Identification of Shark Teeth (Elasmobranchii: Lamnidae) from a Historic Fishing Station on Smuttynose Island, Maine, Using Computed Tomography Imaging

Moyer, Joshua K.; Hamilton, Nathan D.; Seeley, Robin Hadlock; Riccio, Mark L.; Bemis, William E.

doi:10.1656/045.022.0313

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…There was no lamniform species that showed the orthodont tooth histotype (a hollow pulp cavity surrounded by orthodentine) that is known from carcharhiniform sharks 25,26,31–33,37–41 . Teeth of the great white shark ( Carcharodon carcharias ) 31,32,42,43 , shortfin mako ( Isurus oxyrinchus ) 26,34 , and the salmon shark ( Lamna ditropis ) 44 are also lacking orthodentine and thus 13 out of 14 examined extant lamniform shark species follow an osteodont tooth mineralization pattern. Unfortunately, there is no data for the longfin mako ( Isurus paucus ), but as all lamnids as well as its closest relative, Isurus oxyrinchus , have osteodont teeth 26,34 , it seems eligible to assume that its teeth also follow an osteodont mineralization pattern.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-computed tomography imaging reveals the development of a unique tooth mineralization pattern in mackerel sharks (Chondrichthyes; Lamniformes) in deep time

Jambura

Kindlimann

López‐Romero

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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The cartilaginous fishes (Chondrichthyes) have a rich fossil record which consists mostly of isolated teeth and, therefore, phylogenetic relationships of extinct taxa are mainly resolved based on dental characters. One character, the tooth histology, has been examined since the 19 th century, but its implications on the phylogeny of Chondrichthyes is still in debate. We used high resolution micro-CT images and tooth sections of 11 recent and seven extinct lamniform sharks to examine the tooth mineralization processes in this group. Our data showed similarities between lamniform sharks and other taxa (a dentinal core of osteodentine instead of a hollow pulp cavity), but also one feature that has not been known from any other elasmobranch fish: the absence of orthodentine. Our results suggest that this character resembles a synapomorphic condition for lamniform sharks, with the basking shark, Cetorhinus maximus , representing the only exception and reverted to the plesiomorphic tooth histotype. Additionally, † Palaeocarcharias stromeri , whose affiliation still is debated, shares the same tooth histology only known from lamniform sharks. This suggests that † Palaeocarcharias stromeri is member of the order Lamniformes, contradicting recent interpretations and thus, dating the origin of this group back at least into the Middle Jurassic.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-computed tomography imaging reveals the development of a unique tooth mineralization pattern in mackerel sharks (Chondrichthyes; Lamniformes) in deep time

Jambura

Kindlimann

López‐Romero

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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“…This is also in line with previous studies, in which the circumpulpar dentine in Hemipristis elongata was described as orthodentine [ 29 ]. The presence of osteodentine in the crown and the absence of a hollow pulp cavity in teeth of Hemipristis elongata would imply that Hemipristis elongata indeed has an osteodont dentition and therefore shares the same tooth histology with lamniform sharks [ 24 , 25 , 33 ]. However, we strongly disagree with this interpretation, as it is evident from our study, that the tooth histology of Hemipristis differs from the one found in Isurus oxyrinchus .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, we strongly disagree with this interpretation, as it is evident from our study, that the tooth histology of Hemipristis differs from the one found in Isurus oxyrinchus . Two striking differences are the distinct vascularization pattern and the presence of orthodentine in Hemipristis (the orthodentine being absent in lamniform sharks [ 24 , 25 , 33 ]). According to this pattern we hypothesize that the tooth histology in Hemipristis derived from an ancestral orthodont histotype as exemplified in all other carcharhiniforms and displays a modified orthodonty instead of osteodonty, which is found only in lamniform sharks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This resulted in 2D pictures of virtual sections through jaws and teeth, displaying the degree of mineralization in each tooth within any given tooth file. A tooth file consists of the most labially situated tooth and all following replacement teeth, displaying all developmental stages [ 24 ]. The resulting 2D images were edited using Adobe Photoshop CS6 (version 13.0, Adobe Systems, San Jossé, USA) concerning colour balance, contrast and labelling.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Orthodont teeth have hollow pulp cavities surrounded by orthodentine underling the enameloid, a dental structure known from most sharks and rays [ 23 , 25 – 32 ]). In contrast, osteodont teeth have the pulp cavity filled completely with osteodentine, a dental structure mainly known in lamniform sharks [ 24 , 25 , 33 ] and some batoids [ 31 , 34 ]. These different histotypes were assumed to bear a phylogenetic signal [ 22 , 35 ], but this is challenged by data on hybodont sharks, the sister group to modern sharks and rays [ 36 , 37 ], which revealed the presence of both histotypes within hybodont sharks of the same genus [ 38 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tooth mineralization and histology patterns in extinct and extant snaggletooth sharks, Hemipristis (Carcharhiniformes, Hemigaleidae)—Evolutionary significance or ecological adaptation?

et al. 2018

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Shark jaws exhibit teeth that are arranged into distinct series and files and display great diversities in shapes and structures, which not only is related to their function (grasping, cutting, crushing) during feeding, but also bear a strong phylogenetic signal. So far, most research on the relationship between shark teeth and feeding ecology and systematics focused on the external tooth morphology only. Although the tooth histology of sharks has been examined since the early 19th century, its functional and systematic implications are still ambiguous. Shark teeth normally consist of either a porous, cellular dentine, osteodentine (in lamniform sharks and some batoids) or a dense layer of orthodentine (known from different sharks). Sharks of the order Carcharhiniformes, comprising ca. 60% of all extant shark species, are known to have orthodont teeth, with a single exception—the snaggletooth shark, Hemipristis elongata. High resolution micro-CT images of jaws and teeth from selected carcharhiniform sharks (including extant and fossil snaggletooth sharks) and tooth sections of teeth of Hemipristis, other carcharhiniform and lamniform sharks, have revealed that (1) Hemipristis is indeed the only carcharhiniform shark filling its pulp cavity with osteodentine in addition to orthodentine, (2) the tooth histology of Hemipristis elongata differs from the osteodont histotype, which evolved in lamniform sharks and conversely represents a modified orthodonty, and (3) this modified orthodonty was already present in extinct Hemipristis species but the mineralization sequence has changed over time. Our results clearly show the presence of a third tooth histotype—the pseudoosteodont histotype, which is present in Hemipristis. The unique tooth histology of lamniform sharks might provide a phylogenetic signal for this group, but more research is necessary to understand the phylogenetic importance of tooth histology in sharks in general.

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Nitrogen isotopic analysis of carbonate-bound organic matter in modern and fossil fish otoliths

Lueders-Dumont¹,

Wang²,

Jensen³

et al. 2018

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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Identification of Shark Teeth (Elasmobranchii: Lamnidae) from a Historic Fishing Station on Smuttynose Island, Maine, Using Computed Tomography Imaging

Cited by 6 publications

References 12 publications

Micro-computed tomography imaging reveals the development of a unique tooth mineralization pattern in mackerel sharks (Chondrichthyes; Lamniformes) in deep time

Micro-computed tomography imaging reveals the development of a unique tooth mineralization pattern in mackerel sharks (Chondrichthyes; Lamniformes) in deep time

Tooth mineralization and histology patterns in extinct and extant snaggletooth sharks, Hemipristis (Carcharhiniformes, Hemigaleidae)—Evolutionary significance or ecological adaptation?

Nitrogen isotopic analysis of carbonate-bound organic matter in modern and fossil fish otoliths

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