The male role in cervical cancer

Castellsagué, Xavier; Bosch, F. Xavier; Muñóz, Núbia

doi:10.1590/s0036-36342003000900008

Cited by 69 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…In several studies among monogamous women, the risk of cervical cancer was reported to be two to eight times for women with husbands who had multiple partners (Pridan and Lilienfeld, 1971;Buckley et al, 1981;Brinton et al, 1989). The sexual history of the male partner was not evaluated in this analysis; however, promiscuity, history of other STIS, and lack of male circumcision are factors that have been associated with the male role in cervical carcinogenesis (Castellsague et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Early age at first sexual intercourse and early pregnancy are risk factors for cervical cancer in developing countries

et al. 2009

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Early age at first sexual intercourse (AFSI) has long been associated with an increased risk of invasive cervical carcinoma (ICC). Age at first pregnancy (AFP) and ICC have been investigated less, although AFSI and AFP are strongly interrelated in most developing countries. A pooled analysis of case -control studies on ICC from eight developing countries with 1864 cases and 1719 controls investigated the roles of AFSI, AFP, and ICC risk. Age at first sexual intercourse, AFP and age at first marriage (AFM) were highly interrelated and had similar ICC risk estimates. Compared with women with AFSI X21 years, the odds ratio (OR) of ICC was 1.80 (95% CI: 1.50 -2.39) among women with AFSI 17 -20 years and 2.31 (95% CI: 1.85 -2.87) for AFSI p16 years (P-trend o0.001).No statistical interaction was detected between AFSI and any established risk factors for ICC. The ICC risk was 2.4-fold among those who reported AFSI and AFP at p16 years compared with those with AFSI and AFP at X21 years. These data confirm AFSI and AFB as risk factors for ICC in eight developing countries, but any independent effects of these two events could not be distinguished.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Early age at first sexual intercourse and early pregnancy are risk factors for cervical cancer in developing countries

et al. 2009

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“…27 It has been pointed out that in the absence of screening programs, a woman's risk of cervical cancer may depend less on her own sexual behavior than on that of her husband or other male partners. 28 A limitation of this study is that it does not include a truly population-based design, as study participants were recruited from Health Care Centers (GP) or STI clinics (SW). GP women can be biased in different ways: higher self-care standards, higher literacy, higher accessibility to health care or being less healthy and attending the center as a result of symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High prevalence of human papillomavirus infection in the female population of Guatemala

Vallès

Murga²,

Hernández³

et al. 2009

Intl Journal of Cancer

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The potential introduction of the newly licensed HPV-vaccines at affordable prices could play a central role in preventing cervical cancer in middle and low-income countries, where most of the cases occur. In spite of this, basic epidemiological data about HPV and HPV-related lesions are still scarce. To determine the prevalence of cervical abnormalities, HPV prevalence, genotype distribution and related risk factors, we carried out a cross-sectional study in a population from Guatemala that included 297 women from the general population (GP women) and 297 sex workers (SW). All participating women were interviewed and underwent a complete gynecological examination that included collection of cervical cells for cytological diagnosis, HPV DNA detection and typing by PCR methods. Cervical HPV DNA prevalence among GP women and from SW was 38.1% (95% CI: 32.5-43.8) and 67.3% (95% CI: 61.7-72.6), respectively. The prevalence of abnormal cytology among GP women was 7.7% (ASCUS 5 1.4%, LSIL 5 4.7%, ASC-H 5 0.3% and HSIL 5 1.4%) and among SW was 21.6% (ASCUS 5 7.5%, LSIL 5 10.6%, ASC-H 5 1.4% and HSIL 5 2.1%). The most prevalent HPV types among women with normal cytology were HPVs 51 (n 5 30), 66 (n 5 25) and 16 (n 5 25), and among women with HSIL or ASC-H (n 5 14) HPVs 58 (n 5 5) and 16 (n 5 5). Determinants associated with HPV DNA detection were having had an occasional partner during the last 6 months and smoking habit among GP women, and being a minor among SW. HPV and abnormal cytology prevalence is high among women in Guatemala. The introduction of a HPV vaccination program would prevent an important fraction of HPV-related disease burden. ' UICCKey words: human-papillomavirus; abnormal cytology; sex workers; Guatemala; prevalence Cervical cancer is the second most frequent cancer among women in developing and middle income countries.1 The causal role of the human papillomavirus (HPV) in the development of both invasive cervical cancer (ICC) and its precursor lesions (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or CIN) is well established.2,3 HPV infection shares common risk factors with other sexually transmitted infections (STI), like the number of life-time sexual partners or not using a barrier-method for contraception. Furthermore, HPV is now considered one of the most common STI worldwide. 4 HPV types have been classified as low-risk oncogenicity (LR-HPV) and high-risk oncogenicity (HR-HPV), according to their potential to induce carcinogenesis.5 HR-HPV are highly prevalent in women with high grade intraepithelial lesions (CIN II or III) and this proportion increases in women with ICC in whom it is estimated that around 70% of the cases are related to HPV types 16 and 18.6 Characterized HR-HPV types include HPVs 16,18,31,33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 68, 73 and 82. HPVs 6,11, 40, 42, 43, 44, 54, 61, 70, 72, 81 and CP1068 are considered LR-HPVs. HPV types 26 and 66 are considered as probably carcinogenic. 5The introduction of prophylactic HPV vaccines, which protect against a limited number of HPV types ...

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“…This is particularly relevant in societies where women tend to be virgins at marriage and monogamous thereafter. Epidemiologic studies have tried to characterize the male role and the consequent female partner risk of HPV acquisition and of cervical cancer (2)(3)(4)(5). Although a number of studies mostly involving monogamous women have observed an association between the number of sexual partners of the husband and his wife's risk for cervical cancer (6)(7)(8), other studies have not (9)(10)(11)(12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking and Passive Smoking in Cervical Cancer Risk: Pooled Analysis of Couples from the IARC Multicentric Case–Control Studies

Louie

Castellsagué

Sanjosé

et al. 2011

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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Background: The independent role of tobacco smoking in invasive cervical cancer (ICC) has been established. We evaluated the potential impact of passive smoking (PS).Methods: A pooled analysis of 1,919 couples enrolled in one of seven case-control studies involving cervical carcinoma in situ (CIS) or ICC was investigated. Information on smoking and sexual behavior was collected from interviews. Specimens were taken from the cervix and penis for human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing. Three PS risk models were constructed with all couples, couples with monogamous women, and couples with lifetime nonsmoking monogamous women. For the third model, the analysis considered potential misclassification of smoking status and was restricted to the risk period for which the woman was exposed to both HPV, a necessary cause of ICC, and PS. Multivariable unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate associations between CIS or ICC and PS.Results: An increased risk was found among couples with both ever smoking men and women (OR ¼ 2.26; 95% CI: 1.40-3.64). No statistically increased risk of CIS was found with PS in the models analyzed. Similar significant increased risks of ICC with PS was found among all couples (OR ¼ 1.57; 95% CI: 1.15-2.15) and couples with monogamous women (OR ¼ 1.55; 95% CI: 1.07-2.23) but not among lifetime nonsmoking monogamous women married to ever smoking men.Conclusion: PS could not be detected as an independent risk factor of ICC in the absence of active smoking. Impact: The combined effects of exposure to active and PS suggest its potential adverse role in cervical carcinogenesis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 20(7); 1379-90. Ó2011 AACR.

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The male role in cervical cancer

Cited by 69 publications

References 37 publications

Early age at first sexual intercourse and early pregnancy are risk factors for cervical cancer in developing countries

Early age at first sexual intercourse and early pregnancy are risk factors for cervical cancer in developing countries

High prevalence of human papillomavirus infection in the female population of Guatemala

Smoking and Passive Smoking in Cervical Cancer Risk: Pooled Analysis of Couples from the IARC Multicentric Case–Control Studies

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