The kinetic profile of oxolinic acid in sharpsnout sea bream, Diplodus puntazzo (Cetti 1777)

Abstract

The pharmacokinetics of oxolinic acid (OA) were investigated after a single intra‐vascular injection (20 mg kg−1 fish) in sharpsnout sea bream (90 g), a promising new euryhaline species for Mediterranean fish farming. The distribution half‐life (t1/2α) and the elimination half‐life (t1/2β) of OA were calculated to be 0.4 and 10 h respectively. The apparent volume of distribution at steady‐state (Vd(ss)) and total clearance rate (CLT) of the drug were found to be 2.1 L kg and 0.2 L kg−1 h−1 respectively. The bioavailability (F%) of OA following oral administration (40 mg kg−1 fish) was estimated to be 15%. The results indicate a rapid distribution and elimination of the drug, moderate tissue penetration, but low absorption in sharpsnout sea bream. The kinetic profile of OA found in this species is comparable with that observed in another well‐known sparid, gilthead sea bream.

Antibacterial Agents in Mediterranean Finfish Farming: A Synopsis of Drug Pharmacokinetics in Important Euryhaline Fish Species and Possible Environmental Implications

“…However, OA absorption studies in European sea bass and sparids have revealed relatively high apparent digestibility (absorption) values (64-92%) (Rigos et al, 1999(Rigos et al, , 2002d. In contrast, F for OA in sparids is surprisingly low (14-15%) (Rigos et al, 2002c(Rigos et al, , 2004d, indicating that complexing of OA with cations reduces its membrane permeability and is indicative of significant first pass elimination following absorption. On the contrary, FLU has been shown to be more bioavailable than OA in gilthead sea bream (29%) .…”

“…Maximal plasma OA levels following single or multiple oral dosing in both gilthead and sharpsnout sea bream, were found to be $1 lg mL )1 (Rigos et al, 2002c(Rigos et al, , 2003b(Rigos et al, , 2004d, while respective values for FLU after single dosing in gilthead sea bream was higher at 1.7 lg mL )1 . This difference may be attributable to the greater F of FLU in gilthead sea bream, and is therefore indicative of the greater therapeutic efficacy of FLU as previously mentioned.…”

“…Although the penetration of intravascularyinjected OA in the tissue compartment of euryhaline fish is moderate (V d(ss) =2.1-2.6 L kg )1 ) (Poher et al, 1997;Rigos et al, 2002cRigos et al, , 2004d it is higher than that of FLU (0.6-1.5 L kg )1 ) (Rigos et al, 2002e, 2003c. A study of the tissue distribution of OA following multiple dosing, revealed that liver, bile and skin act as reservoirs of the drug treatment in both gilthead and sharpsnout sea bream with rapid depletion of the drug from all tissues to ''consumer safe levels'' (MRL = 100 ng g )1 ; EMEA, 2003) 24 h after completion of treatment at 19°C (Rigos et al, 2003b).…”

Treatment of vibriosis in European sea bass larvae, Dicentrarchus labrax L., with oxolinic acid administered by bath or through medicated nauplii of Artemia franciscana (Kellogg): efficacy and residual kinetics

“…1998; Lalumera et al. 2004; Robinson, Belden & Lydy 2005) has been associated with the contamination of the marine environment (Rigos et al. 2004a).…”

“…Quinolone toxicity to aquatic organisms (Halling-Sorensen et al 1998;Lalumera et al 2004;Robinson, Belden & Lydy 2005) has been associated with the contamination of the marine environment (Rigos et al 2004a). However, when oxolinic acid was used for the treatment of fish diseases, absence of toxicity was reported for small turbot (Samuelsen 2003) or very low toxicity with an LD50 exceeding 4000 mg kg )1 for trout (Björklund & Bylund 1991).…”