“…However, for CT, both sensitivity and specificity were 100%. CT was determined to be very useful in the diagnosis of impacted fish bones in the esophagus 7 …”