The life history of <i>Galaxias vulgaris</i> Stokell, with a comparison with <i>G. maculatus attenuatus</i>

Benzie, Vivienne

doi:10.1080/00288330.1968.9515261

Cited by 36 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Those of banded kokopu {Galaxias fasciatus Gray) were described by Ots & Eldon (1975); of inanga (G. maculatus (Jenyns)) by Benzie (1968b), andMcDowall (1968); of common river galaxias (G. vulgaris Stokell) by Benzie (1968a) and Cadwallader (1976); and of dwarf galaxias (G. divergens Stokell) by Hopkins (1971). The larvae of other New Zealand Galaxias species remain undescribed.…”

Section: Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Common river galaxias and dwarf galaxias are known as spring spawners (Benzie 1968a;Hopkins 1971;Cadwallader 1976), so that it is unlikely that our larvae belong to these species. Furthermore, at least common river galaxias is hitherto known in West Coast catchments only in the Maruia River, headwaters of the Buller River system (McDowall 1990).…”

Section: Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From observations of mature to ripe fish in the adult populations, it has been conjectured that spawning takes place in autumn and early winter (McDowall 1990);and back-M94053 Received 20 October 1994;accepted 3 February 1995 calculation from date of capture, using otolith daily growth rings (McDowall et al 1994), indicated that hatching of whitebait returning from the sea had taken place between mid April and early June. A spawning date about 3-4 weeks earlier than that seems likely, on the basis of development time in other galaxiids (Benzie 1968a(Benzie , 1968bMcDowall 1968;Mitchell & Penlington 1982). Spawning has been observed in an Australian population of koaro (Koehn & O'Connor 1992) during May-June, but has never been observed in New Zealand.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emigrating larvae of koaro,Galaxias brevipinnisGünther (Teleostei: Galaxiidae), from the Otira River, New Zealand

McDowall

Suren

1995

New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research

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Fish larvae were collected in stream benthic invertebrate drift nets from the Otira River, near Arthur's Pass, New Zealand during a study of benthic drift. They are identified as probably those of koaro (Galaxias brevipinnis Gunther) on the basis of estimates of myomere counts (indicating Galaxiidae or Retropinnidae); by a process of elimination of likely species on the basis of distance up stream, elevation, and habitat characteristics; and by determining fish species in the Otira River tributaries upstream of the sampling location. This comprises the first likely record of emigrating larvae of koaro, a species known to be diadromous by the return migrations from the sea of whitebait juveniles during spring. A newly hatched larva of koaro is described and figured.

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Section: Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emigrating larvae of koaro,Galaxias brevipinnisGünther (Teleostei: Galaxiidae), from the Otira River, New Zealand

McDowall

Suren

1995

New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research

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“…Four species examined in this study (Galaxias maculatus, G. argenteus, G. brevipinnis, and G. fasciatus) possess a diadromous larval stage (Benzie 1968, Woods 1968, McDowall 1970) and the last 3 of these species showed no intraspecific variation in electropherograms for 74 fish from 41 discrete populations. McDowall (1970) found little evidence of population differences in meristic characters for these species apart from a possible temperature-dependant cline in vertebral numbers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Comparison of muscle myogen types shows G. maculatus to have a close relationship with the alpine galaxiids, but G. maculatus has previously been considered to be an offshoot from a main Galaxias stock with marine affinities (Benzie 1968). McDowall (1970) also considered G. maculatus (and its immediate derivative G. gracilis) to stand far apart from the other New Zealand Galaxias species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle myogens in the New Zealand Galaxiidae

Mitchell

Scott²

1979

New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research

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The muscle myogen proteins of 10 species of the family Galaxiidae exhibited a high degree of species specificity when separated by starch gel electrophoresis. Non-diadromous, nonlacustrine species had some variation in the proteins present, while diadromous and lacustrine species, except for Galaxias maculatus, had remarkably uniform muscle myogen electropherograms. The variation can be explained by polymorphism and mosaic evolution of isolated freshwater populations. It was found that previously erected specific and generic categories, except for G. vulgaris, are clearly defined by differences in muscle protein. The standardised electropherogram types obtained were subjected to cluster analysis using both squared Euclidean distance and the complement of Jacard's coefficient with average sorting strategy. A principal component analysis was also carried out. The first two components of the principal component analysis widely spaced the three genera included in this study (Salmo, Galaxias, and Neochanna), with N. burrowsius occupying an intermediate position between Galaxias and Neochanna. Previous workers have considered this species to be a connecting link between the two genera. The dendrogram produced by using squared Euclidean distance (which included all available information) first clustered the types into Salmoniidae and Galaxiidae. The latter were split into the genus Neochanna and the genus Galaxias which was then subdivided into stout-bodied species (G. argenleus and G. jasciatus) and slenderbodied species. G. brevipinnis and G. vulgaris types were further separated from the three alpine Galaxias species and G. maculatus. The substantial agreement of these results with previous taxonomic efforts indicates that electrophoretic data can be a valid taxonomic tool.

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A Preliminary Transcriptomic Study of Galaxiid Fishes Reveals a Larval Glycoprotein Gene Under Strong Positive Selection

Wallis

2014

Evolutionary Biology: Genome Evolution, Speciation, Coevolution and Origin of Life

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We describe protein sequences for a uromodulin-like larval glycoprotein (LGP) from 21 species of galaxiid fishes, with a MRCA about 30 Ma. These have been derived from both genomic DNA and cDNA, by conventional and Roche 454 sequencing.LGP shows a fast rate of evolution and an exceptionally strong signal of positive selection over the entire coding region, as evidenced byAcross all sequences, 182/336 (54 %) of residues are variable; many substitutions are profound/nonconservative and include in-frame indels. Genetic distances are, on average, 2.4x larger for coding region (996 bp) than introns (1459 bp).Our initial in situ work shows that the gene is active in developing skin and gill arches, which are likely conduits for pathogens. As ZP-domain proteins have been recently categorized as members of the immunoglobulin superfamily, we believe it is likely that LGP is an immune protein, and that these fishes are engaged in a Red Queen arms race.

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The life history of Galaxias vulgaris Stokell, with a comparison with G. maculatus attenuatus

Cited by 36 publications

References 2 publications

Emigrating larvae of koaro,Galaxias brevipinnisGünther (Teleostei: Galaxiidae), from the Otira River, New Zealand

Emigrating larvae of koaro,Galaxias brevipinnisGünther (Teleostei: Galaxiidae), from the Otira River, New Zealand

Muscle myogens in the New Zealand Galaxiidae

A Preliminary Transcriptomic Study of Galaxiid Fishes Reveals a Larval Glycoprotein Gene Under Strong Positive Selection

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