The lymphatics and lymphoreticular tissues in relation to the action of sex hormones.

Kotani, Masaki

doi:10.1679/aohc.53.suppl_1

Cited by 24 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 232 publications

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“…It has also generally been accepted that muscle bundles first appear in the mesenteric lymphatic vessels at the point where they leave the intestinal wall (reviewed by KOTANI, 1990). In contrast, our results clearly show that most of the lymphatic vessels in the cecal submucosa have smooth muscle cells as well as valves.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Structure of Lymphatics in Rat Cecum with Special Reference to Submucosal Collecting Lymphatics Endowed with Smooth Muscle Cells and Valves. I. A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study.

Ohtani

1992

Archives of Histology and Cytology

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Structure of Lymphatics in Rat Cecum with Special Reference to Submucosal Collecting Lymphatics Endowed with Smooth Muscle Cells and Valves. I. A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study.

Ohtani

1992

Archives of Histology and Cytology

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“…In the centripetal theory, lymphatic vessels originate by the fusion of flattened mesenchymal spaces into a primitive lymphatic network, which spreads integrally and then establishes a connection to the venous system. Both theories do not resolve the fundamental enigma of whether lymphatic differentiation originates from a primitive lymph sac from a vein or from a mesenchymal tissue space (18). Recent research has focused on the relationship between the differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells and endothelial cells (17).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization and characterization of lymphatic vessels in oral and cervical squamous cell carcinoma

Inoue

Roan

Abe

et al. 2011

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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Abstract. Lymph node metastasis is considered a factor in determining the prognosis of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Both oral and cervical SCC tumor cells prefer lymph vessels as the route of metastasis. D2-40 is a specific marker of lymphatic endothelial cells. This study clarifies the distribution and characteristics of lymphatic vessels in oral and cervical SCCs. Immunohistochemistry was performed in 20 oral and 20 cervical SCCs (10 non-metastatic and 10 metastatic to lymph nodes) using D2-40, CD31, CD34, CD105 and double staining with D2-40 and keratin. Lymphatic vessel density (LVD) was also determined morphologically. Results showed that lymphatic vessels in both types of SCCs were distributed mainly at the superficial region beneath the epithelium. The LVD in each tumor was significantly higher compared to the corresponding normal mucosa. Moreover, the LVD in lymph node metastasis in each tumor was significantly higher compared to their non-metastatic counterparts. Cancer cell invasion was observed in the lymphatic vessels suggesting the existence of lymph node involvement during metastasis. The new lymphatic vessels that proliferated around the cancer nests in both SCCs have endothelial cell characteristics inferred to be associated with early lymphatic development and initial dissemination of cancer cells. IntroductionThe role of blood vessels in tumor progression and metastasis has been reported in various malignancies, including oral and cervical cancers (1-3). However, the relationship between blood vessels and lymph node metastasis in malignant tumors is largely unknown. Angiogenesis plays a crucial role in hematogenous and lymphatic metastases for which studies have suggested that lesions that entered a higher angiogenic state have an increased probability of metastasis (3,4). However, certain tumors with marked angiogenesis surprisingly had no evidence of metastasis and were associated with a good prognosis (5,6). Thus, an unclear relationship exists among angiogenesis, metastasis and prognosis.Clinically, lymph node metastasis in oral and cervical cancers occurs in 20-30% of cases and is considered a major factor in determining prognosis. Lymphatic spread is more important than other routes. Via this route malignant cells preferentially metastasize in lymph nodes in the cervical region (7). Also, lymphatic vessels are the preferential routes for metastatic spread of most carcinomas that arise in the cervix (8). Distant lymph node metastasis of cancer cells is often due to the involvement of lymphatic vessels (4,5). Despite the occurrence of lymphatic metastasis in those tumors, few studies have focused on the distribution and characteristics of lymphatic vessels in cancers (9,10). Moreover, it remains questionable whether tumor cells induce lymphangiogenesis.Several lymphatic-specific antibodies have been developed (11). Kahn and Marks developed an antibody called D2-40, reported to be effective in detecting lymphatic vessels in formalin-fixed paraffin sections (12). The antibody does not requi...

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“…In a series of rodent and canine specimens, India ink or tumor cells injected in the peritoneal cavity have thus far been shown to drain into the lymphatic capillaries of the diaphragm and the thoracic duct (FRENCH et al, 1960;YAMAGISHI, 1961;KOTANI et al, 1962;REMMELE et al, 1975;LEAK and RAHIL, 1978;TSILIBARY and WISSIG, 1977, 1983NAMBA, 1989;FUKUO et al, 1990;KOTANI, 1990;OYA et al, 1992). The present findings in the monkey are in line with these previous reports.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is well known that erythrocytes and other cell elements as well as macromolecules injected into the peritoneal cavity are very rapidly uptaken by the lymphatic vessels of the diaphragm (KOTANI et al, 1962;BETTENDOLF, 1978BETTENDOLF, , 1979LEAK and RAHIL, 1978;TSILIBARY and WISSIG, 1977, 1983KOTANI, 1990). When India ink was injected into the peritoneal cavity of the rabbit (FRENCH et al, 1960;KOTANI et al, 1962), dog (YAMAGISHI, 1961;OYA et al, 1992), and golden hamster (SHINOHARA et al, 1989;FUKUO et al, 1990), the lymphatic capillaries of the diaphragm appeared as dense networks.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Morphology of the Lymphatic System in the Monkey Diaphragm.

Oya

Shimada

Nakamura

et al. 1993

Archives of Histology and Cytology

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The lymphatics and lymphoreticular tissues in relation to the action of sex hormones.

Cited by 24 publications

References 232 publications

Structure of Lymphatics in Rat Cecum with Special Reference to Submucosal Collecting Lymphatics Endowed with Smooth Muscle Cells and Valves. I. A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study.

Structure of Lymphatics in Rat Cecum with Special Reference to Submucosal Collecting Lymphatics Endowed with Smooth Muscle Cells and Valves. I. A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study.

Localization and characterization of lymphatic vessels in oral and cervical squamous cell carcinoma

Functional Morphology of the Lymphatic System in the Monkey Diaphragm.

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