The lifetime determination of ARC reactor as a load-following plant in the energy framework

Segantin, Stefano; Testoni, Raffaella; Zucchetti, Massimo

doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2018.11.010

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The original VV configuration is characterized as follows: 0.1 cm of tungsten as first wall; 1 cm of Inconel 718 as structural material (here referred as STR1); 2 cm of flowing FLiBe as blanket and coolant; 1 cm of beryllium as neutron multiplier (here referred as Nmult layer); 3 cm of Inconel 718 as second structure (here referred as STR2) and roughly 1 m of bulk FLiBe in a tank [2]. Also, based on ARC given fusion power output (525 MW) its neutron production rate has been computed to be 1.86E+20 n/s [2] [3].…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has FLiBe channels flowing poloidally inside the double walled vacuum vessel and the VV itself is immersed in a bulk FLiBe tank, to maximize tritium breeding and magnets shielding [1,2]. So far, the VV design mainly focused on structure integrity [1,3] while looking to fulfill the tritium breeding ratio (TBR) > 1 requirement. The outcome was a double walled vessel with two structural layers of Inconel 718, a tungsten first wall and it was found the necessity of a Beryllium layer for overcoming the minimum TBR requirement, which was finally found to be 1.1 [1] and lately 1.08 [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimization of tritium breeding ratio in ARC reactor

Segantin

Testoni

Hartwig

et al. 2020

Fusion Engineering and Design

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Affordable Robust Compact reactor is a conceptual design for a Tokamak conceived by Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) researchers. The design of this tokamak is under development and update. One of the key parameters for fusion reactor power plants is the tritium breeding ratio (TBR), which has to guarantee the tritium self-sufficiency. The tritium inventory circulating in a fusion power plant must be minimized. In the meantime, to enhance plant's economics, the amount of tritium generated and stored should be maximized, since it would be used to startup new reactors. Both of the aforementioned trends meet their best in a TBR as high as possible. In this work, ARC tritium breeding ratio is studied and optimized. Taking advantage of Monte Carlo neutron transport codes, several configurations of ARC's blanket and vacuum vessel have been analyzed in order to find the most effective one for a high TBR. The study takes into account different materials for the structure, such as Inconel718, V-15Cr-5Ti and Eurofer97. Moreover, it scans different width of coolant's channels and evaluates the effect of lithium-6 enrichment in the blanket looking for the best configuration in terms of TBR.

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Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of tritium breeding ratio in ARC reactor

Segantin

Testoni

Hartwig

et al. 2020

Fusion Engineering and Design

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the traditional value chain, the supply matches demand by up-regulating production when consumption increases. This regulation is typically done by fast responding production units such as gas turbines which, however, are expensive to run [10]. The increasing share of renewable energy, such as wind and solar, increase the complexity and costs of following the demand.…”

Section: A Demand Response In the Danish Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agent-based Simulation Design for Technology Adoption

Christensen¹,

Ma²,

Varbak³

et al. 2020

2020 IEEE/SICE International Symposium on System Integration (SII)

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The global consequences of climate change calls for adoption of new technologies across all sectors of society. However, it is important to know how fast new technologies are adopted to reach the political climate goals. This paper presents a method for designing agent-based simulations for studying technology adoption. The method includes the design of simulation population, agent adoption logic, and external factors influencing agents' adoption decisions. A case study of the Danish commercial greenhouses' adoption of a smart energy solution is investigated. The result is presented with Roger's technology adoption curve which can be used to demonstrate the desired adoption rate by regulating different simulation parameters. The adoption rate of 50% with the return on the investment of 3 and 5 years is investigated. The greenhouse segment of growing pot plants with an area of more than 20,000 m2 is found to be the innovators. The simulation result shows that the population categories of the 'innovators', 'early adopters', and 'early majority' don't change between the return on investment time of 3 and 5 years. Furthermore, the relation of the return on investment time and the initial cost is close to linear. Hence, a lower/higher initial cost will result in a shorter/longer return on investment time.

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“…According to the European Roadmap towards electricity from fusion [1], the European Demonstration Fusion Power Reactor (EU-DEMO) reactor project will follow the ITER experiment with the aim of demonstrating the possibility to produce net electricity from nuclear fusion reactions. In parallel, similar efforts to develop demonstration reactors or "fast pathways" to nuclear fusion are taking place in Korea [2], China [3], and in the US [4], where the issues of the lifetime of such a reactor when integrated in the energy grid are under investigation [5]. In Europe, while the cost analysis of a nuclear fusion power plant (NFPP) is being investigated based on simplified models of the physics, engineering and economical aspects [6], the EUROfusion socio-economic research on the role of nuclear fusion in the future energy mix aims to investigate the social acceptability of the technology and the conditions for its deployment once it is ready for the energy market, which may affect specific choices during the research and development stage [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Effects of Electrification of the Road Transport Sector on the Possible Penetration of Nuclear Fusion in the Long-Term European Energy Mix

Lerede

Bustreo²,

Gracceva

et al. 2020

Energies

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The European Roadmap towards the production of electricity from nuclear fusion foresees the potential availability of nuclear fusion power plants (NFPPs) in the second half of this century. The possible penetration of that technology, typically addressed by using the global energy system EUROFusion TIMES Model (ETM), will depend, among other aspects, on its costs compared to those of the other available technologies for electricity production, and on the future electricity demand. This paper focuses on the ongoing electrification process of the transport sector, with special attention devoted to road transport. A survey on the present and forthcoming technologies, as foreseen by several manufacturers and other models, and an international vehicle database are taken into account to develop the new road transport module, then implemented and harmonized inside ETM. Following three different storylines, the computed results are presented in terms of the evolution of the road transport demand in the next decades, fleet composition and CO 2 emissions. The ETM results are in line with many other studies. On one hand, they highlight, for the European road transport energy consumption pattern, the need for dramatic changes in the transport market, if the most ambitious environmental goals are to be pursued. On the other hand, the results also show that NFPP adoption on a commercial scale could be justified within the current projection of the investment costs, if the deep penetration of electricity in the road transport sector also occurs.

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The lifetime determination of ARC reactor as a load-following plant in the energy framework

Cited by 14 publications

References 23 publications

Optimization of tritium breeding ratio in ARC reactor

Optimization of tritium breeding ratio in ARC reactor

Agent-based Simulation Design for Technology Adoption

Analysis of the Effects of Electrification of the Road Transport Sector on the Possible Penetration of Nuclear Fusion in the Long-Term European Energy Mix

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