The last three years: multiband gravitational-wave observations of stellar-mass binary black holes

Klein, Antoine; Pratten, G.; Schmidt, P.; Moore, C. J.; Finch, Eliot; Bonino, Alice; Thomas, Linden; Williams, Natalie A.; Gerosa, Davide; McGee, Sean L.; Nicholl, M.; Vecchio, A.

doi:10.48550/arxiv.2204.03423

“…This finding was later supported by more detailed followup work [98,99]. However, in an independent study [100], a more pessismistic prediction was provided. There it is found that for stellar-mass black systems, like GW150914, one can predict the arrival time in the LVK band with a precision of ∼ hours from observations in the LISA band.…”

Section: Arrival Timesmentioning

confidence: 79%

Probing the speed of gravity with LVK, LISA, and joint observations

Harry

¹

,

Noller

²

2022

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Theories of dark energy that affect the speed of gravitational waves $$c_{\textrm{GW}}$$ c GW on cosmological scales naturally lead to a frequency-dependent transition of that speed close to the LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA (LVK) band. While observations such as GW170817 assure us that $$c_{\textrm{GW}}$$ c GW is extremely close to the speed of light in the LVK band, a frequency-dependent transition below the LVK band is a smoking-gun signal for large classes of dynamical dark energy theories. Here we discuss (1) how the remnants of such a transition can be constrained with observations in the LVK band, (2) what signatures are associated with such a transition in the LISA band, and (3) how joint observations in the LVK and LISA bands allow us to place tight constraints on this transition and the underlying theories. We find that deviations of $$c_{\textrm{GW}}$$ c GW can be constrained down to a level of $$\sim 10^{-17}$$ ∼ 10 - 17 in the LVK and LISA bands even for mild frequency-dependence, much stronger than existing bounds for frequency-independent $$c_{\textrm{GW}}\ne c$$ c GW ≠ c . We use the strain data from GW170817 to bound the deviation of $$c_{\textrm{GW}}$$ c GW to be less than $$10^{-17}$$ 10 - 17 at 100 Hz and less than $$10^{-18}$$ 10 - 18 at 500 Hz. We also identify a particularly interesting type of transition in between the LVK and LISA bands and show how multi-band observations can constrain this further. Finally, we discuss what these current and forecasted constraints imply for the underlying dark energy theories.

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“…These observatories can detect numerous bright GW sources, among which BNS, NS-BH and massive BBH. Moreover, a limited number of these sources might be observed in different frequency bands by both space and ground-based detectors, whose observations can then be combined to reduce uncertainties in the inference of the GW source parameters [92]. This combined analysis is expected to provide better determination of the luminosity distance measurement, though it might be applicable only to a small number of events [93][94][95].…”

Section: Gravitational Waves Observationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospects of testing late-time cosmology with weak lensing of gravitational waves and galaxy surveys

Balaudo¹,

Garoffolo²,

Martinelli³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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We investigate the synergy of upcoming galaxy surveys and gravitational wave (GW) experiments in constraining late-time cosmology, examining the cross-correlations between the weak lensing of gravitational waves (GW-WL) and the galaxy fields. Without focusing on any specific GW detector configuration, we benchmark the requirements for the high precision measurement of cosmological parameters by considering several scenarios, varying the number of detected GW events and the uncertainty on the inference of the source luminosity distance and redshift. We focus on ΛCDM and scalar-tensor cosmologies, using the Effective Field Theory formalism as a unifying language. We find that, in some of the explored setups, GW-WL contributes to the galaxy signal by doubling the accuracy on non-ΛCDM parameters, allowing in the most favourable scenarios to reach even percent and sub-percent level bounds. Though the most extreme cases presented here are likely beyond the observational capabilities of currently planned individual GW detectors, we show nonetheless that -provided that enough statistics of events can be accumulated -GW-WL offers the potential to become a cosmological probe complementary to LSS surveys, particularly for those parameters that cannot be constrained by other GW probes such as standard sirens.

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“…The primary signature here is not in the form of the signal itself, but instead even a small δ c GW will result in an 'arrival time' of the signal in the LVK band significantly different from what would be predicted from LISA observations of the signal itself. In [95] the authors find that for stellar-mass black systems, like GW150914, one can predict the arrival time in the LVK band with a precision of ∼ hours from observations in the LISA band. A δ c GW of ∼ 10 −13 for a source 100 Mpc away from the detectors will produce a arrival time delay of ∼ hours and is hence in principle detectable.…”

Section: B Arrival Timesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To increase the travel time by two minutes a value of only δ c GW = 3 × 10 −15 is required. To produce time shifts of ∼ 50000 seconds-roughly the accuracy at which an observation in the LISA band would be able to constrain the merger time [95]-would require 13 However, this time delay can quickly become very large. A value of only |δ c GW | = 8 × 10 −10 is required before the time delay is larger than a year and in such cases with a subluminal c GW we might observe the signal with LISA at the same time as the signal arriving at ground based observatories.…”

Section: Probing C Gw With Joint Lvk/lisa Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing the speed of gravity with LVK, LISA, and joint observations

Harry¹,

Noller²

2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Theories of dark energy that affect the speed of gravitational waves c GW on cosmological scales naturally lead to a frequency-dependent transition of that speed close to the LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA (LVK) band. While observations such as GW170817 assure us that c GW is extremely close to the speed of light in the LVK band, a frequency-dependent transition below the LVK band is a smoking-gun signal for large classes of dynamical dark energy theories. Here we discuss 1) how the remnants of such a transition can be constrained with observations in the LVK band, 2) what signatures are associated with such a transition in the LISA band, and 3) how joint observations in the LVK and LISA bands allow us to place tight constraints on this transition and the underlying theories. We find that deviations of c GW can be constrained down to a level of ∼ 10 −17 in the LVK and LISA bands even for mild frequency-dependence, much stronger than existing bounds for frequency-independent c GW = c. We use the strain data from GW170817 to bound the deviation of c GW to be less than 10 −17 at 100 Hz and less than 10 −18 at 500 Hz. We also identify a particularly interesting type of transition in between the LVK and LISA bands and show how multi-band observations can constrain this further. Finally, we discuss what these current and forecasted constraints imply for the underlying dark energy theories.

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The last three years: multiband gravitational-wave observations of stellar-mass binary black holes

Cited by 18 publications

References 71 publications

Probing the speed of gravity with LVK, LISA, and joint observations

Probing the speed of gravity with LVK, LISA, and joint observations

Prospects of testing late-time cosmology with weak lensing of gravitational waves and galaxy surveys

Probing the speed of gravity with LVK, LISA, and joint observations

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