The Locus Coeruleus: Essential for Maintaining Cognitive Function and the Aging Brain

Mather, Mara; Harley, Carolyn W.

doi:10.1016/j.tics.2016.01.001

Cited by 367 publications

(360 citation statements)

References 130 publications

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“…However, a theta burst may also incur a cost. One reason may be that MFC projects to locus coeruleus (Aston-Jones & Cohen, 2005), whose projection to cortex may incur a cost because it leads to waste product that needs to be disposed of (Holroyd, 2016;Mather & Harley, 2016). Theta frequency may balance the costs (not too often) and benefits (sufficiently often) of binding gamma by random bursts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Binding by Random Bursts: A Computational Model of Cognitive Control

Verguts

2017

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

138

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Abstract■ A neural synchrony model of cognitive control is proposed. It construes cognitive control as a higher-level action to synchronize lower-level brain areas. Here, a controller prefrontal area (medial frontal cortex) can synchronize two cortical processing areas. The synchrony is achieved by a random theta frequency-locked neural burst sent to both areas. The choice of areas that receive this burst is determined by lateral frontal cortex. As a result of this synchrony, communication between the two areas becomes more efficient. The model is tested on the classical Stroop cognitive control task, and its operation is explored in several simulations. Both reactive and proactive controls are implemented via theta power modulation. Increasing theta power improves behavioral performance; furthermore, via theta-gamma phase-amplitude coupling, theta also increases gamma frequency power and synchrony in posterior processing areas. Thus, the model solves a central computational problem for cognitive control (how to allow rapid communication between arbitrary brain areas), while making rich contact with behavioral and neurophysiological data. ■

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Binding by Random Bursts: A Computational Model of Cognitive Control

Verguts

2017

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

138

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“…This cell loss might occur as a correlate of healthy ageing or might reflect a presymptomatic reduction in LC integrity related to tau pathology (Mather and Harley, 2016). The age-related decline in noradrenergic modulation is expected to contribute to cognitive decline during healthy ageing (Arnsten and Golman-Rakic, 1985;Arnsten and Goldman-Rakic, 1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emotional arousal and recognition memory are differentially reflected in pupil diameter responses during emotional memory for negative events in younger and older adults

Hämmerer

Hopkins

Betts

et al. 2017

Neurobiology of Aging

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A better memory for negative emotional events is often attributed to a conjoint impact of increased arousal and noradrenergic modulation. A decline in noradrenergic modulation (NA) during ageing is well documented but its impact on memory function during ageing is unclear. Using pupil diameter (PD) as a proxy for noradrenergic modulation, we examined age differences in memory for negative events in younger (18-30 years) and older (62-83 years) adults based upon a segregation of early arousal to negative events, and later retrieval related PD responses. In keeping with the hypothesis of reduced age-related NA influences, older adults showed attenuated induced PD responses to negative emotional events. The findings highlight a likely contribution of noradrenergic modulation to negative emotional memory, mediated via arousal that may be compromised with ageing.

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“…In mice models of AD, expressing the amyloid precursor protein (APP), progressive degeneration of the VTA dopaminergic neurons was observed. Interestingly, neurodegeneration of the VTA dopaminergic neurons occurs at the pre-plaque stage in this model [152]. Additionally, accumulation of Aβ in transgenic AD mice, or administration of Aβ1-42 oligomers in WT mice leads to reduced dopamine release in the cortex.…”

Section: Psycho-behavioural Anomalies As Diagnostic Marker For Neurolmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…In regions like the hippocampal formation, the rates of atrophy might be even higher [139]. The hippocampus is responsible for memory formation, damage to this area is believed to underlie the memory loss in AD [152]. The hippocampal formation receives cortical as well as sub-cortical inputs.…”

Section: Psycho-behavioural Anomalies As Diagnostic Marker For Neurolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neuropathological observations have demonstrated extensive disruption in the hippocampal formation and the extrinsic (cortical and sub-cortical) connections in the post-mortem AD brains. Thus, suggesting that the progressive brain damage might contribute towards worsening memory and cognition in AD [152]. Latest hypothesis suggests that the earliest pathology associated with AD is due to the accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau in the neurons of the locus coeruleus (LC) [153].…”

Section: Psycho-behavioural Anomalies As Diagnostic Marker For Neurolmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neurochemicals, Behaviours and Psychiatric Perspectives of Neurological Diseases

Choudhury¹,

Sahu²,

Ramanujam³

et al. 2018

Neuropsychiatry

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Structural changes in different regions of the brain have become clinically relevant and regarded as the signature phenomenon for neurological diseases. Morphological changes in brain are also associated with neuronal and neurochemical alterations. Studies have showed that minute changes in neurochemical levels may have marked impact on the psychobehaviour of the subject. Several neurological disease profiles have been reported with such specific psychobehavioural expression. However, application of behavioural abnormalities as possible disease progress markers has not been considered and emphasised much. Reports suggested that-the subjects, who have already entered into the terminal stage of the disease, used to show cardinal behavioural signs for a specific disease profile. However, psychological expressions are comparatively early expressive. As most of the neurodegenerative disorders are unidirectional and progressive by nature, therapeutic intervention at the right time is essential for attaining the desired outcome. Moreover, early diagnosis can aid in managing the disease progression also. Psychobehavioural analysis could meet the expected outcome of disease diagnosis if implemented properly and timely. In the present review, we have amalgamated the reported behavioural anomalies with the supportive background from neurochemical basis. Further, we have concluded that behaviour centric studies could be a potential diagnostic tool for the early diagnosis of major neurological diseases such as Alzheimer disease, Parkinson's disease, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Bipolar disorder, Schizophrenia, Impulse control disorder (ICD) and Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).

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The Locus Coeruleus: Essential for Maintaining Cognitive Function and the Aging Brain

Cited by 367 publications

References 130 publications

Binding by Random Bursts: A Computational Model of Cognitive Control

Binding by Random Bursts: A Computational Model of Cognitive Control

Emotional arousal and recognition memory are differentially reflected in pupil diameter responses during emotional memory for negative events in younger and older adults

Neurochemicals, Behaviours and Psychiatric Perspectives of Neurological Diseases

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