The Khopik porphyry copper prospect, Lut Block, Eastern Iran: Geology, alteration and mineralization, fluid inclusion, and oxygen isotope studies

Textural characterization of unidirectional solidification textures related to Cu–Au deposits and their implication for metallogenesis and exploration

“…Unidirectional solidification textures (USTs) are recognized by exploration geologists in a variety of magmatic and transitional magmatic-hydrothermal ore deposits as pathfinders to economic mineralization (Shannon et al 1982;Lowenstern and Sinclair 1996;Mustard 2001;Kirwin and Seltmann 2002;Kirwin 2005;Erdenebayar et al 2014;Malekzadeh Shafaroudi et al 2015;Seo et al 2021;Bain et al 2022). In a broader sense, USTs are Editorial handling: K. Kelley considered to be layers of hydrothermal or magmatic crystals with similar growth direction (unidirectional comb layers), perpendicular to lithological, geochemical, or mineralogical interfaces.…”

Periodically Released Magmatic Fluids Create a Texture of Unidirectional Solidification (UST) in Ore-Forming Granite: A Fluid and Melt Inclusion Study of W-Mo Forming Sannae-Eonyang Granite, Korea

“…Igneous textures that indicate fluid saturation and exsolution in the apical parts of granitic intrusions comprise miarolitic cavities, orbicular texture, and unidirectional solidification texture (UST) in the aplite-pegmatite interface [5][6][7][8][9]. UST is caused by anisotropic mineral crystallization directed toward the inner part of a magma chamber, which has been identified globally at intrusions generating economic hydrothermal deposits of Cu-Au [10][11][12][13][14][15], Mo [6,16,17], and Sn or W [18][19][20][21]. The genetic geological Minerals 2021, 11, 888 2 of 22 link between the features of UST in magma and economic ore mineralization has been investigated by petrographic observation [5,6], mineral geochemistry [9,20], stable isotope geochemistry [7,16,19], and fluid inclusion studies [12,18].…”

“…UST is caused by anisotropic mineral crystallization directed toward the inner part of a magma chamber, which has been identified globally at intrusions generating economic hydrothermal deposits of Cu-Au [10][11][12][13][14][15], Mo [6,16,17], and Sn or W [18][19][20][21]. The genetic geological Minerals 2021, 11, 888 2 of 22 link between the features of UST in magma and economic ore mineralization has been investigated by petrographic observation [5,6], mineral geochemistry [9,20], stable isotope geochemistry [7,16,19], and fluid inclusion studies [12,18]. However, many questions remain unanswered regarding the pressure-temperature (P-T) evolution of the magmatichydrothermal fluid.…”

“…Fluid inclusions in UST crystals are generally poorly preserved because many existing USTs are tiny bands of quartz, similar to curvy quartz veins. Fluid inclusions hosted in quartz crystals of UST have been studied by microthermometry [12,18], but not by microanalyses such as laser Raman spectroscopy and laser ablation (LA) ICP-MS.…”

Geochemistry, petrogenesis, zircon U Pb geochronology and Sr Nd isotopic composition of Kuh-e-Shah volcanic rocks: Implications for an active continental margin along with eastern Iran during the Paleogene

“…In recent years, due to the importance of mineralization in eastern Iran, many studies have been conducted on intrusive rocks (more than volcanics) of the Lut Block and Kuh-e-Shah volcano-plutonic complex (e.g., Malekzadeh Shafaroudi et al, 2015;Samiee et al, 2016;Etemadi et al, 2018;Nadermezerji et al, 2018;Etemadi et al, 2019), regardless the importance role of volcanic rocks forming conditions during magma evolution. The origin of andesite is an important issue in petrology because andesite is the main eruptive product at convergent margins, corresponds to the average crustal composition, and is often associated with major Cu-Au mineralization (Chiaradia et al, 2011).…”