The legacy of artisanal gold mining and its impact on fish health from Tapajós Amazonian region: A multi-biomarker approach

Montes, Caroline da Silva; Ferreira, María Auxiliadora Pantoja; Giarrizzo, Tommaso; Amado, Lílian Lund; Rocha, Rossineide Martins da

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132263

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…The Tapajós River was originally characterized as a river with crystalline waters (clear water) and a low concentration of suspended sediments (Diniz et al, 2022). In current research, high values of Hg have been observed, both related to mining in the Tapajós River and its tributaries (da Silva Montes et al, 2022)and related to leaching of eroded soil after deforestation and burning of forest cover (Lino et al, 2019). Figure 3 shows foci of irregular mining activities in regions close to the Tapajós riverbank.…”

Section: National and International Political Dimensionsmentioning

confidence: 52%

The connection between sustainable brand and business in the Amazon Forest – Local business owner’s POV

Diego¹,

Holanda

Oliveira

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The rhetorictoward entrepreneurship in the Amazon region highlights the importance of sustainable actions developed by local brands. But little attention has been given to the entrepreneur's vision regarding the results of said applied practices. This study seeks to understand the perception of entrepreneurs from their business model related to the connection of the Amazon rainforest brand. The study consisted of semi structuredinterviews with 7 brands of Amazonian products using grounded theory. The results show that entrepreneurs understand that the reach of the social dimension depends on the trifecta articulation: entrepreneurs, native people, and ecological and cultural dimensions codependence directly on shared traditional knowledge. It is observed that the political dimension is still little developed in the region and its effects on products are inconsequential. The economic dimension is still little favored using environmentally sustainable brands. Finally, the territorial dimension depends on the creation of permanent protection areas as well as agroforestry systems.

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Section: National and International Political Dimensionsmentioning

confidence: 52%

The connection between sustainable brand and business in the Amazon Forest – Local business owner’s POV

Diego¹,

Holanda

Oliveira

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Four hotspots in the Amazon Region have been identified as areas of particular concern because of the magnitude of ASGM activities since 2002 (Alvarez-Berríos and Mitchell Aide 2015 ): (1) the Madre de Dios region, Peru (Asner and Tupayachi 2017 ; Caballero Espejo et al 2018 ; Diringer et al 2020 ; Barocas et al 2023 ); (2) the Guiana Shield region that includes French Guiana, Guyana, and Suriname; (3) the Tapajós–Xingú region (Malm et al 1995 ; dos Santos et al 2000 ; Nevado et al 2010 ; Lino et al 2019 ; Passos et al 2008 ) that includes Central Amazon (Kasper et al 2014 ) and the Madeira River (Bastos et al 2006 , 2015 ; Mussy et al 2022 ; da Silva Montes et al 2022 ) in Brazil; and (4) the Magdalena–Urabá region of Colombia (Ashe 2012 ; Hacon et al 2014 ; Martinez et al 2018 ; Gonzalez et al 2019 ; Hacon et al 2020 ). These and other Hg point sources (e.g., petroleum extraction; Webb et al 2015 ) that are connected with river floodplain habitats, where daily and seasonal water level fluctuations can be extensive, appear to be sensitive to elevated methylation rates - during both droughts (Azevedo et al 2018 ) and flood periods (da Silva et al 2019 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global mercury concentrations in biota: their use as a basis for a global biomonitoring framework

Evers,

Ackerman,

Åkerblom

et al. 2024

Ecotoxicology

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An important provision of the Minamata Convention on Mercury is to monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of the adopted measures and its implementation. Here, we describe for the first time currently available biotic mercury (Hg) data on a global scale to improve the understanding of global efforts to reduce the impact of Hg pollution on people and the environment. Data from the peer-reviewed literature were compiled in the Global Biotic Mercury Synthesis (GBMS) database (>550,000 data points). These data provide a foundation for establishing a biomonitoring framework needed to track Hg concentrations in biota globally. We describe Hg exposure in the taxa identified by the Minamata Convention: fish, sea turtles, birds, and marine mammals. Based on the GBMS database, Hg concentrations are presented at relevant geographic scales for continents and oceanic basins. We identify some effective regional templates for monitoring methylmercury (MeHg) availability in the environment, but overall illustrate that there is a general lack of regional biomonitoring initiatives around the world, especially in Africa, Australia, Indo-Pacific, Middle East, and South Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Temporal trend data for Hg in biota are generally limited. Ecologically sensitive sites (where biota have above average MeHg tissue concentrations) have been identified throughout the world. Efforts to model and quantify ecosystem sensitivity locally, regionally, and globally could help establish effective and efficient biomonitoring programs. We present a framework for a global Hg biomonitoring network that includes a three-step continental and oceanic approach to integrate existing biomonitoring efforts and prioritize filling regional data gaps linked with key Hg sources. We describe a standardized approach that builds on an evidence-based evaluation to assess the Minamata Convention’s progress to reduce the impact of global Hg pollution on people and the environment.

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“…Hg is a metal that occurs naturally in the Amazonian environment in small quantities but constitutes an important pollutant derived from anthropogenic activities [40,54]. Once released into the environment, Hg is oxidized and will be available to be methylated, producing methylmercury (MeHg), a neurotoxic and teratogenic substance.…”

Section: Mechanism For Thg Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total Mercury Content in the Tissues of Freshwater Chelonium (Podocnemis expansa) and a Human Health Risk Assessment for the Amazon Population in Brazil

Targino,

Ribeiro,

Simões

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Researchers recognize the silent, negative and deleterious effects caused by mercury pollution in gold mining areas. Freshwater turtles are culturally part of the diet of riverside populations in the Amazon region and this area presents mercury (Hg) pollution issues mainly due to gold mining activities. Thus, this research aimed to evaluate the total mercury (THg) content in the different organs of Amazonian giant river turtle (Podocnemis expansa) and carry out a human health risk assessment associated with the consumption of these animals. This study was conducted in the Vila Balbina, municipality of Presidente Figueiredo, state of Amazonas, Brazil. Skin (n = 28), muscle (n = 19) and brain (n = 2) samples were analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (TDA-AAS) and a DMA-80™ mercury analyzer was used for the total mercury determinations. The average values found for THg in the skin, muscle and brain samples were, respectively, 0.1045 mg·kg−1, 0.1092 mg·kg−1 and 0.0601 mg·kg−1. Thus, THg was observed even though the P. expansa were kept in captivity, possibly due to previous contamination by air, water and food. The Hazard Quotient (HQ) was calculated considering a 9.07 g·day−1 intake dose of P. expansa and the consumption of turtles once a week showed an HQ = 2.45, which may cause long-term injuries to human health. Although the muscle concentrations were below the maximum limit established by the World Health Organization (WHO) and Brazilian regulatory agencies, it is important to evaluate consumption factors such as amount ingested, frequency and animal gender, which may cause a potential risk to regular consumers due to mercury bioaccumulation. The WHO may consider various aspects in order to warn the Amazon population about the severity and silent hazard of this metal, especially due to the importance of this matrix in the region. This region urgently needs government actions to inhibit clandestine mining and to prevent future serious, chronic health problems of the entire population.

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The legacy of artisanal gold mining and its impact on fish health from Tapajós Amazonian region: A multi-biomarker approach

Cited by 11 publications

References 96 publications

The connection between sustainable brand and business in the Amazon Forest – Local business owner’s POV

The connection between sustainable brand and business in the Amazon Forest – Local business owner’s POV

Global mercury concentrations in biota: their use as a basis for a global biomonitoring framework

Total Mercury Content in the Tissues of Freshwater Chelonium (Podocnemis expansa) and a Human Health Risk Assessment for the Amazon Population in Brazil

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