The limits and merits of internationalism: experts, the state and the international community in Poland in the first half of the twentieth century

From Neo-Slavism to Internationalism: Interwar Central Europe and the Search for the Lost Mountains

“…During the First World War, the political polarisation reinvigorated internationalist ideas among European and North American mountaineers. 23 In early 1917, when hopes were high that the war would not last for much longer, mountaineers envisioned a congress 'beneath the entwined national banners of the victorious Allies' after 'the common enemy [had been] crushed'. 24 Three months after the diplomats and delegates had left the Paris Peace Conference, the alpine clubs of the Allied and neutral countries met for their own version of post-war conference in Monaco on the French Riviera.…”

“…President Barth applauded international cooperation while at the same time communicating that he regarded calls for a permanent organisation as unattainable (or undesirable) ideals. 23 The initiative came from the president of the French Alpine Club, Baron Gabet, who was determined to revive the role of the club as the leading organiser of international alpine gatherings. the meeting rooms than any other topic.…”