The life cycle of Hymenoscyphus fraxineus on Manchurian ash, Fraxinus mandshurica, in Japan

Inoue, Takahiro; Okane, Izumi; Ishiga, Yasuhiro; Degawa, Yousuke; Hosoya, Tsuyoshi; Yamaoka, Yuichi

doi:10.1016/j.myc.2018.12.003

Cited by 20 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Furthermore, the possibility of the endophytic occurrence of the fungus was examined, because no symptoms have been observed in Fraxinus trees where the first occurrence of H. fraxineus in Japan was reported. With a clear experiment in combination with field observations, Inoue et al (2018) confirmed the occurrence of H. fraxineus as an endophyte in living leaves of F. mandshurica in Japan.…”

Section: Ash Diebacksupporting

confidence: 53%

Systematics, ecology, and application of <i>Helotiales</i>: Recent progress and future perspectives for research with special emphasis on activities within Japan

Hosoya

2021

Mycoscience

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Helotiales is one of the most diverse groups of apothecial ascomycetes, including 3000-4000 taxa. Recent progress in the systematics, ecology, and their applications through research is herein reviewed based on the experiences of the author with a special emphasis on activities in Japan. In the past 30 y, more than 50 helotialean taxa have been added to the mycobiota of Japan, including new taxa. With the advent of molecular phylogeny, some families have been revisited, such as members with stroma (Sclerotiniaceae and Rutstroemiaceae) or hairs (Hyaloscyphaceae and Lachnaceae). Although the monophyly of Helotiales has not yet been demonstrated, our understanding of its phylogeny has greatly advanced. The unexpected ecological nature represented by endophytism has been revealed through barcoding and other molecular techniques. The research history of ash dieback is also reviewed, and the endophytism/saprophytism of the pathogen on its original host is discussed. Drug discoveries within Helotiales are reviewed, and successful examples are presented. As future perspectives, both the cumulation of occurrence and sequence data of Helotiales is greatly encouraged to elucidate this important group of fungi.

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Section: Ash Diebacksupporting

confidence: 53%

Systematics, ecology, and application of <i>Helotiales</i>: Recent progress and future perspectives for research with special emphasis on activities within Japan

Hosoya

2021

Mycoscience

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“…In its native environment, F. mandschurica co-exists with both EAB and ADB 28,29,55 , so it is interesting that our panel of European ash leaves showed greater diversity of secoiridoids than F. mandschurica with only 21 out of 27 F. excelsior secoiridoids identified in F. mandschurica. Of the six F. excelsior specific secoiridoids, two of them (2 and 18) were much more abundant in the Danish leaf extracts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Additionally, we compared secoiridoid glycoside profiles of UK and Danish ash to ascertain whether increased secoiridoid glycoside abundance is also observed in UK ash susceptible to ADB. We also profiled F. mandschurica secoiridoid glycosides, as both A. planipennis and H. fraxineus naturally co-exist on this species 23,28,29 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Diversity of secoiridoid glycosides in leaves of UK and Danish ash provide new insight for ash dieback management

Sidda

Song

Parker

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Secoiridoid glycosides are anti-feeding deterrents of the Oleaceae family recently highlighted as potential biomarkers in Danish ash trees to differentiate between those tolerant and susceptible to the fungal disease ash dieback. With the knowledge that emerald ash borer has recently entered Europe from Russia, and that extensive selection trials are ongoing in Europe for ash dieback tolerant European ash (Fraxinus excelsior), we undertook comprehensive screening of secoiridoid glycosides in leaf extracts of trees tolerant and susceptible to ash dieback sampled from sites in the UK and Denmark. Here we report an unexpected diversity of secoiridoid glycosides in UK trees and higher levels of secoiridoid glycosides in the UK sample group. While it is unlikely that secoiridoid glycosides generally can serve as reliable markers for ash dieback susceptibility, there are differences between tolerant and susceptible groups for specific secoiridoids. We predict that the high levels—and structural diversity—of secoiridoids present in the UK group may provide a robust reservoir of anti-feeding deterrents to mitigate future herbivore threats such as the Emerald ash borer.

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“…At present, common ash populations in Europe are threatened by the alien invasive pathogen Hymenoscyphus fraxineus (T. Kowalski) Baral, Queloz, Hosoya, an ascomycete fungus and the primary causal agent of ash dieback. Hymenoscyphus fraxineus originates from Asia (Gross et al, 2014;Inoue et al, 2019) and was likely introduced to Europe through an imported nursery stock (Woodward and Boa, 2013). The pathogen spreads via wind-dispersed ascospores (Timmermann et al, 2011;Hietala et al, 2013;Chandelier et al, 2014) and infects trees primarily through the leaves and rachises (Cleary et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobiome of Fraxinus excelsior With Different Phenotypic Susceptibility to Ash Dieback

Agostinelli

Nguyen

Witzell

et al. 2021

Front. For. Glob. Change

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For the last two decades, large-scale population decline of European ash (Fraxinus excelsior) has occurred in Europe because of the introduction of the alien fungal pathogen, Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, from East Asia. Since European ash is a keystone species having critical importance for biodiversity, and only a small percentage of the ash population appears to show some tolerance against the pathogen, the loss of ash trees means that other associated organisms, especially those with high or obligate associations to ash, are at risk of further species declines. In this study, we used high throughput DNA sequencing and multivariate analysis to characterize: (i) the mycobiome in aerial tissues (i.e., leaf, bark, and xylem) of ash trees showing different phenotypic response to ash dieback, (ii) the temporal variation in fungal communities across the growing season, and (iii) the similarity in fungal community structure between ash and other common trees species that may serve as an ecological niche substitute for ash microfungi. Results showed that fungal communities differed among the three tissue types, susceptibility classes, in time and between sites. Trophic analysis of functional groups using the FUNGuild tool indicated a higher presence of pathotrophic fungi in leaves than in bark and xylem. The share of pathotrophic fungi increased along a gradient of low to high disease susceptibility in both bark and xylem tissue, while the proportion of symbiotrophic fungi correspondingly decreased in both tissue types. Neighboring, alternative host trees did not share all the fungal species found in ash, however, most microfungi uniquely associated to ash in this study are generalists and not strictly host specific. The progressive disappearance of ash trees on the landscape imposes a high risk for extinction of Red-listed macrofungal species, and breeding for resistance against ash dieback should help sustain important biodiversity associated to ash. Microfungal diversity though may be less prone to such demise since most ash-associated endophytes appear to occur on a broad range of host species.

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The life cycle of Hymenoscyphus fraxineus on Manchurian ash, Fraxinus mandshurica, in Japan

Cited by 20 publications

References 29 publications

Systematics, ecology, and application of <i>Helotiales</i>: Recent progress and future perspectives for research with special emphasis on activities within Japan

Systematics, ecology, and application of <i>Helotiales</i>: Recent progress and future perspectives for research with special emphasis on activities within Japan

Diversity of secoiridoid glycosides in leaves of UK and Danish ash provide new insight for ash dieback management

Mycobiome of Fraxinus excelsior With Different Phenotypic Susceptibility to Ash Dieback

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