The mammalian mycobiome: A complex system in a dynamic relationship with the host

Lai, Ghee Chuan; Tan, Tze Guan; Pavelka, Norman

doi:10.1002/wsbm.1438

Cited by 61 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 228 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Fungal OTUs detected in the current study are predominantly specific to individual NHPs with very few OTUs shared across hosts. This is in contrast to expectations of a resident suite of gut-associated fungi based on reports from human cohorts [90], though the status of human gut-associated fungi as true residents has been challenged [91,92]. Instead, the majority of fungi detected here likely derive from food or environmental sources.…”

Section: Fungi Are Not Natural Residents Of the Nhp Gutcontrasting

confidence: 93%

Biodiversity of protists and nematodes in the wild nonhuman primate gut

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Documenting the natural diversity of eukaryotic organisms in the nonhuman primate (NHP) gut is important for understanding the evolution of the mammalian gut microbiome, its role in digestion, health and disease, and the consequences of anthropogenic change on primate biology and conservation. Despite the ecological significance of gutassociated eukaryotes, little is known about the factors that influence their assembly and diversity in mammals. In this study, we used an 18S rRNA gene fragment metabarcoding approach to assess the eukaryotic assemblage of 62 individuals representing 16 NHP species. We find that cercopithecoids, and especially the cercopithecines, have substantially higher alpha diversity than other NHP groups. Gut-associated protists and nematodes are widespread among NHPs, consistent with their ancient association with NHP hosts. However, we do not find a consistent signal of phylosymbiosis or host-species specificity. Rather, gut eukaryotes are only weakly structured by primate phylogeny with minimal signal from diet, in contrast to previous reports of NHP gut bacteria. The results of this study indicate that gut-associated eukaryotes offer different information than gut-associated bacteria and add to our understanding of the structure of the gut microbiome.

show abstract

Section: Fungi Are Not Natural Residents Of the Nhp Gutcontrasting

confidence: 93%

Biodiversity of protists and nematodes in the wild nonhuman primate gut

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Some emerging factors thought to be associated with composition of the mycobiota include host genotype and host physiology, including sex, age, and presence of comorbid conditions, lifestyles such as diet, hygiene, and occupation, and the immune system [98]. Diet represents a significant factor influencing the fungal mycobiome composition [6,99]. For example, Candida abundance is found to be strongly associated with the recent ingestion of carbohydrates [100].…”

Section: Mycobiomementioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Just Bacteria: Functional Biomes in the Gut Ecosystem Including Virome, Mycobiome, Archaeome and Helminths

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gut microbiota refers to a complex network of microbes, which exerts a marked influence on the host’s health. It is composed of bacteria, fungi, viruses, and helminths. Bacteria, or collectively, the bacteriome, comprises a significant proportion of the well-characterized microbiome. However, the other communities referred to as ‘dark matter’ of microbiomes such as viruses (virome), fungi (mycobiome), archaea (archaeome), and helminths have not been completely elucidated. Development of new and improved metagenomics methods has allowed the identification of complete genomes from the genetic material in the human gut, opening new perspectives on the understanding of the gut microbiome composition, their importance, and potential clinical applications. Here, we review the recent evidence on the viruses, fungi, archaea, and helminths found in the mammalian gut, detailing their interactions with the resident bacterial microbiota and the host, to explore the potential impact of the microbiome on host’s health. The role of fecal virome transplantations, pre-, pro-, and syn-biotic interventions in modulating the microbiome and their related concerns are also discussed.

show abstract

“…High-throughput sequencing-based methods (HTS) are currently providing a wealth of information about the composition of the human microbiota, now considered an important "organ" playing a key role in maintaining the homeostasis of the body [1,2]. The gut microbiome is the most explored organ by far, but the study of other epithelial tissues such as those of the respiratory tract has also shown 2 of 20 that their microbial communities are directly involved in in people's health status of individuals [2][3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Domestic Environment and the Lung Mycobiome

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study analyzes the relationship between the mycobiome of the Lower Respiratory Tract (LRT) and the fungi in the domestic environment. Samples studied consisted of Broncho-Alveolar Lavage (BAL) from 45 patients who underwent bronchoscopy for different diagnostic purposes, and dust and air from the houses (ENV) of 20 of them (44.4%). Additionally, five bronchoscopes (BS) were also analyzed and negative controls were included for every procedure. All samples were processed for DNA extraction and cultures, which were performed in Sabouraud Dextrose and Potato Dextrose Agar. The fungal Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS2) was sequenced by the Solexa/Illumina system and sequences were analyzed by QIIME 1.8.0 and compared with the UNITE Database for identification. The similarity between the two fungal communities (BAL and ENV) for a specific patient was assessed via the percentage of coincidence in the detection of specific operational taxonomic units (OTUs), and about 75% of co-occurrence was detected between the mycobiome of the LRT and the houses. Cultures confirmed the presence of the core mycobiome species. However, the low rate of isolation from BAL suggests that most of its mycobiome corresponds to non-culturable cells. This likely depends on the patient’s immune system activity and inflammatory status.

show abstract

The mammalian mycobiome: A complex system in a dynamic relationship with the host

Cited by 61 publications

References 228 publications

Biodiversity of protists and nematodes in the wild nonhuman primate gut

Biodiversity of protists and nematodes in the wild nonhuman primate gut

Beyond Just Bacteria: Functional Biomes in the Gut Ecosystem Including Virome, Mycobiome, Archaeome and Helminths

The Domestic Environment and the Lung Mycobiome

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About