The logistics of supplying single vs. multi-crop cellulosic feedstocks to a biorefinery in southeast North Dakota

The Biorefinery Concept

“…The diversity of the products gives a high degree of flexibility to changing market demands (a current by-product might become a key product in the future) and provides phase III biorefineries with various options to achieve profitability and maximise returns [33]. In addition, their multi-feedstock nature helps them to secure feedstock availability and offers these highly integrated biorefineries the possibility of selecting the most profitable combination of raw materials [39,40]. Although no commercial phase III biorefineries exist, extensive work is currently being carried out in the EU, the US (the present leading player in this field) and elsewhere on the design and feasibility of such facilities.…”

Reviews of Science for Science Librarians: Second-generation Biofuels Feedstock: Crop Wastes, Energy Grasses, and Forest Byproducts

“…In the U.S., there is now increased interest in planting winter rye, which on many farms has been grown primarily as a kind of "green manure" to be plowed under before spring planting corn or soybeans, for conversion into biofuels instead (Feyereisen 2013). This catholicity of acceptable biomass feedstocks has led to biorefinery planning that is essentially fine-straw-flexible between differing batches or which will Downloaded by [University of Chicago Library] at 19:26 20 November 2014 simultaneously handle mixed-source fine straws in a single batch (Maung et al 2013). One of the problems with virtually all small-grain cereal straws, however, is that trucking and storing them, even in baled form, requires a great deal of space relative to the biofuel it will yield.…”

Biomass Blending and Densification: Impacts on Feedstock Supply and Biochemical Conversion Performance

“…Recent studies suggest a blended feedstock strategy to enable supply chain resilience may provide a solution to reliance on a single biomass resource [10,18].…”