The JASP guidelines for conducting and reporting a Bayesian analysis

Doorn, Johnny van; Bergh, Don van den; Böhm, Udo; Dablander, Fabian; Derks, Koen; Draws, Tim; Etz, Alexander; Evans, Nathan J.; Gronau, Quentin Frederik; Haaf, Julia M.; Hinne, Max; Kucharský, Šimon; Ly, Alexander; Marsman, Maarten; Matzke, Dora; Gupta, Akash; Sarafoglou, Alexandra; Stefan, Angelika; Voelkel, Jan G.; Wagenmakers, Eric‐Jan

doi:10.3758/s13423-020-01798-5

Cited by 537 publications

(293 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Bayesian statistics using the Bayesian information criteria proposed by Wagenmakers ( 2007 ) were further applied to estimate the likelihood of the existence of the interaction (H 0 ). In accordance Bayes factors classifications by van Doorn et al ( 2019 ), the interaction term shows moderate evidence for H 0 , BF 10 = .278.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Additive Effects of Prior Knowledge and Predictive Visual Information in Improving Continuous Tracking Performance

Broeker

Ewolds

Oliveira

et al. 2020

Journal of Cognition

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Visual information and prior knowledge represent two different sources of predictability for tasks which each have been reported to have a beneficial effect on dual-task performance. What if the two were combined? Adding multiple sources of predictability might, on the one hand, lead to additive, beneficial effects on dual-tasking. On the other hand, it is conceivable that multiple sources of predictability do not increase dual-task performance further, as they complicate performance due to having to process information from multiple sources. In this study, we combined two sources of predictability, predictive visual information and prior knowledge (implicit learning and explicit learning) in a dual-task setup. 22 participants performed a continuous tracking task together with an auditory reaction time task over three days. The middle segment of the tracking task was repeating to promote motor learning, but only half of the participants was informed about this. After the practice blocks (day 3), we provided participants with predictive visual information about the tracking path to test whether visual information would add to beneficial effects of prior knowledge (additive effects of predictability). Results show that both predictive visual information and prior knowledge improved dual-task performance, presented simultaneously or in absence of each other. These results show that processing of information relevant for enhancement of task performance is unhindered by dual-task demands.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Additive Effects of Prior Knowledge and Predictive Visual Information in Improving Continuous Tracking Performance

Broeker

Ewolds

Oliveira

et al. 2020

Journal of Cognition

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“…Here we regard any relative evidence greater than "anecdotal" in favor of H1 (BF > 3) or in favor of H0 (BF < 1/3) as meaningful. These procedures follow the JASP guidelines for conducting and reporting a Bayesian analysis (van Doorn et al, 2020). For Student's paired t-tests, we used an alpha of 0.05.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

tVNS Increases Liking of Orally Sampled Low-Fat Foods: A Pilot Study

Öztürk

Büning

Frangos

et al. 2020

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Recently a role for the vagus nerve in conditioning food preferences was established in rodents. In a prospective controlled clinical trial in humans, invasive vagus nerve stimulation shifted food choice toward lower fat content. Here we explored whether hedonic aspects of an orally sampled food stimulus can be modulated by non-invasive transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) in humans. In healthy participants (n = 10, five women, 20–32 years old, no obesity) we tested liking and wanting ratings of food samples with varying fat or sugar content with or without tVNS in a sham-controlled within-participants design. To determine effects of tVNS on food intake, we also measured voluntary consumption of milkshake. Spontaneous eye blink rate was measured as a proxy for dopamine tone. Liking of low-fat, but not high-fat puddings, was higher for tVNS relative to sham stimulation. Other outcomes showed no differences. These findings support a role for the vagus nerve promoting post-ingestive reward signals. Our results suggest that tVNS may be used to increase liking of low-calorie foods, which may support healthier food choices.

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“…Additionally, we performed Bayesian Wilcoxon signed-rank tests to determine the relative support for alternative and null hypotheses in each tactile condition. Given that we lacked proper justification for informed prior specification, we used the default Cauchy prior with width r set to 0.707 (1/ p 2) [41]. Bayes factor robustness was further validated with analyses using narrow (r = 0.354), wide (r = 1) and ultrawide (r = p 2) priors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bayes factor robustness was further validated with analyses using narrow (r = 0.354), wide (r = 1) and ultrawide (r = p 2) priors. BF analyses were reported and interpreted in accordance with the recent guidelines [41] As common non-parametric methods do not permit the conclusive examination of interaction effects, linear quantile mixed models (LQMM) were used in the complementary analysis [42]. This statistical approach to dependent data makes no assumptions regarding the distribution of the outcome variable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tactile information counteracts the attenuation of rubber hand illusion attributable to increased visuo-proprioceptive divergence

2020

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Sense of body ownership is an immediate and distinct experience of one’s body as belonging to oneself. While it is well-recognized that ownership feelings emerge from the integration of visual and somatosensory signals, the principles upon which they are integrated are still intensely debated. Here, we used the rubber hand illusion (RHI) to examine how the interplay of visual, tactile, and proprioceptive signals is governed depending on their spatiotemporal properties. For this purpose, the RHI was elicited in different conditions varying with respect to the extent of visuo-proprioceptive divergence (i.e., the distance between the real and fake hands) and differing in terms of the availability and spatiotemporal complexity of tactile stimulation (none, simple, or complex). We expected that the attenuating effect of distance on illusion strength will be more pronounced in the absence of touch (when proprioception gains relatively higher importance) and absent in the presence of complex tactile signals. Additionally, we hypothesized that participants with greater proprioceptive acuity—assessed using an elbow joint position discrimination task—will be less susceptible to the illusion, but only under the conditions of limited tactile stimulation. In line with our prediction, RHI was attenuated at the farthest distance only when tactile information was absent or simplified, but the attenuation was effectively prevented by the use of complex tactile stimulation—in this case, RHI was comparably vivid at both distances. However, passive proprioceptive acuity was not related to RHI strength in either of the conditions. The results indicate that complex-structured tactile signals can override the influence of proprioceptive signals in body attribution processes. These findings extend our understanding of body ownership by showing that it is primarily determined by informative cues from the most relevant sensory domains, rather than mere accumulation of multisensory evidence.

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The JASP guidelines for conducting and reporting a Bayesian analysis

Cited by 537 publications

References 58 publications

Additive Effects of Prior Knowledge and Predictive Visual Information in Improving Continuous Tracking Performance

Additive Effects of Prior Knowledge and Predictive Visual Information in Improving Continuous Tracking Performance

tVNS Increases Liking of Orally Sampled Low-Fat Foods: A Pilot Study

Tactile information counteracts the attenuation of rubber hand illusion attributable to increased visuo-proprioceptive divergence

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