The linkage between the lifestyle of knowledge-workers and their intra-metropolitan residential choice: A clustering approach based on self-organizing maps

Frenkel, Amnon; Bendit, Edward; Kaplan, Sigal

doi:10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2012.09.001

Cited by 41 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…3 and 4 reflects location selectivity: the central districts of fewer than a dozen cities are represented in the upper quintile tracts, while suburban, peri-urban, and rural areas are predominantly represented in the lower quintile. This spatial distribution, along with the associations revealed in this study, lends support to certain well-known phenomena, such as likeminded individuals' tendency to gather in places with particular attributes (Atkinson 2006;Frenkel et al 2013). Even with Millennials' aptitude with communication technologies that reduce the need for geographic propinquity (Rainer and Rainer 2011;Burstein 2013), the clustering of older Millennials in urban and central locations in the Bay Area suggests that "place" remains important.…”

Section: Model Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

“…This could be examined indirectly through residence factors such as housing costs or householder incomes. Household composition, for example, may be important in identifying the types of people living in Census tracts with high numbers of Gen Y residents, since the composition of the household and the life roles of household members play a role in the kind of housing desired (Frenkel et al 2013). A closer look at the local labor market as a driver of geographic relocation is also warranted, given the Bay Area's unique role in the global economy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Ecological Exploration of Generation Y: Residence Location Choice in the San Francisco Bay Area

Atherwood

2014

Appl. Spatial Analysis

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Research interest in Generation Y (the children of the Baby Boomers) has centered on interrelational attributes such as workplace dynamics and behavioral patterns. Less well understood, however, is whether the preferences of Gen Y relate to the attributes of the places where Gen Y is likelier to reside. An ecological study of the San Francisco Bay Area is conducted to explore the relationship between traits commonly claimed as preferences of the Gen Y cohort and the places where cohort members live. Results show a globally positive association at the Census tract scale between attributes believed to be preferred by the cohort-such as racial diversity and knowledge-based occupations-and the percentage of Gen Y residents, which may indicate a locational proclivity for places reflecting or reinforcing preferred values. However, these associations become inconsistent when examined through a racial lens, suggesting a more complicated definition of Gen Y values exists than is popularly given.

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Section: Model Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Ecological Exploration of Generation Y: Residence Location Choice in the San Francisco Bay Area

Atherwood

2014

Appl. Spatial Analysis

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“…For instance, SOMs have been used in the biological sciences (Tamayo et al 1999), in the financial sector (Deboeck and Kohonen 1998), in the human sciences (Frenkel et al 2012) and in the sport sciences (Grunz et al 2012). SOMs have been used to forecast exchange rates (Khashei and Bijari 2012), time series (Simon et al 2005;Hsu et al 2010) and traffic flows (Van der Voort et al 1996).…”

Section: Self-organising Mapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A heavy rainfall sounding climatology over Gauteng, South Africa, using self-organising maps

Dyson

2015

Clim Dyn

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The daily weather at a particular place is largely influenced by the synoptic circulation and thermodynamic profile of the atmosphere. Heavy rainfall occurs from a particular subset of synoptic and thermodynamic states. Baseline climatologies provide objective information on heavy rainfall-producing circulation patterns and thermodynamic variables. This is how climatologically large or extreme values associated with heavy rainfall are identified. The aim of this research is to provide a heavy rainfall sounding climatology in austral summer over Gauteng, South Africa, using self-organising maps (SOMs).The results show that the SOM captures the intra-seasonal variability of heavy rainfall soundings by clearly distinguishing between the atmospheric conditions on early summer (October to December) and late summer (January to March) heavy rainfall days. Conditions associated with heavy early summer rainfall are large vertical wind shear and conditional instability, while the atmosphere is drier and cooler than when heavy rainfall occurs in late summer. Late summer heavy rainfall conditions are higher convective instability and small vertical wind shear values. The SOM climatology shows that some heavy rainfall days occur in both early and late summer when large-scale synoptic weather systems cause strong near-surface moisture flux and large values of wind shear. On these days, both the conditional and convective instability of the atmosphere are low and heavy rainfall results from the strong synoptic forcing. In contrast, heavy rainfall also occurs on days when synoptic circulation is not very favourable and the air is relatively dry, but the atmosphere is unstable with warm surface conditions and heavy 2 rainfall develops from local favourable conditions. The SOM climatology provides guidelines to critical values of sounding-derived parameters for all these scenarios.

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“…Yet, it is interesting that the average household size among CCDs (mean = 1.65), did not vary significantly between 2000 and 2010, suggesting that family structure -particularly the enduring pattern of fewer and smaller families within central urban neighbourhoods -did not change appreciably over the decade. Clearly, there still exists a strong life cycle element, with families generally preferring suburban locations with child-oriented amenities such as large yards and parks, shopping centres, quiet residential subdivisions, and highachieving schools (Frenkel, Bendit, & Kaplan, 2013;Lawton et al, 2013;van Oort, Weterings, & Verlinde, 2003). However, as more people live alone and have fewer children (US Census Bureau, 2013), the convenience of proximity -especially to work and to entertainment -inherent in urban environments is likely to become increasingly advantageous for those in their middle years and at the peak of their professional careers.…”

Section: Demographic Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While CCDs are clearly a magnet for human capital as measured by educational attainment, analyses using occupation-based measures (including the examination herein of workers with creative-knowledge occupations) have likewise indicated that highly skilled workers are particularly attracted to central urban neighbourhoods, as well as low-density suburban and exurban areas, depending on life style preferences and life cycle stage (Florida, 2013;Frenkel et al, 2013;Lawton et al, 2013;McGranahan & Wojan, 2007). This polarization of human and creative capital in gentrified older neighbourhoods and new suburban enclaves in metropolitan America has paralleled a rise in income inequality and residential segregation by income in recent decades (Fry & Taylor, 2012;Watson, 2009).…”

Section: Economic Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neighbourhood change among creative–cultural districts in mid-sized US metropolitan areas, 2000–10

Bereitschaft

2014

Regional Studies, Regional Science

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Cities across the United States are experiencing a surge in urban residential development, particularly within the downtown core and other centrally located, historic, mixed-use urban neighbourhoods. Often situated in former warehouse districts or other 'marginal' areas, many of these neighbourhoods have been revalorized and reinvented as hubs of creative-cultural production and consumption. Through an examination of 102 US neighbourhoods in 70 mid-sized metropolitan areas, this article explores patterns in the physical form, geography, and recent demographic and socio-economic evolution of the 'creative-cultural district' (CCD). The results of this exploratory analysis suggest that over the previous decade (2000-10), the majority of CCDs attracted high-skill, high-wage creative-knowledge workers at a rate faster than their respective metropolitan areas. This 'creative gentrification' was also evident in rising residential populations, household income, education and rent. Rent increased faster than income in over half the surveyed neighbourhoods, suggesting that a widening deficit in affordable housing has accompanied growing consumer demand for vibrant urban neighbourhoods and associated arts/cultural/entertainment amenities.Keywords: cultural district; creative class; creative city; neighbourhood change; gentrification; creative gentrification Introduction While dynamic, creative-cultural or 'neo-bohemian' (Lloyd, 2002) urban neighbourhoods have thrived for decades in the United States' premier world cities, such as New York, Los Angeles, San Francisco and Chicago, the scope of their recent success and popularity in cities across the country, as well as their propensity to attract a sizable residential population, is unprecedented in recent times. Although the issues of displacement, inequity and homogenization associated with gentrification continue to present considerable challenges, the revitalization of urban neighbourhoods may represent the stirrings of a significant and broadly supported turnaround in the economic fate of many US cities. This may be particularly true of mid-sized US metropolitan areas (roughly those with populations between 300,000 and 3.5 million), many of which still struggle to maintain healthy, liveable and relevant urban centres. This article explores the creative-cultural district (CCD) as it exists in the United States, building upon and extending previous examinations of creative-cultural neighbourhoods (Evans, 2009;Lloyd, 2002;McCarthy, 2005; Montgomery, 2003) and investigating the physical form, Regional Studies, Regional Science, 2014 Vol. 1, No. 1, 158-183, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21681376.2014 geography, and recent demographic and socio-economic shifts among a large (N = 102) and diverse sample of urban neighbourhoods.CCDs may be described as centrally located, and often historic, urban neighbourhoods that serve as nodes of creative-cultural production and consumption (e.g., recording studios and music venues, art studios and galleries, live theatre, dining and retail, ...

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The linkage between the lifestyle of knowledge-workers and their intra-metropolitan residential choice: A clustering approach based on self-organizing maps

Cited by 41 publications

References 37 publications

An Ecological Exploration of Generation Y: Residence Location Choice in the San Francisco Bay Area

An Ecological Exploration of Generation Y: Residence Location Choice in the San Francisco Bay Area

A heavy rainfall sounding climatology over Gauteng, South Africa, using self-organising maps

Neighbourhood change among creative–cultural districts in mid-sized US metropolitan areas, 2000–10

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