The Jewish Persona in the European Imagination

Livak, Leonid

doi:10.2307/j.ctvqsdt8s

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The red hair pigmentation prediction for SB604 is notable as medieval antisemitic tropes often incorporated an association between Jews and red hair. 47 Our results also indicate that Ashkenazim-associated disease alleles rose to nearmodern frequencies prior to the 12th century CE. Since the majority of these alleles are at comparatively low frequencies in Shephardi Jews, the population bottleneck most likely to have resulted in elevated frequencies is one associated with the formation of Ashkenazim communities in northern Europe during the early medieval period.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…Two individuals were inferred to have had brown eyes, one with ''dark'' and one with ''light'' hair (SB605 and SB676, respectively), while the 0-to 3-year-old boy (SB604) was inferred to have had blue eyes and red hair, the latter of which is associated with historical stereotypes of European Jews. 47 We examined the six Chapelfield genomes for variants associated with hereditary diseases in Ashkenazi Jews 10,16,48-50 at loci. Previous studies have attributed the high frequencies of certain genetic disease alleles in Ashkenazi Jews principally to high rates of drift during population bottlenecks, variously hypothesized to have occurred around 1,100-1,400 CE, 21 ca.…”

Section: Phenotypes and Genetic Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genomes from a medieval mass burial show Ashkenazi-associated hereditary diseases pre-date the 12th century

et al. 2022

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Phenotypes and Genetic Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomes from a medieval mass burial show Ashkenazi-associated hereditary diseases pre-date the 12th century

et al. 2022

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“…RT-qPCR was performed as described above. The 2 -ΔΔCt method was used to calculate the relative normalized expression in EDL and GB muscle [32]. Data were expressed as mean ± SD of three biological replicates for each muscle.…”

Section: Validation Of Reference Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…RT-qPCR was performed as described above. The relative expression of MyHC I and MyHC IIB mRNA were calculated via the 2 -ΔΔCt method [32]. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number.…”

Section: Measurement Of Muscle Fiber Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reference gene selection and myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoform expression in muscle tissues of domestic yak (Bos grunniens)

Zhou

Ding

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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Domestic yak (Bos grunniens) is the most crucial livestock in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, providing meat and other necessities for local people. The skeletal muscle of adult livestock is composed of muscle fibers, and fiber composition in muscle has influence on meat qualities, such as tenderness, pH, and color. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) is a powerful tool to evaluate the gene expression of muscle fiber, but the normalization of the data depends on the stability of expressed reference genes. Unfortunately, there is no consensus for an ideal reference gene for data normalization in muscle tissues of yak. In this study, we aimed to assess the stability of 14 commonly used candidate reference genes by using five algorithms (GeNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, Delat Ct and Refinder). Our results suggested UXT and PRL13A were the most stable reference genes, while the most commonly used reference gene, GAPDH, was most variably expressed across different muscle tissues. We also found that the extensor digitorum lateralis (EDL), trapezius pars thoracica (TPT), and psoas major (PM) muscle had the higher content of type I muscle fibers and the lowest content of type IIB muscle fibers, while gluteobiceps (GB) muscle had the highest content of type IIB muscle fibers. Our study provides the suitable reference genes for accurate analysis of yak muscle fiber composition.

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“…Throughout the 1920s and 1930s the First-Wave Russian emigration defined itself through its relationship with the Soviet Union, or what Livak calls "the emigration's founding myth of heroic anti-Soviet struggle." 15 The scandals that shook the Russian emigration in this period erupted invariably over the discovery of pro-Soviet sympathies or actions among trusted émigrés, such as Nadezhda Plevitskaya and her husband's involvement in criminal NKVD activities, or the unmasking of Sergei Efron, Marina Tsvetaeva's husband, as a covert NKVD agent. Russian émigré writers translated this anti-Soviet consensus into opposition to all forms of Soviet literature.…”

Section: A Melting Paskha: Conflicting éMigré Ideologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Scandal in Letters: Nina Berberova and the Nazi Occupation of France

Frank

2018

The Russian Review

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This article focuses on the scandal around the Russian émigré writer Nina Berberova in post‐war France, when she was accused of having been a Nazi sympathizer and collaborator. Rumours about her alleged Nazi collaboration during the German occupation of France started emerging from 1941 onwards and proliferated after the liberation of Paris in a complex exchange of letters between writers, journalists and political figures of the Russian emigration in France and the United States. In September 1945, Berberova defended herself against these allegations in an open letter to leading figures of the Russian émigré establishment. Yet, rather than putting the matter to rest, this public declaration of innocence only fuelled intense discussions among Russian émigré writers in the autumn of 1945 about Berberova’s role during the Nazi occupation of France. Berberova was by no means the only Russian émigré writer accused of collaboration with the Nazis, but she commanded a disproportionally large amount of space in the correspondence of the literary and cultural elite during and after the Second World War. Berberova ascribed the accusations of Nazi collaboration to personal “jalousie,” yet the distinctly public nature of the discourse about her suggests that her alleged transgressions had a wider symbolic significance for the Russian intellectual emigration. In this article, I argue that the Berberova scandal was a symptom of the deepening fault lines between Russian and Russian‐Jewish writers in the Russian émigré community in post‐war France. While émigré discourse tended to ignore this emerging rift or the distinct identities and divergent experience of Russian‐Jewish writers during the German occupation, the Berberova scandal marks a moment in émigré history when a small group of influential intellectuals tried to put the suffering of Russian‐Jewish writers during the war years and the covert anti‐Semitism in parts of the Russian emigration on the agenda. To this end, Berberova came to stand in for those Russian émigré writers who were seen to have been indifferent to the suffering of their Russian‐Jewish colleagues during the occupation. This article therefore looks beyond the issue of Berberova’s guilt or innocence and instead examines the function of the scandal and its underlying ideological conflicts within the complex process by which the Russian emigration negotiated its own demise as a culturally distinct group with a shared purpose during and after the Second World War.

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The Jewish Persona in the European Imagination

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Genomes from a medieval mass burial show Ashkenazi-associated hereditary diseases pre-date the 12th century

Genomes from a medieval mass burial show Ashkenazi-associated hereditary diseases pre-date the 12th century

Reference gene selection and myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoform expression in muscle tissues of domestic yak (Bos grunniens)

A Scandal in Letters: Nina Berberova and the Nazi Occupation of France

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