The Main Bacterial Communities Identified in the Sites Affected by Periimplantitis: A Systematic Review

Abstract

(1) Background: Periimplantitis is an infectious condition that affects the periimplant tissue and is of bacterial etiology. However, to date, the exact bacterial flora involved in its occurrence is not known. The aim of this literature review was to summarize the articles published on this topic and to identify the main bacterial species isolated in periimplantitis. (2) Methods: The articles published in three databases were researched: Pubmed, Embase and Web of Science using Prisma guides and combinations of MeSH terms. We selected 25 items from the 980 found by applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. (3) Results: We quantified the results of the 25 studies included in this review. In general, the most commonly identified bacterial species were Gram-negative anaerobic species, as Prevotella, Streptococcus, Fusobacterium and Treponema. (4) Conclusion: The most frequent bacteria in the periimplantitis sites identified in this review are Gram-negative anaerobic species, also involved in the pathogenesis of the periodontal disease.

Antibacterial Efficacy and Surface Characteristics of Boron Nitride Coated Dental Implant: An In-Vitro Study

“…As a significant producer of biofilms, it is essential to prevent the formation of S. mutans on the surface of TI implants. Fusobacterium Nucleatum Gram-negative anaerobic is the most frequent bacteria found in peri-implantitis sites [31,32]. Thus in the present study, bactericidal activity against these two bacteria was evaluated in h-BNNSs coated discs compared with uncoated titanium discs.…”

“…BN nanotubes' interactions with various cells demonstrated very low levels of cytotoxicity [15,18,19]. Similarly, plasma treatment of BN nanotube films improved cell attachment, and BN nanotube films increased the proliferation of human mammary cells [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. suggesting that these materials may have a significant potential for use in a variety of implant technologies.…”

History of periodontitis as a risk factor for implant failure and incidence of peri‐implantitis: A systematic review, meta‐analysis, and trial sequential analysis of prospective cohort studies

“…Whereas peri‐implant mucositis is confined to the mucosa representing a status of inflammation in response to microbes embedded in the accumulated plaque, peri‐implantitis is characterized by additional resorption of the supporting bone 3 . Evidence supports a close association between the mainly Gram‐negative bacteria associated with periodontitis and the microbiome around the implants with clinical signs of peri‐implantitis, 4,5 although both diversity and composition may differ between periodontal and peri‐implant microbiomes 6–11 . Consequently, implementation of adequate infection control and proper periodontal support therapy is fundamental prior to implant therapy 12–14 …”