The Joy of Sexism? A Multinational Investigation of Hostile and Benevolent Justifications for Gender Inequality and Their Relations to Subjective Well-Being

Napier, Jaime L.; Þórisdóttir, Hulda; Jost, John T.

doi:10.1007/s11199-009-9712-7

Cited by 119 publications

(152 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…However, it may be very difficult to change these sexist beliefs, especially benevolent sexist attitudes, because benevolent sexism functions to prevent changes in sexism (Becker and Wright 2011 Swim et al 2005 [the USA]). People may prefer holding benevolently sexist attitudes because it may be associated with positive well-being of women and men (Naiper et al 2010 [the USA]). As earlier researchers have suggested, combating benevolent sexism may require some new strategies.…”

Section: Discussion and Suggestions For Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Empirical Studies on Women’s Issues in Islamic Cultures: Introduction to Special Issue

Sakallı-Uğurlu

2016

Sex Roles

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The special issue aimed to focus on quantitative research articles covering gender and women's issues in Islamic cultures which have not received sufficient attention. The present issue of gender and women's issues in these cultures adds important information about topics such as the roles of honor, religiosity, and sexism as they interact with gender. In the special issue there are six quantitative research articles focusing on various topics relevant to honor, sexism, economic, and health issues. A study from Turkey examines the associations among benevolent sexism, hostile sexism, religiosity, and the endorsement of honor beliefs in Turkey. Another explores the effects of religious affiliation, patriarchy, and gender on the perception of honor-related crimes in Morocco, Cameroon, and Italy. Views about family issues are explored in a paper from North Cyprus that explores the associations among hostile sexism, benevolent sexism, religiosity, and attitudes toward childlessness. In another paper, researchers from Turkey investigate job-relevant gender issues such as work engagement, job insecurity, and turnover intentions. Finally, women's health in Muslim cultures is the focus of papers on health screening behaviors in Turkey and on factors relevant to menopausal symptoms of women in Pakistan. In the introduction, the main purposes of the special issue articles are introduced. Then, the importance of studying honor, sexism, religiosity, the economic situation of women, and women's health issues in Islamic cultures are covered. Some suggestions for future studies and implication and applications of the research findings also are discussed. Finally, limitations of the special issue are presented.

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Section: Discussion and Suggestions For Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Empirical Studies on Women’s Issues in Islamic Cultures: Introduction to Special Issue

Sakallı-Uğurlu

2016

Sex Roles

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“…Dobronamerni seksizem je za ženske torej napovednik zadovoljstva z življenjem prek mehanizmov upravičevanja sistema, pri moških pa predstavlja neposredni napovednik zadovoljstva. Sovražni seksizem se pozitivno povezuje z zadovoljstvom z življenjem žensk in moških le v tistih družbah, kjer je neenakost med spoloma največja (Hammond in Sibley, 2011;Napier, Thorisdottir in Jost, 2010). Čeprav je splošna raven enakosti med spoloma pozitivno povezana s psihološkim blagostanjem žensk in moških, pa ima objektivna neenakost negativen vpliv na subjektivno blagostanje le v primeru, če posamezniki ne prevrednotijo neenakosti kot pravične in zaželene (Napier idr., 2010).…”

Section: Družbene Posledice Ambivalentnega Seksizmaunclassified

Sistematični pregled literature s področja ambivalentnega seksizma

Svetek¹

2017

Psihološka obzorja / Horizons of Psychology

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LjubljanaPovzetek: Pojavne oblike seksizma so pod stalnim vplivom družbenih sprememb in odnosov med spoloma. V pričujočem članku predstavljam sodobne oblike seksizma, s poudarkom na teoriji ambivalentnega seksizma (Glick in Fiske, 1996), ki obravnava seksizem ne samo na družbeni, ampak tudi na medosebni in osebni ravni. Prispevek nudi obsežen pregled empiričnih ugotovitev s področja dobronamernega in sovražnega seksizma ter njunih učinkov na intimne medosebne odnose, spolno nasilje, lepotne ideale in prakse, samopodobo ter karierne odločitve in aspiracije žensk. Na koncu teorijo ambivalentnega seksizma umestim v širše družbeno-psihološke mehanizme in razmišljam o možnostih preseganja seksističnih ideologij in praks.Ključne besede: ambivalentni seksizem, dobronamerni seksizem, sovražni seksizem, odnosi med spoloma, psihološko opolnomočenje A systematic literature review on ambivalent sexismMojca Svetek * Ljubljana, Slovenia Abstract: Manifestations of sexism are under the constant influence of social changes and changes in gender relations. This paper presents modern forms of sexism, with an emphasis on the ambivalent sexism theory (Glick and Fiske, 1996). Ambivalent sexism theory addresses sexism not only on societal but also on interpersonal and personal level. In addition, this article provides a comprehensive review of the empirical findings in the field of benevolent and hostile sexism and their effect on close relations, sexual violence, beauty ideals and practices, women's self-esteem, and their career decisions and aspirations. Finally, I place ambivalent sexism theory into the broader societal and psychological context and discuss the possibilities of surmounting current sexist ideologies and practices.

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“…Thus, it is not surprising that these women believe that sexism is no longer a problem (i.e., endorse modern sexism; Zucker & Bay-Cheng, 2010). Similarly, in that ambivalent sexism portrays gender roles as ''complementary but equal,'' it preserves the status quo by coloring it as fair (Napier, Thorisdottir, & Jost, 2010). As such, neoliberals may have ambivalent sexist beliefs and support a sexual double standard not because they believe that men and women are unequal and should be treated as such (as in the case of nonfeminists, who do not believe in equality between the sexes; Zucker, 2004), but because these attitudes reflect their system-justifying beliefs and reinforce their egalitarian worldview.…”

Section: Defining Nonlabelersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Perhaps this is why neoliberals in the present study reported the highest levels of benevolent sexism: because of their faith in the current system, benevolent sexism-which involves superficially positive attitudes toward women that reinforce traditional gender role conformity (Glick & Fiske, 1996)-is less an issue of equality and instead, more reflective of their endorsement of the status quo. To neoliberals, benevolent sexism may not be perceived as bad since, by its very nature, this form of sexism serves a palliative, system-justifying purpose and reinforces their ''all is well'' perspective (Jost & Kay, 2005;Napier et al, 2010). Despite this optimistic worldview, research suggests that neoliberalism may nonetheless lead to negative consequences for minorities, both at the individual (e.g., Foster, Sloto, & Ruby, 2006;Major, Kaiser, O'Brien, & McCoy, 2007) and societal (Coburn, 2000;Foster et al, 2006;Nafstad, Blakar, Carlquist, Phelps, & Rand-Hendriksen, 2009) level.…”

Section: Implications For Women's Personal and Collective Well-beingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Not All Nonlabelers Are Created Equal

Fitz

Zucker

Bay‐Cheng

2012

Psychology of Women Quarterly

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Past research regarding feminist identity has revealed that a significant number of women endorse feminist attitudes yet reject a feminist identity. In the current study, we sought to examine whether these nonlabeling women fall into two distinct groups: (a) one that falls on the same ideological continuum of their feminist peers and (b) the other that represents an attitudinally unique group of women characterized by their neoliberal beliefs that prioritize individual merit as the sole determinant of success. Two samples of undergraduate women self-reported their feminist identity and political and sexist attitudes. In our first sample (N ¼ 231), we used k-means cluster analysis to identify two types of nonlabelers: quasi-feminists and neoliberals. Results revealed that, despite both groups' shared belief in gender equality, quasi-feminists reported relatively lower levels of meritocratic, just world, and modern sexist beliefs, all of which were similar to those of their feminist-identified peers, whereas neoliberals indicated stronger meritocratic, just world, and modern sexist beliefs. In our second sample (N ¼ 351), we replicated findings from our first sample and subsequently validated these groupings. Specifically, multivariate analysis of variance results demonstrated that, separate from the differences found in relation to the measures used for cluster analysis, quasi-feminists scored lower than neoliberals on measures of ambivalent sexism, social dominance, and equal opportunity beliefs. Women's individual and collective welfare often hinges on their endorsement of neoliberal and feminist beliefs, especially in the face of unfair treatment. We suggest that activists and policy makers tailor strategies for engaging nonlabelers in the movement toward gender equality to the subtype of nonlabeler in question.

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The Joy of Sexism? A Multinational Investigation of Hostile and Benevolent Justifications for Gender Inequality and Their Relations to Subjective Well-Being

Cited by 119 publications

References 52 publications

Quantitative Empirical Studies on Women’s Issues in Islamic Cultures: Introduction to Special Issue

Quantitative Empirical Studies on Women’s Issues in Islamic Cultures: Introduction to Special Issue

Sistematični pregled literature s področja ambivalentnega seksizma

Not All Nonlabelers Are Created Equal

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