The long-term effects of integral versus composite metaphors on experts' and novices' search behaviors

Hsu, Yu-chen

doi:10.1016/j.intcom.2005.01.006

Cited by 14 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Since, the possibility of inappropriate metaphor selection was ruled out by testing these metaphors with novices in the design process and the pilot test, it is likely that metaphors do not assist novices in learning simple concepts (declarative knowledge). The finding is consistent with that of a previous study (Hsu, 2005) in which novices had less complete mental models of the systems and were unable to use metaphorical aids. In addition, it is likely that novices failed to integrate new knowledge with prior knowledge when they were asked to process too much new information in a limited time.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The results in an earlier study (Hsu, 2005) also indicate that metaphors did not work in the beginning stage of information searching. Their beneficial effects started to show with practice.…”

Section: Metaphors' Effects On Performance On the Take-home Testmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…So the use of metaphor or other external aids may better enhance their performances. However, study findings (Fix et al, 1993;Hsu, 2005) indicate that novices may not effectively use externally provided information or metaphors due to their incapability of processing the extra information. The present study intends to investigate metaphors' effects in facilitating novices and experts learning the basic or more advanced knowledge measured with multiple methods in different time periods.…”

Section: Experts' and Novices' Mental Modelsmentioning

confidence: 94%

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The effects of metaphors on novice and expert learners' performance and mental-model development

Hsu

2006

Interacting with Computers

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The effects of metaphors on learning have been proved by many studies. Learners naturally invoke metaphors when learning new concepts because metaphors stimulate them to generate models of the domain to be learned. However, little evidence has been seen of metaphors' effect on developing learners' mental models. Since metaphors function by providing familiar concepts that help learners to construct new knowledge, metaphors' effects may be more apparent to novice learners.This study explores the effects of metaphors on both novice and expert learners' performance and their mental-model development as documented by three different measurement methods. It also examines the relationship between subjects' performance and their mental models. The results indicate that metaphors may facilitate novices' construction of integrative knowledge but not simple knowledge. In addition, metaphors may possibly have lasting effects on expert learning but the effects may not be seen immediately after learning. q

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Metaphors' Effects On Performance On the Take-home Testmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Experts' and Novices' Mental Modelsmentioning

confidence: 94%

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The effects of metaphors on novice and expert learners' performance and mental-model development

Hsu

2006

Interacting with Computers

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“…Such features may not benefit from familiarity-oriented design. It has been shown in multimedia learning and HCI that design enhancements such as metaphors, explanations, or consistency barely improve the realization of familiar and simple tasks (Borgman, 1999;Hsu, 2005Hsu, , 2006Mayer, 1999Mayer, , 2001Ozgungor and Guthrie, 2004;Pollock et al, 2002; see also Mugge and Schoorman, 2012). Such findings may explain why Hurtienne et al (2013) did not obtain any benefit from redesigning a ticket-vending machine with meaningful labels, familiar tabs, and visual metaphors.…”

Section: Redesignmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prior schemata transfer as an account for assessing the intuitive use of new technology

Fischer¹,

Itoh²,

Inagaki³

2015

Applied Ergonomics

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New devices are considered intuitive when they allow users to transfer prior knowledge. Drawing upon fundamental psychology experiments that distinguish prior knowledge transfer from new schema induction, a procedure was specified for assessing intuitive use. This procedure was tested with 31 participants who, prior to using an on-board computer prototype, studied its screenshots in reading vs. schema induction conditions. Distinct patterns of transfer or induction resulted for features of the prototype whose functions were familiar or unfamiliar, respectively. Though moderated by participants' cognitive style, these findings demonstrated a means for quantitatively assessing transfer of prior knowledge as the operation that underlies intuitive use. Implications for interface evaluation and design, as well as potential improvements to the procedure, are discussed.

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“…67 Hsu, investigating composite metaphors, confirmed Neale and Carroll's assertions and found that the "closer the mapping between designers' conceptual models and users' mental models, the greater the effect of interface metaphors." 68 As an alternative to composite metaphors, Khoury and Simoff propose a new class of metaphors that they call "elastic." They explain that metaphors in language are unavoidable, and we must deal with them in information technology.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Metaphor’s Role in the Information Behavior of Humans Interacting with Computers

Sease¹

2008

ITAL

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Metaphors convey information, communicate abstractions, and help us understand new concepts. While the nascent field of information behavior (IB) has adopted common metaphors like "berry-picking" and "gap-bridging" for its models, the study of how people use metaphors is only now emerging in the subfield of human information organizing behavior (HIOB). Metaphors O ur world is growing increasingly digital; our entire lives-our interactions, our entertainment, even our personal memories-are mediated by technology. Humans have had thousands of years to learn to communicate with each other, largely employing metaphors and analogies to negotiate meaning. Our experience communicating with computers is both nascent yet broadening every day with increasing dependency. We must fully understand the role that metaphors play in the exchange of information to facilitate the communication between humans and computers.n Metaphors: a definition Originally regarded as rhetorical devices, Plato abhorred the use of metaphors, arguing that they could convince a man to do the illogical. Schön explains that at that time metaphors were considered a "kind of anomaly of language, one which must be dispelled in order to clear the path for a general theory of reference or meaning." 1 Aristotle, on the other hand, saw that they provided insight into the items of comparison. "Ordinary words convey only what we know already; it is from metaphor that we can best get hold of something new." 2 Traditionally the objects in the equation have been called the tenor and the vehicle, but more recently they are referred to as the target and source domains. In the metaphor, "Alex is a space cadet," Alex is the tenor or target domain (the abstract or undefined), and space cadet represents the vehicle or source domain (the known). If "the essence of metaphor is understanding and experiencing one thing in terms of another," then the vehicle or the source domain is responsible for elucidating the tenor or target domain.3 One measures the relationship between these domains, the tenor and the vehicle, with "ground" and "tension." Ground concerns the similarities between the domains and tension represents the dissimilarities. 4 Metaphors have been studied from multiple perspectives: from the creative use of metaphors in literature to the comprehension or appreciation of metaphors. 5 The research from other disciplines can offer insight into the effect of metaphors on human information behavior. I will first discuss the use of metaphors in language and then review some of the theories on how they work. n Metaphorically speaking: the role of metaphors in languageThe work of Lakoff and Johnson has been fundamental to understanding the pervasive use of metaphors in our language. They propose that metaphors are an underlying structure forming and shaping the way we discuss and even think about the world. They argue that the "human conceptual system is metaphorically structured and defined."6 Mapping from a source domain to a target domain is central to the sema...

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The long-term effects of integral versus composite metaphors on experts' and novices' search behaviors

Cited by 14 publications

References 38 publications

The effects of metaphors on novice and expert learners' performance and mental-model development

The effects of metaphors on novice and expert learners' performance and mental-model development

Prior schemata transfer as an account for assessing the intuitive use of new technology

Metaphor’s Role in the Information Behavior of Humans Interacting with Computers

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