The Mammary Gland in Mucosal and Regional Immunity

Butler, John E.; Rainard, Pascal; Lippolis, John D.; Salmon, Henri; Kacskovıcs, Imre

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-415847-4.00116-6

Cited by 31 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 371 publications

(393 reference statements)

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“…However, we found no selective accumulation of endogenous mIgG or injected bovine IgG (bIgG) in the milk of Tg females , supporting a previous hypothesis that the role of FcRn in the mammary gland is to recycle IgG from this tissue to the blood instead of secreting it to the milk . In agreement with this observation, a recent study indicated that the bFcRn binds better to bIgG2 than bIgG1 (six‐ to sevenfold difference in K d ) and thus we concluded that the role of bFcRn is to recycle IgG2 from the udder to blood instead of secreting it from blood to colostrum/milk, as in mice and humans .…”

Section: Tg Mice That Overexpress the Bfcrn Show Improved Igg Protectionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…In our earlier studies, we cloned the bFcRn and confirmed the presence of its transcripts in multiple mucosal epithelial and capillary endothelial cells and confirmed that the bFcRn regulates IgG homeostasis in cattle . The main focus of that research was to analyze the role of the bFcRn in the mammary gland where large amounts of serum IgG1, but little IgG2 (although the serum levels of these two IgG isotypes are nearly identical), are secreted into the lumen to enrich the colostrum with maternal antibodies in the first day after calving . In order to study the role of the bFcRn in mammary gland IgG secretion, we created two types of Tg mice that overexpressed the bFcRn.…”

Section: Tg Mice That Overexpress the Bfcrn Show Improved Igg Protectionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Accelerating antibody discovery using transgenic animals overexpressing the neonatal Fc receptor as a result of augmented humoral immunity

Cervenak

Kurrle²,

Kacskovıcs

2015

Immunological Reviews

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In recent years, there has been an increasing demand for the development of faster and more efficient technologies for the generation of monoclonal antibodies against challenging targets that are weakly immunogenic or available only in limited amounts. Typical classes of such targets are cell surface antigens such as G-protein related receptors (GPCRs) or ion channels. We have developed transgenic (Tg) mice and rabbits that overexpress the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn), resulting in an augmented humoral immune response even if challenging antigens are used for immunization. The impressively enhanced FcRn-mediated immune reactions are characterized by improved IgG protection and enhanced antigen presentation leading to greater number of antigen-specific T-helper and B-cell activation in lymphoid organs. Notably, these animals do not show any sign of autoimmunity and can be efficiently bred. FcRn overexpression thus leads to a number of practical benefits for improved generation of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies against multiple antigens, including weakly immunogenic epitopes or tiny amounts of proteins. This review summarizes our current understanding about the mechanisms by which FcRn overexpression leads to such a significantly enhanced humoral immune response.

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Section: Tg Mice That Overexpress the Bfcrn Show Improved Igg Protectionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Tg Mice That Overexpress the Bfcrn Show Improved Igg Protectionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Accelerating antibody discovery using transgenic animals overexpressing the neonatal Fc receptor as a result of augmented humoral immunity

Cervenak

Kurrle²,

Kacskovıcs

2015

Immunological Reviews

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“…The opposite is true for cytokine studies. However, cytokine studies in conventional piglets might be misleading because of undetected secondary infection or the effect of regulatory elements in colostrum or the impact of gut colonization [159]. While the impact of normal gut flora can impact cytokine levels in conventional animals, investigators typically compare their data to control littermates raised in the same environment, so this should play little role.…”

Section: Prrsv Affects Lymphocyte Development In Thymusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the impact of normal gut flora can impact cytokine levels in conventional animals, investigators typically compare their data to control littermates raised in the same environment, so this should play little role. However, the lack of gut colonization of isolator piglets might be in part responsible for the differences in the degree of hypergammaglobulinemia, since elements received via colostrum could establish immune homeostasis which might dampen polyclonal B cell activation and proliferation [159]. In limited studies, no differences were found between isolator piglets colonized with benign Escherichia coli and their colonization-free littermates [22].…”

Section: Prrsv Affects Lymphocyte Development In Thymusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS): an immune dysregulatory pandemic

et al. 2014

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Porcine reproductive and respiratory disease syndrome (PRRS) is a viral pandemic that especially affects neonates within the "critical window" of immunological development. PRRS was recognized in 1987 and within a few years became pandemic causing an estimated yearly $600,000 economic loss in the USA with comparative losses in most other countries. The causative agent is a single-stranded, positive-sense enveloped arterivirus (PRRSV) that infects macrophages and plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Despite the discovery of PRRSV in 1991 and the publication of >2,000 articles, the control of PRRS is problematic. Despite the large volume of literature on this disease, the cellular and molecular mechanisms describing how PRRSV dysregulates the host immune system are poorly understood. We know that PRRSV suppresses innate immunity and causes abnormal B cell proliferation and repertoire development, often lymphopenia and thymic atrophy. The PRRSV genome is highly diverse, rapidly evolving but amenable to the generation of many mutants and chimeric viruses for experimental studies. PRRSV only replicates in swine which adds to the experimental difficulty since no inbred well-defined animal models are available. In this article, we summarize current knowledge and apply it toward developing a series of provocative and testable hypotheses to explain how PRRSV immunomodulates the porcine immune system with the goal of adding new perspectives on this disease.

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“…Lacteal secretions have an important role in the protection of new-borns during their early life not only because of the transfer of the IgG to blood, in certain species, but also due to the local protection provided at the gastrointestinal tract level [ 25 ]. Mucosal IgA are also provided at the same location [ 25 ] and might have a role in protection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the Maternally Derived Antibody Immunity against Rhdv-2 after Administration in Breeding Does of an Inactivated Vaccine

Baratelli¹,

Molist-Badiola²,

Puigredon-Fontanet³

et al. 2020

Vaccines

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Inactivated strain-specific vaccines have been successfully used to control rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD) caused by RHDV-2 in the rabbit industry. It is unknown whether and how vaccination of breeding does contributed to protect the population of young susceptible rabbit kits. The present study investigates whether the immunity against RHDV-2 produced by vaccination of breeding does is transmitted to their progeny and its dynamic once inherited by kits. For this purpose, New Zealand female rabbits of 8–9 weeks of age were allocated into 2 groups of 40 subjects each and bred during 6 reproductive cycles. The first experimental group was vaccinated with a commercially available inactivated vaccine against RHDV-2 whereas the second group was inoculated with PBS. Moreover, the present study was also meant to identify the mechanisms of transmission of that maternal immunity. For this reason, rabbit kits of vaccinated and non-vaccinated breeding does were cross-fostered before milk uptake. The RHDV-2 antibody response was monitored in the blood serum of breeding does and of their kits by competition ELISA (cELISA) and solid-phase ELISA (spELISA). Since it has been clearly demonstrated that cELISA positive rabbits are protected from RHD, we avoided the resorting of the challenge of the kits with RHDV-2. Results showed that RHDV-2 antibodies were inherited by kits up to one year from vaccination of breeding does. Once inherited, the maternally derived antibody response against RHDV-2 lasted at least until 28 days of life. Finally, the study also elucidated that the major contribution to the maternal derived immunity against RHDV-2 in kits was provided during gestation and probably transmitted through transplacental mechanisms although lactation provided a little contribution to it. The present study contributed to elucidate the characteristics of the maternal antibody immunity produced by vaccination and its mechanisms of transmission.

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The Mammary Gland in Mucosal and Regional Immunity

Cited by 31 publications

References 371 publications

Accelerating antibody discovery using transgenic animals overexpressing the neonatal Fc receptor as a result of augmented humoral immunity

Accelerating antibody discovery using transgenic animals overexpressing the neonatal Fc receptor as a result of augmented humoral immunity

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS): an immune dysregulatory pandemic

Characterization of the Maternally Derived Antibody Immunity against Rhdv-2 after Administration in Breeding Does of an Inactivated Vaccine

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