The land use history, flora, and natural communities of the Isles Of Shoals, Rye, New Hampshire and Kittery, Maine

Nichols, William F.; Nichols, Virginia C.

doi:10.3119/07-14.1

Cited by 13 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…(Robinson 2012). By 1623, Europeans had established a foothold on the Isles of Shoals (Nichols andNichols 2008, Robinson 2012). Profitable seasonal fishing settlements developed on the islands, taking advantage of the abundance of Gadus morhua L. (Atlantic Cod), which was valued as a dried product in markets throughout southern Europe.…”

Section: Field-site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Identification of Shark Teeth (Elasmobranchii: Lamnidae) from a Historic Fishing Station on Smuttynose Island, Maine, Using Computed Tomography Imaging

Moyer

Hamilton

Seeley

et al. 2015

Northeastern Naturalist

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Field-site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Identification of Shark Teeth (Elasmobranchii: Lamnidae) from a Historic Fishing Station on Smuttynose Island, Maine, Using Computed Tomography Imaging

Moyer

Hamilton

Seeley

et al. 2015

Northeastern Naturalist

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The plant ecology of seabird colonies has been investigated to varying degrees worldwide (Ellis 2005). However, despite thousands of islands on the rocky coast of northeastern North Americamany with nesting seabirds-there are only a handful of published studies that have examined aspects of plant ecology on maritime islands in the region (Ellis et al 2006;Hodgdon and Pike 1969;Nichols and Nichols 2008;Smith and Schofield 1959). The current study explored the guano-associated flora of Mount Desert Rock, a remote, gull-nesting island off of the coast of Maine, U.S.A.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ornithocoprophilous Plants of Mount Desert Rock, a Remote Bird-Nesting Island in the Gulf of Maine, U.S.A

Rajakaruna¹,

Pope²,

Perez-Orozco³

et al. 2009

Rhodora

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Plants growing on seabird-nesting islands are uniquely adapted to deal with guano-derived soils high in N and P. Such ornithocoprophilous plants found in isolated, oceanic settings provide useful models for ecological and evolutionary investigations. The current study explored the plants found on Mount Desert Rock (MDR), a small seabird-nesting, oceanic island 44 km south of Mount Desert Island (MDI), Hancock County, Maine, U.S.A. Twenty-seven species of vascular plants from ten families were recorded. Analyses of guanoderived soils from the rhizosphere of the three most abundant species from birdnesting sites of MDR showed significantly higher (P , 0.05) NO 3 2 , available P, extractable Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn, and significantly lower Mn compared to soils from the rhizosphere of conspecifics on non-bird nesting coastal bluffs from nearby MDI. Bio-available Pb was several-fold higher in guano soils than for background levels for Maine. Leaf tissue elemental analyses from conspecifics on and off guano soils showed significant differences with respect to N, Ca, K, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Pb, although trends were not always consistent. Two-way ANOVA indicated a significant interaction between species and substrate for Ca, Mg, Zn, and Pb tissue accumulation, showing that for these four elements there is substantial differentiation among species found on and off of guano soil. A compilation of species lists from other important seabird-nesting islands in the region suggested an ornithocoprophilous flora for northeastern North America consisting of 168 species from 39 families, with Asteraceae (29 taxa; 17.3%), Poaceae (25 taxa; 14.9%), Polygonaceae (10 taxa; 5.95%), Caryophyllaceae (9 taxa; 5.4%), and Rosaceae (9 taxa; 5.4%) as the most species-rich families. The taxa were predominantly hermaphroditic (69%) and perennial (66%) species, native (60%) to eastern North America.

show abstract

“…This study seeks to illuminate the origins of muskrats on the Isles of Shoals archipelago from potential mainland source populations. The Isles are already known to harbor numerous non-native species: for example, 42% of plant species are non-native, and 23 of these are classified as invasive in New England [12] . Within the northern Gulf of Maine, there are several confirmed cases of intentional introductions of game and fur-bearing species, including deer, beavers, and rabbits, made in the first quarter of the century on large coastal islands [13] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During a sea level minimum approximately 11,000 years before present (YBP), a land bridge connected the islands to the mainland; the islands were then isolated as sea levels rose to modern levels 7,000 YBP [15] . The Isles were heavily used by humans in the 17 th century for cod fishing and supported a year-round human population of 600–1200 people [12] . The three largest islands—Appledore (AP; 40 ha), Smuttynose (10 ha), and Star Island (19 ha)—continue to sustain seasonal human activities on a much smaller scale [12] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetics Reveal the Origin and Timing of a Cryptic Insular Introduction of Muskrats in North America

Mychajliw

Harrison

2014

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The muskrat, Ondatra zibethicus, is a semiaquatic rodent native to North America that has become a highly successful invader across Europe, Asia, and South America. It can inflict ecological and economic damage on wetland systems outside of its native range. Anecdotal evidence suggests that, in the early 1900s, a population of muskrats was introduced to the Isles of Shoals archipelago, located within the Gulf of Maine, for the purposes of fur harvest. However, because muskrats are native to the northeastern coast of North America, their presence on the Isles of Shoals could be interpreted as part of the native range of the species, potentially obscuring management planning and biogeographic inferences. To investigate their introduced status and identify a historic source population, muskrats from Appledore Island of the Isles of Shoals, and from the adjacent mainland of Maine and New Hampshire, were compared for mitochondrial cytochrome b sequences and allele frequencies at eight microsatellite loci. Appledore Island muskrats consistently exhibited reduced genetic diversity compared with mainland populations, and displayed signatures of a historic bottleneck. The distribution of mitochondrial haplotypes is suggestive of a New Hampshire source population. The data presented here are consistent with a human-mediated introduction that took place in the early 1900s. This scenario is further supported by the zooarchaeological record and island biogeographic patterns. This is the first genetic study of an introduced muskrat population within US borders and of any island muskrat population, and provides an important contrast with other studies of introduced muskrat populations worldwide.

show abstract

The land use history, flora, and natural communities of the Isles Of Shoals, Rye, New Hampshire and Kittery, Maine

Cited by 13 publications

References 14 publications

Identification of Shark Teeth (Elasmobranchii: Lamnidae) from a Historic Fishing Station on Smuttynose Island, Maine, Using Computed Tomography Imaging

Identification of Shark Teeth (Elasmobranchii: Lamnidae) from a Historic Fishing Station on Smuttynose Island, Maine, Using Computed Tomography Imaging

Ornithocoprophilous Plants of Mount Desert Rock, a Remote Bird-Nesting Island in the Gulf of Maine, U.S.A

Genetics Reveal the Origin and Timing of a Cryptic Insular Introduction of Muskrats in North America

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About