The Lemon Sign

Thomas, Mariam

doi:10.1148/radiol.2281020448

Cited by 31 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…1 The etiology is multifactorial, and some genetic and environmental factors such as diet may be involved. 2 On sonography, the direct signs (splaying of neural arches, meningocoele) and indirect signs (ventriculomegaly, banana sign, and lemon sign) [3][4][5][6] of spina bifida are well established. However, these are signs that develop at a later stage, in the second trimester.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lemon sign refers to the shape of the fetal skull on sonography when the frontal bones lose their normal convex contour and appear flattened or inwardly scalloped, giving the skull a shape like a lemon. 6 Banana sign is another important and highly specific indirect sign for spina bifida that describes the abnormal configuration of the cerebellum seen in these cases; it can be seen from 12 weeks onward. 7,8 In the present case, these signs were not seen, because the defect was recognized at an early stage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early antenatal diagnosis of spina bifida presenting with a “step” in the posterior contour of an 8‐week embryo

Lulla¹,

Hegde²,

Shah³

et al. 2007

J of Clinical Ultrasound

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We report a case of spina bifida in the upper thoracic spine with an accompanying meningocoele suspected at 8 weeks' gestation via transvaginal sonography and confirmed at 13 weeks' gestation via 3-dimensional sonography. The fetal cranial vault and intracranial structures were normal. The only finding in the 8-week sonogram was a subtle angulation or "step" in the posterior contour of the embryo; this may be attributed to kyphosis, which often accompanies this condition. The presence of a "step" in the fetal contour must alert the sonologist to the possibility of spina bifida. To our knowledge, this is the earliest antenatal diagnosis of spina bifida.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early antenatal diagnosis of spina bifida presenting with a “step” in the posterior contour of an 8‐week embryo

Lulla¹,

Hegde²,

Shah³

et al. 2007

J of Clinical Ultrasound

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show abstract

“…1) shows with neural tube defects and is used as an indicator of spinal opening. The lemon sign is very helpful before 24 weeks gestation in diagnosis of spina bifida in high-risk population; however as gestational age advances as a result of development of the fetus the lemon sign becomes unclear and reliability reduces [1,2]. The lemon sign is not specific to spina bifida.…”

Section: Lemon Signmentioning

confidence: 99%

Signs on Obstetric Ultrasound Images in the Second Trimester

Uysal¹

2016

Ann Clin Anal Med

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“…The lemon sign ( Figure 2) is an useful sign in the detection of spina bifida and is commonly associated with hydrocephalus and Arnold-Chiari II malformation (4) . Such sign can be found in up to 98% of cases of spina bifida (5) .…”

Section: "Lemon Sign" In Spina Bifidamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lemon sign is not exclusive to spina bifida and can be observed in cases of encephalocele, thanatophoric dys-plasia, cystic hygroma, Dandy-Walker malformation, diaphragmatic hernia, corpus callosum agenesis, hydronephrosis and umbilical vein varices. The lemon sign is related to changes in the configuration of the fetal frontal bone, that loses convexity, becoming concave or linear at ultrasonography and can be found during the first six months of gestation (4) . This sign is explained by the loss of frontal bone convexity because of a decrease in the intraspinal pressure and secondary reduction in the intracranial pressure (6) .…”

Section: "Lemon Sign" In Spina Bifidamentioning

confidence: 99%

Sinais em neurorradiologia: parte 2

et al. 2011

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The use of signs for interpretation of images in neuroradiology is extremely useful. Some signs are quite specific and, in some cases, pathognomonic. In this second part of their essay, the authors describe 15 additional neuroradiological signs. Main characteristics of imaging findings will be approached and the significance of their role in the clinical practice will be discussed. Keywords: Radiological signs; Neuroradiology; Computed tomography; Magnetic resonance imaging.O uso de sinais na interpretação de imagens na neurorradiologia é extremamente útil. Muitos sinais são bastante específicos e em alguns casos, patognomônicos. Nesta segunda parte os autores descreverão 15 sinais neurorradiológicos adicionais. Serão novamente abordadas as principais características de imagem de cada um e sua importân-cia na prática clínica. Unitermos: Sinais radiológicos; Neurorradiologia; Tomografia computadorizada; Imagem por ressonância magnética. Abstract "High heel foot print sign" in the skull baseThe high heel foot print sign (Figure 1) is useful in the understanding of the intricate anatomy of the skull base and represent two relevant foramina. The anterior aspect of the high heel footprint represents the foramen ovale (FO), and the posterior aspect (the heel itself) the foramen spinosum (FS). The mandibular nerve, one of the three branches of the trigeminal nerve, is the main FO component (1) . Also, the otic Figure 1. Axial CT image demonstrating normal appearance of the skull base. The high heel foot print sign is evidenced. The small arrow indicates the foramen spinosum, and the large arrow, the foramen ovale. Anteriorly to the high heel footprint is the Vesalius foramen (venous foramen) (arrowhead). ganglion, the accessory meningeal artery, the lesser petrosal nerve and the emissary veins are found in this foramen. The middle meningeal artery is in the FS (2) , and the absence of such artery is related to the persistent stapedial artery (3) . "Lemon sign" in spina bifidaThe lemon sign (Figure 2) is an useful sign in the detection of spina bifida and is commonly associated with hydrocephalus and Arnold-Chiari II malformation (4) . Such sign can be found in up to 98% of cases of spina bifida (5) . The lemon sign is not exclusive to spina bifida and can be observed in cases of encephalocele, thanatophoric dys-

show abstract

The Lemon Sign

Cited by 31 publications

References 9 publications

Early antenatal diagnosis of spina bifida presenting with a “step” in the posterior contour of an 8‐week embryo

Early antenatal diagnosis of spina bifida presenting with a “step” in the posterior contour of an 8‐week embryo

Signs on Obstetric Ultrasound Images in the Second Trimester

Sinais em neurorradiologia: parte 2

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