The Long Road to Community Microgrids: Adapting to the Necessary Changes for Renewable Energy Implementation

O’Neill-Carrillo, Efraín; Jordan, Isaac; Irizarry-Rivera, A.A.; Cintron, Rafael

doi:10.1109/mele.2018.2871239

Cited by 15 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…PREB has opined that the success of this model is dependent on properly allocating costs across customer classes, "to ensure that wheeling does not result in technical problems, rate increases, or any other unfair cross subsidization" [141,142]. O'Neill-Carrillo et al noted that assessing the cost-effectiveness of renewable community microgrids in Puerto Rico's energy transition should also account for value streams capturing resilience, sustainability, and support for local socioeconomic activity [143].…”

Section: Cost-effectiveness In Puerto Rico's Microgrid Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Emerging Potential of Microgrids in the Transition to 100% Renewable Energy Systems

et al. 2021

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International, national, and subnational laws and policies call for rapidly decarbonizing energy systems around the globe. This effort relies heavily on renewable electricity and calls for a transition that is: (i) flexible enough to accommodate existing and new electricity end uses and users; (ii) resilient in response to climate change and other threats to electricity infrastructure; (iii) cost-effective in comparison to alternatives; and (iv) just in the face of energy systems that are often the result of—or the cause of—procedural, distributive, and historical injustices. Acknowledging the intertwined roles of technology and policy, this work provides a cross-disciplinary review of how microgrids may contribute to renewable electricity systems that are flexible, resilient, cost-effective, and just (including illustrative examples from Korea, California, New York, the European Union, and elsewhere). Following this review of generalized microgrid characteristics, we more closely examine the role and potential of microgrids in two United States jurisdictions that have adopted 100% renewable electricity standards (Hawai‘i and Puerto Rico), and which are actively developing regulatory regimes putatively designed to enable renewable microgrids. Collectively, this review shows that although microgrids have the potential to support the transition to 100% renewable electricity in a variety of ways, the emerging policy structures require substantial further development to operationalize that potential. We conclude that unresolved fundamental policy tensions arise from justice considerations, such as how to distribute the benefits and burdens of microgrid infrastructure, rather than from technical questions about microgrid topologies and operating characteristics. Nonetheless, technical and quantitative future research will be necessary to assist regulators as they develop microgrid policies. In particular, there is a need to develop socio–techno–economic analyses of cost-effectiveness, which consider a broad range of potential benefits and costs.

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Section: Cost-effectiveness In Puerto Rico's Microgrid Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Emerging Potential of Microgrids in the Transition to 100% Renewable Energy Systems

et al. 2021

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“…With hybrid systems, multiple benefits can be offered such as fuel-savings, increased system capacity, reduced pollution, and increased system reliability [6,7]. However, serious problems such as frequency deviations may occur due to the energy unbalance between generation and load when the microgrid system is subjected to load disturbances and/or uncertainties of RES [8,9]. The intermittent nature of RES such as solar irradiance variation and wind speed fluctuation may cause severe frequency and power oscillations, which should be effectively minimized [10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Fuzzy PIDF Load Frequency Controller for Hybrid Microgrid System Using Marine Predator Algorithm

et al. 2021

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This paper presents a fully optimized fuzzy proportional-integral-derivative with filter (FPIDF) load frequency controller (LFC) for enhancing the performance of a hybrid microgrid system. The Marine Predator Algorithm (MPA), a recent optimization algorithm, is used to optimize the gains as well as the input scaling factors and membership functions of the proposed fuzzy PIDF controller. The controller performance is tested on a two-area hybrid microgrid system containing various renewable energy sources and energy storage devices. The effectiveness of the MPA based FPIDF controller is compared with conventional PIDF and FPIDF controllers based on other heuristic techniques presented in literatures. Moreover, different scenarios are implemented in this study to verify the robustness and sensitivity of the proposed controller to different step load perturbations, system parameters variations, wind speed fluctuation and solar irradiance variation. The dynamic response of the system is compared using different controllers in terms of settling time, maximum overshoot and undershoot values. The results are presented in the form of time domain simulations conducted via MATLAB/SIMULINK. INDEX TERMSFuzzy control, load frequency control, marine predator algorithm, microgrid system, PIDF controller, renewable energy, storage systems. NOMENCLATURE A Rotor swept area ACE Area control error B1, B2 Frequency bias coefficients BES Battery energy storage CE Change of error Predator step size control ratio Power coefficient COR Competition over resources E Error FF Fitness function FLC Fuzzy logic controller FPIDF Fuzzy proportional-integral-derivative with filter G Solar radiation ( ) Controller transfer function Solar irradiance under standard test conditions 1 , 2 Input scaling gains 12

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Micro-grid an Integral Approach to Long-Term Sustainability

Ibarra

Ponce

Molina

et al. 2021

Energy Issues and Transition to a Low Carbon Economy

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The Long Road to Community Microgrids: Adapting to the Necessary Changes for Renewable Energy Implementation

Cited by 15 publications

References 3 publications

The Emerging Potential of Microgrids in the Transition to 100% Renewable Energy Systems

The Emerging Potential of Microgrids in the Transition to 100% Renewable Energy Systems

Optimal Fuzzy PIDF Load Frequency Controller for Hybrid Microgrid System Using Marine Predator Algorithm

Micro-grid an Integral Approach to Long-Term Sustainability

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