The locus of semantic priming in RSVP target search

Abstract

At what stage does semantic priming affect accuracy in target search? In two experiments, participants viewed two streams of stimuli, each including a target word among distractors. Stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs) between the targets (T1 and T2) ranged from 53 to 213 msec. A word semantically related to one or neither of the targets preceded each trial. In Experiment 1, participants were instructed to report both targets. Although more primed than unprimed targets were reported, there was no cost for unprimed words. A strong interaction between SOA and T1 versus T2 was found, but priming did not interact with either variable. In Experiment 2, only related targets were reported. Performance was similar to that for primed targets in Experiment 1. Semantic priming does not seem to modulate how attentional resources are initially allocated between targets, but instead affects a later stage of processing, the point at which a target word reaches lexical identification.

The attentional blink is diminished for targets that form coherent semantic categories

“…Before we conclude that priming is not a likely explanation for our findings, we must note that there are important procedural differences between our study and these previous studies (Davenport & Potter, 2005;Maki et al, 1997;Potter et al, 2005). The latter made use of quick sequence priming, in which the prime was followed by a semantically related target after a brief period of time.…”

“…This explanation is similar to the view of , who assumed that similar processes are at play for extremely familiar stimuli like one's name. To our knowledge, accessibility of T2 stimuli has not yet been manipulated, apart from several studies that have examined priming effects in RSVP tasks (e.g., Davenport & Potter, 2005;Maki, Frigen, & Paulson, 1997;Potter, Dell'Acqua, Pesciarelli, Job, & Peressotti, 2005).…”

Efeitos de priming semântico em tarefa de decisão lexical em crianças de 3ª série

“…Mede-se a acurácia e a velocidade de resposta ao alvo, o qual pode ser precedido por uma palavra ou sentença semanticamente relacionada ou, em condições controles, precedido por uma palavra ou sentença não relacionada (Nievas & Justicia, 2004). Considera-se que uma palavra que é precedida por outra semanticamente relacionada seja processada de forma mais rápida e acurada (Davenport & Potter, 2005). Este paradigma metodológico permite estudar experimentalmente o acesso ao léxico mental e a influência do contexto semântico no reconhecimento de palavras lidas.…”

“…Dentre os estudos dos efeitos de priming semântico encontrados na literatura, a maioria deles tem sido realizada com adultos (Basnight-Brown & Altarriba, 2007;Brown & Besner, 2002;Brown, Roberts, & Besner, 2001;Coney, 2002;Davenport & Potter, 2005;Friedrich, Henik, & Tzelgov, 1991;Frost & Bentin, 1992;Hutchison, 2007;Lukatela & Turvey, 1991;McNamara, 1994;Nievas & Justicia, 2004;Nobre & McCarthy, 1995;Perea & Gotor, 1997;Perea & Rosa, 2002;Reimer, Brow, & Lorsbach, 2001;Valdés, Catena, & Marí-Beffa, 2005). Nos poucos estudos realizados com crianças/adolescentes tem sido encontrado efeito de priming semântico (Assink, Bergen, Teeseling, & Knuijt, 2004;Barry, 2007;Hala, Pexman, & Glenwright, 2007;Nievas & Justicia, 2004;Schvaneveldt, Ackerman, & Semlear, 1977;Schwantes, Boesl, & Ritz, 1980;Simpson & Forster, 1986;Simpson & Lorsbach, 1983, 1987 em amostras de algumas idades/séries e sob determinadas condições.…”

O paradigma de priming semântico na investigação do processamento de leitura de palavras

“…O efeito de priming semântico ocorre quando uma palavra, que é precedida por outra semanticamente relacionada, é processada de forma mais rápida e acurada (Davenport & Potter, 2005). O contexto semântico (ou seja, o prime) também pode ser representado por figuras ou sentenças.…”