The major lightning regions and associated casualties over India

Yadava, Pramod Kumar; Soni, Monika; Verma, Sunita; Kumar, Harshbardhan; Sharma, Ajay; Payra, Swagata

doi:10.1007/s11069-020-03870-8

Cited by 52 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Though thunderstorm-related work has been a major research focus for some period in South Asia, a recent surge in lightning studies is evident. This increased interest may be due to a significant rise in reported human fatalities (Yadava et al 2020 ; Holle et al 2019 ) as well as the availability of long-term flash data from sources such as the lightning imaging sensor (LIS) abroad the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM). Lightning, particularly cloud-to-ground (CG), is a significant threat to infrastructures and humans, so knowledge of its spatiotemporal pattern can be very useful in developing risk awareness (Vogt and Hodanish 2016 ), saving lives in an agriculture-based economy (Holle 2016 ) and assisting in the reduction of impacts on sensitive industries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Pattern and Land Surface Features Associated with Cloud-to-Ground Lightning in Bangladesh: An Exploratory Study

et al. 2022

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Severe weather events such as lightning appear to be a significant threat to humans and property in South Asia, an area known for intense convective activity directly related to the tropical climate of these areas. The current study was conducted in Bangladesh and examined the association between cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning and ground surface properties, with the aim of improving existing knowledge regarding this phenomenon. GLD360 data from 2015 to 2020 were used to describe the seasonal lightning climatology. Elevation, land use and land cover, vegetation and surface heat flux data were used to examine all land surface features possibly associated with CG lightning occurrence. Hot and cold spot spatial patterning was calculated using local indicators of spatial association. Results indicated a strong CG lightning seasonality. CG stroke density varied considerably across seasons with the pre-monsoon exhibiting the highest density. This was followed by occurrences in the monsoon season. The March–June period experienced 73% of the total observed. Elevation appeared to influence the post-monsoon CG stroke, however, its role in the other seasons was more difficult to define. The land cover/lightning index indicated that waterbodies and herbaceous wetlands had more influence than other land cover types, both during the day and at night, and it appeared that latent heat flux played a major role. The CG stroke hot and cold spot locations varied diurnally. The findings suggest that large-scale irrigation practices, especially during the pre-monsoon months, can influence the observed spatiotemporal pattern. The production of hotspot maps could be an initial step in the development of a reliable lightning monitoring system and play a part in increasing public awareness of this issue.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Pattern and Land Surface Features Associated with Cloud-to-Ground Lightning in Bangladesh: An Exploratory Study

et al. 2022

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“…Lightning strikes over the plain terrains are observed to be less as compared to the hilly regions. Due to the former's high population density, even lesser lightning flashes take many people's lives due to high chances of being struck by lightning (Yadava et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability in lightning hazard over Indian region with respect to El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phases

Sreenath

Abhilash

Vijaykumar

2021

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) modulates the lightning flash density (LFD) variability over India during premonsoon, monsoon and postmonsoon seasons. This study intends to shed light on the impact of ENSO phases on the LFD over the Indian subcontinent using the data obtained from Optical Transient Detector (OTD) and Lightning Imaging Sensors (LIS) onboard the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite. Results suggest the LFD over northeast India (NEI) and southern peninsular India (SPI) strengthened (weakened) during the warm (cold) phase of ENSO in the premonsoon season. During monsoon season, NNWI (north of northwest India) shows above (below) normal LFD in the cold (warm) ENSO phase. It is striking to note that there are three hot spots of LFD over the Indian land region which became more prominent during the monsoon seasons of the last decade. A widespread increase in LFD is observed all over India during the warm phase of ENSO in the postmonsoon season. A robust rise in graupel/snow concentration is found during the postmonsoon season over SPI in the ENSO warm phase, with the lowest fluctuations over the NEI and NNWI regions. The subtropical westerly jet stream is shifted south in association with the warm phase, accompanied by an increase in geopotential height (GPH) all over India for the same period. This exciting remark may explain the indirect influences of ENSO's warm phase on LFD during the postmonsoon season by pushing the mean position of the subtropical westerly towards southern latitudes. However, the marked increase in LFD is confined mostly over the NNWI in the cold ENSO phase.

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“…Understanding the atmospheric lightning ashes/strikes and their occurrences is one of the most important questions of the Earth's climate science. Real-time, lightning data have profound importance in climate science, air quality research, and atmospheric nitrogen budget, apart from this being one of the major natural disasters (Price, 2013;Romps et al 2014;Singh et al, 2017;Srivastava, 2020;Yadava et al, 2020). It is also noted that with changing climate and global warming, the occurrences of lightning are expected to increase (e.g, Romps et al, 2014;Saha et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment of lightning detection sensors network in India: retrieval of essential climate variables and vulnerability mapping

Taori¹,

Suryavanshi²,

Gharai³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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A network of 25 lightning detection sensors (LDS) has been established by National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC), Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO). In the present network, sensors are located in the north-east, east coastal, central and southern locations of India. Geo-location of the lightning occurrences is estimated using time of arrival algorithm. Thus obtained lightning occurrences have been used to derive climate variables (ECVs) and to understand the vulnerable regions. We carry out overlay analysis on a Geographical Information System (GIS) platform on the monthly aggregate number of CG flash occurrences to identify the vulnerable Indian states during July 2019 to November 2020. We note that December-January reported the least number of cloud-to-ground (CG) flash occurrences while, August-September were the months with most number of CG flash occurrences. We also note that during the period under the scrutiny in this report, Chattisgarh, Jharkhand, Odisha, Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh states recorded the most number of CG lightning flash occurrences.

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The major lightning regions and associated casualties over India

Cited by 52 publications

References 23 publications

Spatial Pattern and Land Surface Features Associated with Cloud-to-Ground Lightning in Bangladesh: An Exploratory Study

Spatial Pattern and Land Surface Features Associated with Cloud-to-Ground Lightning in Bangladesh: An Exploratory Study

Variability in lightning hazard over Indian region with respect to El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phases

Establishment of lightning detection sensors network in India: retrieval of essential climate variables and vulnerability mapping

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