The Lactoferrin Phenomenon—A Miracle Molecule

Kowalczyk, Paweł; Kaczyńska, Katarzyna; Kleczkowska, Patrycja; Bukowska-Ośko, Iwona; Kramkowski, Karol; Sulejczak, Dorota

doi:10.3390/molecules27092941

Cited by 78 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 150 publications

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“…Lactoferrin (LF, lactotransferrin) is a nonheme multifunctional cationic natural protein found in exocrine secretions and in the secondary granules of neutrophils [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. The characteristic functions of this protein includes binding of toxic free-iron.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Lactoferrin in Plasma and Peritoneal Fluid on Iron Metabolism in Women with Endometriosis

Skarżyńska

Wróbel

Zborowska

et al. 2023

IJMS

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The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between lactoferrin and iron and its binding proteins in women with endometriosis by simultaneously measuring these parameters in plasma and peritoneal fluid. Ninety women were evaluated, of whom 57 were confirmed as having endometriosis. Lactoferrin was measured by ELISA, transferrin, ferritin and iron on a Cobas 8000 analyser. Lactoferrin and transferrin in peritoneal fluid were lower compared to plasma, in contrast to ferritin and iron. In plasma, lactoferrin showeds associations with iron and transferrin in endometriosis and with ferritin in the group without endometriosis. Lactoferrin in peritoneal fluid correlated with lactoferrin, iron and transferrin of plasma in patients without endometriosis. The ratio of lactoferrin concentration in peritoneal fluid to plasma differentiated stage I versus IV of endometriosis and was negatively correlated with the iron ratio in patients without endometriosis. The ferritin ratio differentiated women with and without endometriosis. The very high ferritin ratios, especially in advanced stages of endometriosis, suggest the protective involvement of this protein in peritoneal fluid and the loss of this role by lactoferrin. The results demonstrate the validity of assessing iron metabolism in women with endometriosis, which may be useful as a marker of the disease and its progression.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Lactoferrin in Plasma and Peritoneal Fluid on Iron Metabolism in Women with Endometriosis

Skarżyńska

Wróbel

Zborowska

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…Clinical trials have shown mixed reports that bovine LF-fortified formula given to neonates and infants reduces the incidence of diarrhoeal illness and respiratory disease (King et al 2007 ; Chen et al 2016 ). To explain these findings, it is proposed that orally delivered bovine LF (bLF) alters the gut microbiota and gut mucosal immune system, modulating the immunity of other mucous membranes such as the respiratory tract (Chen et al 2016 ; Kowalczyk et al 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two models have been proposed. The first is that LF and its degradation products could exert distal effects even if it remains in the wall of the gut (Kowalczyk et al 2022 ). This could occur by interaction of LF with gut associated lymphoid tissue (Kilic et al 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoparticular and other carriers to deliver lactoferrin for antimicrobial, antibiofilm and bone-regenerating effects: a review

2022

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Bone and joint infections are a rare but serious problem worldwide. Lactoferrin’s antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity coupled with its bone-regenerating effects may make it suitable for improving bone and joint infection treatment. However, free lactoferrin (LF) has highly variable oral bioavailability in humans due to potential for degradation in the stomach and small intestine. It also has a short half-life in blood plasma. Therefore, encapsulating LF in nanocarriers may slow degradation in the gastrointestinal tract and enhance LF absorption, stability, permeability and oral bioavailability. This review will summarize the literature on the encapsulation of LF into liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, polymeric micro and nanoparticles and hydroxyapatite nanocrystals. The fabrication, characterization, advantages, disadvantages and applications of each system will be discussed and compared.

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“…. cells at all stages of life (Spadaro et al, 2008;Kowalczyk et al, 2022). LF is endowed with extensive biological properties, including antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, immunomodulatory, and enzymatic activities (García-Montoya et al, 2012;da et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…LF is widely present in many mammalian secretions, including mammalian milk, saliva, tears, bronchial and intestinal secretions, and secondary granules of neutrophils (Katunuma et al, 2003 ). Known as a natural antibiotic, it is an important component that bridges the innate and adaptive immune systems of mammals and plays roles in protecting human cells at all stages of life (Spadaro et al, 2008 ; Kowalczyk et al, 2022 ). LF is endowed with extensive biological properties, including antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, immunomodulatory, and enzymatic activities (García-Montoya et al, 2012 ; da et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial properties of lactoferrin: A bibliometric analysis from 2000 to early 2022

Xu¹,

Wang²,

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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BackgroundHere, a bibliometric and knowledge map analysis are used to analyze the research hot spots and development trends regarding the antibacterial effect of lactoferrin (LF). By looking for research hot spots and new topics, we provide new clues and research directions for future research.MethodsArticles and reviews regarding the antibacterial effect of LF were retrieved and from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) on 25 June 2022. CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used to conduct the bibliometric and knowledge map analysis.ResultsIn total, 8,292 authors at 2,151 institutions from 86 countries published 1,923 articles in 770 academic journals. The United States was the leader regarding research on the antibacterial effects of LF, while the Netherlands was a pioneer in conducting research in this field. The University of California system contributed the most publications. Bolscher JGM published most articles, while Wayne Bellamy had most cocitations. However, there was insufficient cooperation among the various institutions and authors. BioMetals published most LF-antibacterial activity-related articles, whereas Infection and Immunity was most commonly cocited journal. The most influential research hot spots about the antibacterial effect of LF focused on antimicrobial peptides, casein, human milk, expression, and Escherichia coli-related research. The latest hot spots and research frontier included COVID-19, antibiofilm activity, and immune defense.ConclusionsLF is a multifunctional protein with a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activities. The related field of antibacterial properties of LF will remain a research hot spot in future.

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The Lactoferrin Phenomenon—A Miracle Molecule

Cited by 78 publications

References 150 publications

The Influence of Lactoferrin in Plasma and Peritoneal Fluid on Iron Metabolism in Women with Endometriosis

The Influence of Lactoferrin in Plasma and Peritoneal Fluid on Iron Metabolism in Women with Endometriosis

Nanoparticular and other carriers to deliver lactoferrin for antimicrobial, antibiofilm and bone-regenerating effects: a review

Antibacterial properties of lactoferrin: A bibliometric analysis from 2000 to early 2022

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