The Main Factors of Repetition

Abstract

The authors obtained more information about the characteristics of suicide attempters in order to examine the most important differences between those who attempted suicide for the first time (first-evers) and those who had a previous attempt (repeaters). Within the framework of the WHO/EURO Multicentre Study on Suicidal Behaviour in Pecs Center, 1158 cases of parasuicide were collected over 4 years (July 1, 1997-June 30, 2001). In the monitoring sample, 728 (62.9%) parasuicide acts were committed by women and 430 (37.1%) by men, and more than half of the attempters had made a previous attempt In the logistic regression model a higher risk of repetition was found to be related to being divorced (OR 1.84), unemployed or economically inactive (OR 1.45), and without higher education (OR 2.54). In the sample, mental disorders were the most significant risk factor for repeated attempts. The odds ratio was highest (OR 5) for personality disorders. The results may reflect (besides some factors of social destabilization) a higher importance of major mental health problems among repeaters. For this reason, more effective recognition and treatment of the underlying psychiatric and social conditions of suicide attempters has special importance to prevent future suicidal behaviour.

Risk of re-attempts and suicide death after a suicide attempt: A survival analysis

“…In the Danish registry-based survival analysis mentioned above [10], both younger age and alcohol abuse were risk factors for re-attempting suicide. Our results also match those reported by Osvath and colleagues when comparing first-time suicide attempters ( n  = 549) with repeaters ( n  = 609): both alcohol abuse, and particularly, the presence of personality disorders were associated with an increased risk of re-attempting suicide [30]. In a study following a similar case-control design comparing 112 first-time attempters and 159 repeaters, alcohol misuse was again one of the strongest factors associated with repetition of suicide attempts [31].…”

Short- and Long-term Effects of Case Management on Suicide Prevention among Individuals with Previous Suicide Attempts: a Survival Analysis

“…In fact, according to a 2013 review study, suicide reattempts were more related to specific socioeconomic factors, such as a high unemployment rate and low educational level, than was the initial suicide attempt. 19 Although we could not find specific factors related to the suicide reattempt because of the limited data, the results still correspond well with those of earlier studies 9 supporting an association between a risk of suicidal reattempt and low socioeconomic status.…”

“… 6 7 Studies on the factors associated with suicide reattempts have also implicated socioeconomic factors such as unemployment and low educational level, as well as clinical factors such as a psychiatric diagnosis. 8 9 However, Bertolote 10 mentioned in his study that suicide is intrinsically influenced by sociocultural factors, implying the possibility of differences in related factors according to the location of the empirical investigation. Recent reviews have suggested that additional studies are needed on this front, because the designs, sample sizes, and target groups of past studies have substantially differed, making comparison of their study results difficult.…”